ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the feasibility and accuracy of sex determination by morphology of the distal humerus in North China population. Methods Observing sexually dimorphic differences of olecranon fossa shape, trochlear symmetry, trochlear constriction and angle of medial epicondyle. Each characteristic was divided into three categories: male, unknown and female. The morphological characteristics of the humerus of 70 individuals (35 males and 35 females) from the Ming and Qing Dynasties in North China were counted to compare the occurrence rate of different categories of distal humeral morphology and the accuracy rate of sex determination. Results There were statistically significant differences in the performance of the four traits of the distal humerus between males and females. The accuracy rate of angle of medial epicondyle was the highest at 76%, while the lowest accuracy rate of trochlear constriction was only 52%. The accuracy of the combined four traits was higher than the single ones, with an accuracy rate of 76% (83% for males and 68% for females). Conclusion Distal humerus morphology can be used to determine sex when skulls and pelvis are absent.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To report an overview of bariatric & metabolic surgery performed in 2018 in North China. METHODS: Based on prospective and observational North China Bariatric & Metabolic Surgery Clinical Database(NC-BMD), the study of evaluating the number and the type of bariatric &metabolic surgery procedures was performed in North China. Demographic characteristic, obesityrelated diseases and operational information were also analyzed. RESULTS: In 2018, 17 centers from 7 regions in North China contributed a total of 728 registration data. Valid data were analyzed from 16 centers. The patients' median (minimum, maximum) BMI pre-surgery was 38.4(24.7,95.2). The overall proportion of female patients was 74.7%, and mean±SD age was(32.5±8.29) years, while male patients was 25.3%, and mean±SD age was (32.7±9.90) years. According the data 93.9% laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG), 4.4% laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and 1.7% other operation types. 29.2% of patients had a history of type 2 diabetes, 69.4% had sleep apnea, and 22.6% had polycystic ovary syndrome before operation. CONCLUSION: The establishment of NC-BMD has laid a solid foundation for data registration in North China. Based on current data, LSG is the mainstream of bariatric and metabolic surgery in North China this year.
ABSTRACT
Our field experiments have proven that when Oncomelania snails have been fed in north-ward 33?15' north latitude regions the growth of their gonads would be inhibited and they would have lower reproductive rates. In order to further evaluate the mechanism, the gonads of Oncomelania snails fed in Jining, Shandong Province (35?23' north latitude), Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province (34?21' north latitude) and Zhengjiang,Jiangsu Province (32?10' north lati-tude ,control group) were observed in histology, histochemistry,enzyme-histochemistry and ultrastructure. The results showed the testes and the ovary of Oncomelania snails fed in Jin-ing and Xuzhou were atrophied ;the contents of glycogen,DNA and histone and the activities of cytochrome oxidase (CCO) ,5'-Nucleotidase(5'-NT) ,LDH and G-6-Pase were inhibited in the testes and ovary of these snails. But the SDH activity was elevated in the testes. The ultrastructural observation showed the number of sperm had reduced, the sperms were dena-tured in vary degrees in testes of the snail in Jining and Xuzhou.