Evaluation of diastolic left intraventricular pressure differences in normal adults detected by vector flow mapping / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the characteristics of diastolic left intraventricular pressure differences(IVPD) and intraventricular pressure gradients(IVPG) among normal adults in different ages by vector flow mapping.Methods:From March 2019 to October 2020, 1 093 healthy volunteers were selected from the physical examination center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and they were divided into youth group (18-40 years old), middle-aged group (41-65 years old) and elderly group (>65 years old). IVPD and IVPG during isovolumetric relaxation(IR) period, rapid filling (RF) period, slow filling(SF) period, and atrial contraction(AC) period were measured by vector flow mapping, and were correlated with left ventricular diastolic function parameters.Results:①IVPD-IR, IVPD-AC, IVPG-IR, and IVPG-AC gradually increased while IVPD-RF, IVPD-SF, and IVPG-RF gradually decreased from the youth group to the elderly group(all P<0.05). ②IVPD-RF and IVPG-RF were positively correlated with E( r=0.391, 0.402, P<0.001, respectively). IVPD-AC and IVPG-AC were positively correlated with A( r=0.407, 0.425, P<0.001, respectively) and E/e′( r=0.268, 0.294, P<0.001, respectively) while negatively correlated with E/A( r=-0.510, -0.506, P<0.001, respectively) and e′/a′( r=-0.514, -0.511, P<0.001, respectively). Conclusions:IVPD and IVPG can quantitatively analyze the changes of left ventricular hemodynamics in normal subjects, which are expected to be new indexes to evaluate left ventricular diastolic function.

The Relationships of Tone Burst -ABR Thresholds and the Pure-Tone Audiograms in Normal Hearing Adults / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the relationships of tone burst -ABR Thresholds and the pure -tone audiograms in normal hearing adults .Methods The response thresholds of Tone burst -ABR and the pure -tone audiogram were recorded from 34 adult(68 ears) at 0 .5 ,1 .0 ,2 .0 ,and 4 .0 kHz .The results were statistically ana-lyzed .The correlation of the response thresholds of tone burst -ABR and the pure-tone audiogram were studied . Results At 0 .5 ,1 .0 ,2 .0 ,4 .0 kHz ,the averages of the response thresholds of tone burst -ABR were 27 .43 ± 3 .29 ,25 .98 ± 2 .76 ,16 .78 ± 2 .37 ,and 12 .42 ± 2 .64 dB nHL ,respectively .The averages of the pure -tone audio-gram were 12 .23 ± 3 .99 ,11 .82 ± 2 .56 ,9 .58 ± 3 .23 ,and 9 .92 ± 2 .59 dB nHL ,respectively .The differences between the response thresholds of tone burst -ABR and the pure-tone audiogram were 12 .13 ± 4 .51 ,11 .43 ± 3 .66 ,7 .61 ± 2 .43 ,and 7 .17 ± 1 .32 dB ,respectively .At 0 .5 ,1 .0 ,2 .0 ,and 4 .0 kHz ,Pearson correlation coefficients were 0 .69 ,0 .79 ,0 .84 ,0 .89 ,respectively .Conclusion The tone burst -ABR and the pure -tone audiogram thresholds were a highly correlated with each other ,especially at 2 .0 kHz and 4 .0 kHz .Tone burst -ABR has the frequency specificity ,which can response the hearing level better .

Reference value range of pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform parameters in the normal adults / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To Pulse oximetry saturation has been wildly used clinically.It has been reported that pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform (POP) reflected the peripheral tissue perfusion.In this study,we parameterized POP,observed the value of POP parameters in normal adults,and established the normal reference value range.Methods A multi-center prospective descriptive study.Total of 1 019 adult volunteers with normovolemia from 7 cities were enrolled in this study.Sex,age,height,weight and pulse oximetry data in awake and spontaneous breathing under in quiet conditions in the room temperature were collected.POP parameters and perfusion index were analyzed using MATLAB 2012a software.The normal reference value ranges of POP parameters,including the amplitude of POP (Amp) and the area under the curve of POP (AUC),were formulated.Results Statistical differences of POP parameters were detected between men and women in the normal adult.The 95％ confidence reference value of POP parameters in normal population was as follows:Amp (104.8-2298.7) PVA and AUC (3265.8-6028.5) PVPGin total,Amp (129.4-2433.6) PVA and AUC (3319.0-5862.2) PVPG in male;Amp (89.5-2138.2) PVA and AUC (3163.9-5929.9) PVPG in female.Conclusions POP,including the amplitude of POP (Amp) and the area under the curve of POP (AUC),had normal reference value ranges in normal adults.

Hip and plantar pressure kinematic parameters in the sit-to-stand transfer process / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the influence of gender and age on hip and plantar pressure changes in the sit-to-stand transition. Methods Kinematic parameters such as changes in hip joint angle,motor velocity and speed,and also plantar pressure changes such as stress,pressure and contact area were observed as subjects of different ages and genders performed sit-to-stand transitions. Results ①Hip kinematics:The speeds of trunk movement and hip joint angle change in men and women were significantly different.Their average speed in rising was also significantly different.The young and middle-aged people rose faster with faster hip joint angle changes than the elderly.Their total rising time was therefore significantly shorter as well.()Plantar pressure kinematics:The men's plantar pressures were significantly higher than those of the women throughout the rising process.The plantar pressure of the young and middle-aged subjects was also significantly higher than that of the elderly.At the last stage of sit-to-stand transfer process the ground contact area of the women's was significantly larger,on average,than that of the men,and the elderly had significantly larger contact areas than young or middle-aged people. Conclusion During sit-to-stand transfers,men and young people move faster than women or the elderly.Women and older people tend to have larger foot-ground contact areas than men and younger persons.Different rehabilitation measures are required for different ages,genders and diseases.

The Prevalence and Morbidity of Proteinuria in Apparently Normal Adults / 대한신장학회잡지

PURPOSE: This study was implemented to investigate the prevalence of proteinuria and its combined morbidity in apparently normal adults. METHODS: We examined the mass screening data of Health Promotion Center in Seoul National University Hospital from May 1, 1995 to February 11, 2000. The random urine samples of all screenees were examined by dipstick test. Among them 22,595 adults(men 11,737 and women 10,858) who didn't take anti- hypertensive medication and whose fasting blood sugar <126 mg/dL were included in this analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of proteinuria was 6.7% in men and 3.6% in women. Risk factors for proteinuria by simple correlation analysis were age, sex, body weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total cholesterol and smoking. As the degree of proteinuria increased, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures also increased significantly and creatinine clearance significantly decreased above the '++' level of proteinuria. Probability of proteinuria was calculated at each blood pressure level graded by JNC VI. With the increase of the level of blood pressure, the probability of proteinuria increased significantly between normal and high normal, high normal and hypertension1, and hypertension 2 and hypertension 3 level. Creatinine clearance and blood pressure level showed negative correlation. When total screenees were divided to proteinuria and no proteinuria groups, proteinuria group showed significant decrease of creatinine clearance in high normal and hypertension 1 level. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that proteinuria in the apparently normal adults is not a benign condition, and it can be accompanied by significantly increased blood pressures and decreased renal function.

Urinary citrate excretion in normal adults.

For 60 healthy subjects, aged 18-48, the urinary citrate excretion was studied by enzymatic method of Toftegaard Nielsen. The mean values in 24hr. urine were 1.44+0.61 mmole/day, 1.33+0.54 mmole/l. and 1.80+1.06 mmole/gm Cr, respectively. In single voided urine specimens, urinary citrate concentrations were 1.44+0.74 mmole/l and 1.82+0.98 mmole/gm Cr. Females had a higher mean value than males. There was no significant difference in the concentration of citrated excreted in different periods of the day when the excretion was expreesed as mmole per gram of creatinine, but when expressed in mmole per litre, the 10 pm-6 am period was different from others. The concentration of excreted citrate in each period correlated well with the 24 hour excretion, especially when it was expressed as mmole per litre (corr. Coeff. 0.55-0.9). Therefore, a single voided specimen can be used in the evaluation of total daily citrate excretion.

Age-related Erectile Response to Short Erotic Stimulation in Normal Adults / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Simultaneous monitoring of penile photoelectric plethysmography, penile tumescences, penile rigidity, bulbocavernosus-ischiocavernosus EMG and EKG was attempted to investigate the age-related erectile response to short period erotic film in 50 normal males and to elucidate the range of its characteristics for the diagnosis of impotence. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; l. Variability was observed in temporal relationship between penile pulse amplitude and penile erection. Of the 45 subjects who showed erection and/or increase in penile pulse amplitude 4 categories of response could be defined : Type I was observed in 13 subjects (28.9%)-erection and increased penile pulse amplitude occurring in parallel ; Type II, in 26 subjects(57.8%)_erection with increased penile pulse amplitude during the development or decline of erection but not during maximum erection ; Type III, in 4 subjects(8. 8%)_erection with no change in penile pulse amplitude ; and Type IV, in 2 subjects (4.4 %)_increased penile pulse amplitude without any erection. These results suggest that penile erection does not exclusively depend increased penile arterial blood flow but upon the cooperative mechanisms with the action of venous blockade which corresponds flexibly to the degree of arterial blood flow. 2. Following erotic stimulation, there was tendency to delay in latency to erection with aging. However, no difference in penile tumescence and rigidity among age groups was observed. This indicates that if the subject is affected by libido owing to strong erotic stimulation, maximum erection ensues regardless of aging. 3. The fact that subjects with good erection shows enough libido and that maximum erection ensues if erection develop under strong erotic stimulation suggests visual sexual stimulation method would be useful in differentiatial diagnosis of erectile dysfunction.

A Study on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow of Normal Adults

The values for regional cerebral blood flow at rest were obtained from 60 right handed normal Korean adults(48 males, 12 females) with an age range of 24 to 69 years. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Mean rCBF were Fg ; 74.8+/-13.3ml/100g/min., Fw ; 19.2+/-3.1ml/100g/min, Wg ; 44.0+/-5.4% and CBF(inf) ; 39.8+/-7.6ml/100g/min. 2) In normal regional flow distributions throughout each hemisphere, values of Fg, Fw and CBF(inf) were higher in the frontal lobes and lower in the parietal lobes. A trend for higher values for Wg was seen in occipital and temporal lobes and lower values in the frontal lobes of both hemispheres. 3) When normal limits of the interregional variety values were predicted as mean ICV+2 SD(p<0.05), those values were Fg ; 12%, Fw ; 12%, CBF(inf) ; 10%, FFg ; 4% and Wg ; 10% of mean hemispheric rCBF. 4) There was a significant progressive decline of parameters of Fg, CBF(inf) and Wg with advancing age.

INVESTIGATION OF ADULT PERSONALITY IN CHANGZHOU USING REVISED EYSENCK PERSONALSTY QUESTIONAIRE / 第二军医大学学报

The data of personality investigation of 506 normal adults in Changzhou by using revised EPQ were presented.The results reveal : (1) Little differences of some ubscales from Chinese National Norm were encountered, but overall, there was a high concordance in most part of them. (2) There was a definite relationship between most part of the subscales and age, as well as the sex,(3) There were some correlations between the introvert or extrovert of personality, as well as emotional stability, and the sex. The authors suggest that these results can be used as reference criterion for adult personality norm of Changzhou.