Comportamento empoderador do enfermeiro-líder na perspectiva de técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem / Comportamiento empoderador de enfermeros líderes bajo la perspectiva de técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería / Empowering behavior of the nurse-leader from the perspective of nursing technicians and assistants

Resumo Objetivo Associar dados demográficos e laborais e o comportamento empoderador do enfermeiro-líder na perspectiva de técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem. Métodos Pesquisa transversal e correlacional realizada em hospital universitário terciário do estado de São Paulo. Participaram 260 profissionais de enfermagem de nível médio (técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem), por meio de instrumentos autoaplicáveis no período de maio a agosto de 2021. Para verificar a associação entre as classes da escala e as variáveis explanatórias, foi realizado teste qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher no programa SAS. As relações foram estatisticamente significativas se p<0,05. Resultados O perfil dos participantes predominou o sexo feminino, média de idade de 41,9 anos, trabalhadores do período diurno, carga horária de 36,7 horas e satisfeitos com o trabalho. A aplicação do instrumento Comportamento Empoderador do Líder evidenciou que o domínio com maior média de comportamento empoderador foi "trabalho significativo" e o com menor média foi "autonomia em relação à burocracia". Os auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem que trabalhavam no período diurno não possuíam outros vínculos de trabalho e estavam satisfeitos com o mesmo, além de terem observado mais o comportamento empoderador do líder. Conclusão O comportamento do enfermeiro para empoderar sua equipe, na perspectiva de técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem no hospital estudado, foi bom na maioria dos domínios, exceto no domínio "autonomia em relação à burocracia", em que foi razoável. Trabalhar no turno diurno, não ter outros vínculos e estar satisfeito com o trabalho foram aspectos de maior empoderamento.

Resumen Objetivo Asociar datos demográficos y laborales con el comportamiento empoderador de enfermeros líderes bajo la perspectiva de técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería. Métodos Estudio transversal y correlacional realizado en un hospital universitario terciario del estado de São Paulo. Participaron 260 profesionales de enfermería de nivel medio (técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería), mediante instrumentos autoaplicados durante el período de mayo a agosto de 2021. Para verificar la asociación entre las clases de la escala y las variables explicativas, se realizó la prueba ji cuadrado o exacta de Fisher en el programa SAS. Las relaciones fueron estadísticamente significativas si p<0,05. Resultados En el perfil de los participantes predominó el sexo femenino, promedio de edad de 41,9 años, trabajadores del período diurno, carga horaria de 36,7 horas y satisfechos con el trabajo. La aplicación del instrumento Comportamiento Empoderador del Líder evidenció que el dominio con mayor promedio de comportamiento empoderador fue "trabajo significativo" y con menor promedio fue "autonomía con relación a la burocracia". Los auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería que trabajaban en el período diurno no tenían otros vínculos de trabajo y estaban satisfechos con este, además de haber observado más el comportamiento empoderador del líder. Conclusión El comportamiento de los enfermeros para empoderar a su equipo, bajo la perspectiva de técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería en el hospital estudiado, fue bueno en la mayoría de los dominios, excepto en el dominio "autonomía con relación a la burocracia", que fue razonable. Trabajar en el turno diurno, no tener otros vínculos y estar satisfecho con el trabajo fueron aspectos de mayor empoderamiento.

Abstract Objective Associate demographic and work data and the empowering behavior of the nurse-leader from the perspective of nursing technicians and assistants. Methods Cross-sectional and correlational research carried out in a tertiary university hospital in the state of São Paulo. A total of 260 mid-level nursing professionals (nursing technicians and assistants) participated, using self-administered instruments from May to August 2021. To verify the association between the scale classes and the explanatory variables, a chi-square or Fisher's exact test was performed in the SAS program. Relationships were statistically significant if p<0.05. Results The profile of the participants was predominantly female, mean age 41.9 years, daytime workers, workload of 36.7 hours and satisfied with their work. The application of the Leader's Empowering Behavior instrument showed that the domain with the highest average of empowering behavior was "meaningful work" and the one with the lowest average was "autonomy in relation to bureaucracy". Nursing assistants and technicians who worked during the day did not have other work relationships and were satisfied with it, in addition to observing the leader's empowering behavior more. Conclusion Nurses' behavior to empower their team, from the perspective of technicians and nursing assistants in the studied hospital, was good in most domains, except in the domain "autonomy from bureaucracy", where it was reasonable. Working the day shift, not having other jobs and being satisfied with the job were aspects of greater empowerment.

Nurses' stress and resilience before and after evaluation for hospital accreditation / Estrés y resiliencia de enfermeros antes y después de la evaluación para acreditación de hospitales / Estresse e resiliência de enfermeiros antes e depois da avaliação para acreditação hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze and compare levels of stress and resilience in nurses before and after the assessment for maintenance of the Hospital Accreditation Certification. Methods: quantitative, observational, and longitudinal research, with 53 nurses from a philanthropic hospital, in the Rio Grande do Sul. Data collected in two stages, March, and July 2019, before the assessment visit and 60 days after, using the Bianchi Stress Scale and Resilience Scale. Descriptive and analytical statistics were employed. Results: the majority of participants showed an average stress level before and after the evaluation. The highest stress scores were related to Domains E (coordination of unit activities) and C (activities related to personnel administration). In both moments of the study, the participants had medium and high resilience. Conclusions: managing people, processes, and assistance are stressful activities in the Accreditation process and increase the nurses' stress levels.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar y comparar niveles de estrés y resiliencia de enfermeros antes y después de evaluación para manutención de Certificación de Acreditación de Hospitales. Métodos: investigación cuantitativa, observacional y longitudinal, con 53 enfermeros de hospital filantrópico, en Rio Grande del Sul. Datos recolectados en dos etapas, marzo y julio de 2019, antes de la invitación de evaluación y 60 días después. Utilizado Escala de Estrés Bianchi y Escala de Resiliencia. Empleado estadística descriptiva y analítica. Resultados: mayoría de los participantes presentaron nivel mediano de estrés antes y después de la evaluación. Mayores escores de estrés fueron referentes a Dominios E (coordinación de actividades de la unidad) y C (actividades relacionadas a administración de personal). En los dos momentos, los participantes encontraban con capacidad de resiliencia mediana y alta. Conclusiones: gerenciar personas, procesos y asistencia son actividades agotadoras en la Acreditación y elevan los niveles de estrés de los enfermeros.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar e comparar níveis de estresse e resiliência de enfermeiros antes e depois da avaliação para manutenção da Certificação de Acreditação Hospitalar. Métodos: pesquisa quantitativa, observacional e longitudinal, com 53 enfermeiros de um hospital filantrópico, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Dados coletados em duas etapas, março e julho de 2019, antes da visita de avaliação e 60 dias depois. Utilizou-se Escala Bianchi de Stress e Escala de Resiliência. Empregouse estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes apresentou nível médio de estresse antes e depois da avaliação. Maiores escores de estresse foram referentes aos Domínios E (coordenação das atividades da unidade) e C (atividades relacionadas à administração de pessoal). Nos dois momentos do estudo, os participantes encontravam-se com capacidade de resiliência média e alta. Conclusões: gerenciar pessoas, processos e assistência são atividades desgastantes no processo de Acreditação e elevam os níveis de estresse dos enfermeiros.

Planejamento de sucessão de lideranças em enfermagem: caminhos para sua elaboração / Planificación de la sucesión de liderazgos en enfermería: caminos para su elaboración / Nursing leadership succession planning: paths for elaboration

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a construção de um planejamento de sucessão de lideranças de enfermagem para uma instituição hospitalar, com base na reflexão apreciativa de enfermeiros. Método Estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa realizada com enfermeiros de um hospital público federal de ensino. A coleta de dados foi realizada em duas etapas, sendo a primeira, entrevista individual e a segunda, por mediação grupal conduzida com base no ciclo 4D e nos pressupostos da Investigação Apreciativa. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos achados. Resultados Os dados apontaram para uma equipe de diferentes gerações e altamente qualificada, preocupada com um planejamento de sucessão baseado em evidências científicas, que tenha envolvimento das equipes, e realizado, de maneira cuidadosa, para os enfermeiros em diferentes etapas da carreira profissional. Conclusão Os princípios da Investigação Apreciativa permitiram a construção de um planejamento de sucessão para potencializar ações de desenvolvimento de liderança no hospital. Nesse processo, o ambiente colaborativo entre gerações foi valorizado e um planejamento com foco na gestão participativa foi construído. Esse aspecto pode alterar, profundamente, a política interna da instituição em diversas áreas e apontar caminhos para a implementação do planejamento de sucessão em diferentes contextos.

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir la construcción de una planificación de sucesión de liderazgos de enfermería para una institución hospitalaria, con base en la reflexión apreciativa de enfermeros. Método Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, de abordaje cualitativo, realizado con enfermeros de un hospital público de enseñanza. Datos recolectados en dos etapas: la primera consistió en una entrevista individual; la segunda fue por mediación grupal dirigida en base a los ciclos 4D y los supuestos de la Investigación Apreciativa. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de los hallazgos. Resultados Los datos describieron un equipo con miembros de diferentes generaciones, altamente calificado, preocupado con una planificación sucesoria basada en evidencias científicas, con involucramiento de los equipos y realizado de manera cuidadosa para los enfermeros en distintas etapas de su carrera profesional. Conclusión Los principios de la Investigación Apreciativa permitieron construir una planificación sucesoria que impulse acciones de desarrollo y liderazgo en el hospital. En este proceso fue valorado el ambiente colaborativo entre generaciones, y se elaboró una planificación con foco en la gestión. Dicho aspecto puede cambiar significativamente la política interna de la institución en diversas áreas y señalar caminos para la implementación de la planificación de sucesiones en diferentes contextos.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the construction of a nursing leadership succession plan for a hospital based on the appreciative reflection of nurses. Method Descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach carried out with nurses in a federal public teaching hospital. Data collection was carried out in two stages. The first was an individual interview, and the second was group mediation conducted based on the 4D Cycle and the assumptions of Appreciative Inquiry. Descriptive analysis of the findings was carried out. Results The data showed a highly qualified team of different generations, concerned with succession planning based on scientific evidence, involving teams and carried out carefully for nurses at different stages of their professional careers. Conclusion The principles of Appreciative Inquiry allowed the construction of a succession plan to enhance leadership development actions in the hospital. The collaborative environment between generations was valued and planning focused on participatory management was created in the process. This aspect can profoundly change the institution's internal policy in several areas and point out ways to implement succession planning in different contexts.

Empreendedorismo Empresarial na Enfermagem: compartilhamento de experiências / Emprendimiento Empresarial en Enfermería: compartiendo experiencias / Nursing Entrepreneurship: sharing experiences

Objetivo: descrever experiências de enfermeiros empreendedores empresariais. Método: Trata-se de um relato de múltiplas experiências de enfermeiros com empreendimentos em diferentes regiões do Brasil. As narrativas das experiências foram descritas pelos autores em julho de 2021. Resultados: As experiências relatam que para o desenvolvimento de seus empreendimentos foram necessárias ações como: planejamento, dedicação, investimento em educação, preocupação permanente com as práticas baseadas em evidências científicas, conhecimento de legislação e elaboração de plano de negócios. Também foi descrito que é igualmente importante coragem de arriscar, autoconfiança, não ter medo de falhar, buscar informações, estabelecer parcerias com pessoas que são autoridades no assunto que se deseja empreender. Considerações finais: Empreender na enfermagem é buscar a transformação pessoal, profissional e da categoria, em busca de uma profissão mais forte, com mais visibilidade social em um processo em que essa transformação repercute em crescimento pessoal, valorização profissional e reconhecimento do trabalho.

Objective: to describe the experiences of entrepreneurial nurse practitioners. Method: This goal was met by listening to the different experiences lived by nurses with companies are mainly located in different regions of Brazil. The description provided by them was assessed and processed in July, 2021. Results: Some critical factors to the development of their business were identified herein, which include planning actions, dedication, investment in education, permanent seeking of practices based on scientific evidence, knowledge of legislation and development of a business plan. The participants also described that it is equally important to take risks, to have self-confidence, not to be afraid of failing, to seek information, to establish partnerships with people who are very knowledgeable in the subject that one wishes to undertake. Final considerations: becoming an entrepreneurial nurse demands a constant search for personal, professional and class transformation, as well as the pursuit of a stronger and socially visible nursing profession, in a process where this transformation has an impact on personal growth, professional valorization and work recognition.

Objetivo: describir las experiencias de enfermeros emprendedores de negocios. Método: Este es un relato de múltiples experiencias de enfermeros con emprendimientos en diferentes regiones de Brasil. Las narrativas de las experiencias fueron descritas por los autores en julio de 2021. Resultados: Las experiencias relatan que para el desarrollo de sus emprendimientos fueron necesarias acciones con planificación, dedicación, inversión en educación, preocupación permanente por prácticas basadas en evidencia científica, conocimiento de legislación y desarrollo de planes de negocios. También se describió que es igualmente importante correr el riesgo, tener confianza en sí mismo, no tener miedo a fallar, buscar información, establecer alianzas con personas que son autoridades en el tema que se desea emprender. Consideraciones finales: Emprender en enfermería es buscar la transformación personal, profesional y de categoría, en busca de una profesión más fuerte, con más visibilidad social, en un proceso donde esta transformación repercute en el crecimiento personal, la valorización profesional y reconocimiento laboral.

Seasoned Nurse Administrators Saga: In the Changing and Challenging Times

@#This research endeavored to explore, describe and document the saga of experienced nurse administrators to come up with reflective learning in nursing leadership and management. A qualitative phenomenological approach was utilized, specifically descriptive and interpretative methods of Husserl and Heidegger. Purposive sampling and referral were employed to select eight participants from the three fields of nursing administration(academe, hospital, and community) within Luzon, Philippines. An in-depth interview about the participants' experiences in nursing and nursing administration, together with a review of historical narratives and personal accounts were engaged to generate data. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and were analyzed following hermeneutic interpretive phenomenology. An integrated analysis of literature showed parallel descriptions of participants' responses and the context of historical accounts and events in nursing in the Philippines. Four main themes have emerged in the saga of Seasoned Nurse Administrators (SNAs): 1) Nurse administrators' responses according to the need and context of nursing in their times; 2) Nursing foundations and training are geared towards the values of nursing as a service profession, 3) The pathways towards becoming a nurse administrator are marked with competence in the roles undertaken and living the passion for service; 4) SNAs facing challenges are towards the improvement of life conditions, excellence in their profession, and setting advocacies to elevate the nursing profession in the country in the 21st century. A conceptual model was formulated in understanding the paths towards a seasoned nurse administrator.

Entrepreneurship in Nursing: an integrative literature review / Emprendedorismo en la enfermería: revisión integrativa de la literatura / Empreendedorismo na Enfermagem: revisão integrativa da literatura

ABSTRACT Objective: To demonstrate in the national and international literature the concept and typologies of entrepreneurship in Nursing. Method: Integrative review in six databases, with the descriptors entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurialism, intrapreneurial, iniciativa empresarial, contrato de risco, nursing, nurse, nurses, enfermagem and enfermeira, making a final sample of 31 articles. Results: The concept of entrepreneurship in Nursing is related to personal and professional characteristics, such as autonomy, independence, flexibility, innovation, proactivity, self-confidence and responsibility. The typologies found were: social and business entrepreneurship, and intrapreneurship. Social entrepreneurship is a mechanism of social mobilization and transformation, entrepreneurship is one in which nurses are autonomous professionally and intrapreneurship relates to corporate entrepreneurs. Conclusion: Entrepreneurship can increase the visibility of the profession and foster the creation of new spaces for nurses.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evidenciar en la literatura nacional e internacional el concepto y las tipologías de emprendedorismo en la enfermería. Método: La revisión integrativa en seis bases de datos, con los descriptores entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurialism, intrapreneurial, iniciativa empresarial, contrato de risco, nursing, nurse, nurses, enfermagem y enfermeira, con una muestra final de 31 artículos. Resultados: El concepto de emprendedorismo en la enfermería está relacionando a características personales y profesionales, como autonomía, independencia, flexibilidad, innovación, proactividad, autoconfianza y responsabilidad. Las tipologías encontradas fueron: emprendimiento social, empresarial e intra-empresarial. El emprendedorismo social es un mecanismo de movilización y transformación social, emprendedorismo empresarial es aquel en el cual enfermeros son autónomos profesionalmente y el intraemprendedorismo se relaciona con emprendedores empleados corporativos. Conclusión: El emprendedorismo puede ampliar la visibilidad de la profesión y fomentar la creación de nuevos espacios de actuación para el enfermero.

RESUMO Objetivo: Evidenciar na literatura nacional e internacional o conceito e as tipologias de empreendedorismo na Enfermagem. Método: Revisão integrativa em seis bases de dados, com os descritores entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurialism, intrapreneurial, iniciativa empresarial, contrato de risco, nursing, nurse, nurses, enfermagem e enfermeira, perfazendo uma amostra final de 31 artigos. Resultados: O conceito de empreendedorismo na Enfermagem está relacionando a características pessoais e profissionais, como autonomia, independência, flexibilidade, inovação, pró-atividade, autoconfiança e responsabilidade. As tipologias encontradas foram: empreendedorismo social, empresarial e intraempreendedorismo. O empreendedorismo social é um mecanismo de mobilização e transformação social, empreendedorismo empresarial é aquele no qual enfermeiros são autônomos profissionalmente e o intraempreendedorismo relaciona-se a empreendedores empregados coorporativos. Conclusão: O empreendedorismo pode ampliar a visibilidade da profissão e fomentar a criação de novos espaços de atuação para o enfermeiro.

Research progress in nursing manager succession planning / 中华医院管理杂志

This paper reviewed the present nursing manager succession planning at home and abroad, covering the succession standard of nursing managers, the content and form of pre-job training, and the evaluation tool of management ability. These efforts aim to provide references for the construction of nursing management talents teams in China.

Research progress on the core competence of head nurses / 中国基层医药

With the rapid development of economy and society and the progress of health care,the requirements of the head nurses＇core competence are also changing.The head nurse,as the manager of nursing work ,has gradually raised the requirements on the head nurse in the new era.The development of core competence is the basic requirement of the head nurse,which is of vital importance to the development of the head nurse.This paper introduces the requirements of head nurse ,the role of head nurse,the core competence of head nurse and the methods to cultivate the core competence of head nurse in the new era.

Effects of the Educational Leadership of Nursing Unit Managers on Team Effectiveness: Mediating Effects of Organizational Communication

PURPOSE: This study identifies the effects of the educational leadership of nursing unit managers on team effectiveness and the mediating effects of organizational communication satisfaction; it highlights the importance of educational leadership and organizational communication and provides the data needed to enhance the education capacity of managers. METHODS: The participants were 216 nurses working at unit with nursing unit managers of staff nurses at a tertiary hospital located in Cheongju city, South Korea, and nurses who had worked for more than 6 months at the same unit. This study was conducted using questionnaires on educational leadership, team effectiveness, and organizational communication satisfaction. Data analysis was performed with a t test, analysis of variance, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and simple and multiple regression analyses using SPSS, version 23.0. Mediation analysis was tested using Baron and Kenny's regression analysis and a Sobel test. RESULTS: The mean score for the educational leadership of nursing unit managers was 3.74 (±0.68); for organizational communication satisfaction, 3.14 (±0.51); and for team effectiveness, 3.52 (±0.49). Educational leadership was significantly positively correlated with team effectiveness and organizational communication satisfaction. Organizational communication satisfaction demonstrated a complete mediating effect on the relationship between educational leadership and team effectiveness (β = .61, p < .001) and was significant (Sobel test; Z = 7.40, p < .001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the educational leadership of nursing unit managers increases communication satisfaction among nurses; this supports the idea that educational leadership can contribute to team effectiveness. This suggests that the educational leadership and communication capacity of nursing unit managers must be improved to enhance the performance of nursing organizations.

Clinical Nurses' Perception on the Importance and Performance of Nursing Managerial Competencies / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate clinical nurses' perception on nursing managerial competencies. METHODS: This was a descriptive study. The data were collected from 198 nurse managers who had worked in six general hospitals using a self-reporting questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Importance-Performance Analysis. RESULTS: Only 32% of the participants had experienced nursing managerial competency training. The mean score for perceived performance of nursing managerial competency was lower than that for perceived importance. There were significant differences in perceived importance, performance, and importance-performance gaps among head, charge, and staff nurses. Importance-performance analysis showed that three of the 30 nursing managerial competencies require further development: staffing, human resources development and education, and nursing standard development competency. There were significant differences in importance-performance gaps according to age, career years in current hospital, work shift, position, nursing delivery system, and nursing managerial competency-education experience. CONCLUSION: A training program for developing and improving nursing managerial competencies which is focused on the gaps in importance and performance level is needed for clinical nurses. In addition, it should be considered to improve nursing work conditions such as nursing delivery system and formal appointment in order to increase the performance of nursing managerial competencies.

The basic work status of nurse administrators in Harbin comprehensive hospital / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective Through the investigation of the status quo of the nursing staff in the general hospitals in Harbin, the present situation of the nursing managers in Harbin is evaluated, which provides the basis for the medical staff management, continuing education and training direction of Harbin medical institutions. Methods The social basic demographic situation, training, work content, work pressure and strength of 150 nursing managers in the Harbin general hospital were investigated by self-designed questionnaire. Survey data using EpiData3.1 and Excel 2010 software to establish a database, input, mapping, analysis. Results The nursing management personnel basic quality was good. Generally included department based on the actual work of the complete personnel division of labor and scheduling, responsible for items, equipment, drugs, ward management, responsible for other work assigned by department, hospital care tasks. 85％(127/150) of the staff undertook the nursing management of the department and undertook clinical nursing work;62％(93/150) of nursing managers believed that work was at full load. Most care managers thought the work pressure was higher. The stress source was mainly from the tension, responsibility and workload of the patient. The training of nursing managers focused on nursing skills and professional knowledge. The training form was mainly for expert lectures, intensive teaching and practical training. There was an urgent need to strengthen training on risk management, stress management, psychology, and management knowledge. Conclusions The basic quality of nursing management personnel in Harbin comprehensive hospital is good, but there is still a gap between the requirements of the international nurses' core competence, hospital managers should attach importance to constructing systematic training system for nursing management personnel, and strengthen the construction and cultivation of core competence of nursing management.

Development of the Core Task and Competency Matrix for Unit Managers / 임상간호연구

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to develop the nursing management core task and competency matrix for hospital unit managers. The perceived level of importance and performance of identified core competencies by unit managers were also investigated. METHODS: Literature review and expert survey identified nursing management core task and competencies. Subsequently, the core task and competency matrix was developed and validated by expert panel. A survey of 196 nurse managers from 3 cities identified perceived importance and performance of core competiences. RESULTS: Thirty-eight nursing management core task and thirty-seven nursing management core competencies were identified comprising five categories; Clinical practice knowledge, Evidence-based practice, Employee development, Strategic planning and Initiative. Based on the core task and competencies, the task and competency matrix for unit managers was developed. In the analysis of importance and performance of core competencies, the mean score of importance (3.50±0.30) was higher than the mean score of performance (3.03±0.34). CONCLUSION: The development of core task and competencies for unit managers in hospitals provides a guide for the development and evaluation of programs designed to increase competence of unit managers.

Establishment and effects of the system for consumable materials distribution based on closed loop supply chain in operating room / 中华护理杂志

Objective To establish and evaluate the system for consumable materials distribution based on closed loop supply chain in operating room.Methods The system improvement team was formed and current weaknesses of distribution system were analyzed,and the system for consumable materials distribution based on closed loop supply chain in operating room was established,using forward-supply and backward-supply distribution management.The statistics about surgical materials preparation time,materials supply time,connective time,pieces of daily returned materials,rate of nurses on-site in 2015 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed to compare differences before and after application of the system.Results After application of the system for consumable materials distribution based on closed loop supply chain,surgical materials preparation time was reduced from 16.36±8.08 min to 10.33±5.75 min,materials supply time was reduced from 4.50±1.36 min to 2.98±1.03 min,connective time was reduced from 21.38±9.58 min to 19.78±7.64 min,pieces of daily returned materials were reduced from 119.47± 34.79 to 112.24±37.76,rate of nurses on-site was increased from 82.80％ to 84.90％,and all differences were significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The system for consumable materials distribution based on closed loop supply chain in operating room combines forward-supply and backward-supply,can reduce surgical materials preparation time and materials supply time,fasten connective time which improves efficiency;the system can reduce pieces of daily returned materials,reduce consumable materials wastage during logistics,ensure the safety of the consumable materials,and improve the standardized management;the system can improve rate of nurses on-site,guarantee patients' safety during surgeries,and improve nursing quality in operating room.

Influence of Nurse Managers' Authentic Leadership on Nurses' Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction: Focused on the Mediating Effects of Empowerment

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship of nurse managers' authentic leadership, with nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction. METHODS: The participants in this study were 273 registered nurses working in five University hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The measurements included the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, Condition of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, Organizational Commitment Questionnaire and Korea-Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficients, simple and multiple regression techniques with the SPSS 18.0 program. Mediation analysis was performed according to the Baron and Kenny method and Sobel test. RESULTS: There were significant correlations among authentic leadership, empowerment, organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Empowerment showed perfect mediating effects in the relationship between authentic leadership and organizational commitment. It had partial mediating effects in the relationship between authentic leadership and job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: In this study, nurse managers' authentic leadership had significant influences on nurses organizational commitment and job satisfaction via empowerment. Therefore, to enhance nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction, it is necessary to build effective strategies to enhance nurse manager's authentic leadership and to develop empowering education programs for nurses.

A Study on the Classification of Nursing Management Competencies and Development of related Behavioral Indicators in Hospitals

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to classify nursing management competencies and develop behavioral indicators for nurse managers in hospitals. Also, levels of importance and performance based on developed criteria were to be identified and compared. METHODS: Using expert survey we classified nursing management competencies and behavioral indicators with data from 34 nurse managers and professors. Subsequently, data from a survey of 216 nurse managers in 7 cities was used to analyze the importance-performance comparison of the classified nursing management competencies and behavioral indicators. RESULTS: Forty-two nursing management competencies were identified together with 181 behavioral indicators. The mean score for importance of nursing management competency was higher than the mean score for performance. According to the importance-performance analysis, 5 of the 42 nursing management competencies require further development: vision-building, analysis, change management, human resource development, and self-management competency. CONCLUSION: The classification of nursing management competencies and behavioral indicators for nurse managers in hospitals provides basic data for the development and evaluation of programs designed to increase the competency of nurse managers in hospitals

The level and influence factors of disaster nursing ability and cognitive status of nursing managers / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the level of disaster nursing ability and cognitive status of nursing manager,explore the characteristics and influencing factors,in order to provide a basis for intervention in improving the capacity of disaster nursing care.Methods 113 nursing managers were recruited by convenience sampling from a first-class ternary hospitals in Anhui province.They were investigated by a self-designed demographic data questionnair and disaster nursing and cognitive scale.Results The score of the disaster nursing ability of the nursing managers was 114.12±18.21,the mean score was 2.65±0.42,both below the medium level.Regression analysis showed that the nursing age of nurse manager,whether accepted disaster nursing training after work were the influencing factors of the disaster nursing ability of the nursing managers and explained 33.5％ of the variance.Conclusions The capacity of disaster nursing care of nurse managers is not high.The nursing age of nurse manager,whether accepted disaster nursing training after work were the influencing factors of the disaster nursing ability of the nursing managers.

Research status of organizational change leadership of the upper-and mid-level nursing manager / 中国实用护理杂志

Based on the conception analysis of the organizational change leadership of the upper-and mid-level nursing manager,this review described connovations of the organizational change leadership and its applications in nursing field at home and abroad,and pointed out the current research status,limitations and the inspirations we got,so as to provide references for promotion and evaluation of the upper-and midlevel nursing manager's organizational change leadership.

Study on status and influencing factors of psychological capital of nursing administrative personnel / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the level of psychological capital of nursing administrative personnel and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 302 nursing administrative personnel of Anhui Province were investigated with Chinese Version of Nurses Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24) and a self-designed question-naire about demographic information.Results The overall score of psychological capital was (106.23±10.67) points,and the dimension scores from high to low were selfefficacy (26.79±3.40) points,resilience (26.60±3.25) points,hope(26.56±3.55) points,and optimism(26.27±3.34) points.Multiple regression analysis showed that health?level and positions entered the regression equation,t=2.904,1.838,P＜0.05.Conclusions The overall nursing administrative personnel psychological capital is in the middle level,health level and positions were influencing factors of nurses psychological capital.It is suggested that the psychological capital should be introduced into nursing administrative field and take diversified measured to improve their psychological capital.

Tendencias y retos de enfermería en la gerencia de los servicios de salud en el ambito mundial, nacional y regional / Trends and challenges in nursing management in health services in the local, national, and global scope / Tendências e desafios na gestão de enfermagem serviços de saúde no escopo global, nacional e local

La conceptualización sobre gerencia, enfermería y tendencias, plantea retos en el ámbito mundial, nacional y local, respecto a la Gerencia de los Servicios y el papel desempeñado por el profesional de enfermería, fundamental en el desarrollo de múltiples procesos. Partiendo de las reformas que afectaron los sistemas de salud, se describen las tendencias que han originado el desarrollo de la gerencia en enfermería. Los retos de hoy y las prioridades han cambiado; los modelos de gestión se constituyen en herramientas y formas de hacer que las organizaciones y quienes en ellas interactúan, utilizan para alcanzar los objetivos para los cuales fueron diseñadas.

The conceptualization of management, nursing trends face challenges in global, national and local scope, according to the management of the Services and the nurse role, instrumental in the development of multiple processes. Based on the reforms affecting health systems, the trends described which have led to the development of nursing management. The today ´s challenges priorities have changed; management models and tools constitute forms to make organizations and people interact in them, they used them to achieve the goals which were designed for.

A conceituação de gestão, tendências de enfermagem e coloca desafios no escopo global, nacional e local, sobre a gestão dos serviços e do papel pela enfermeira, instrumental no desenvolvimento de vários processos. Com base nas reformas que afetam os sistemas de saúde, as tendências descritas que levaram ao desenvolvimento da gestão de enfermagem. Os desafios de hoje e prioridades mudaram; modelos e ferramentas de gestão constituem formas para tornar as organizações e pessoas interagem neles, usado para realizar o objetivos para os quais foram concebidos.

Confirmatory factor analysis of leadership questionnaire for nursing managers / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To analyze the structure of leadership questionnaire for nursing managers.Methods A total of 184 head nurses in Anhui were investigated with the leadership questionnaire for nursing managers.SPSS13.0 and AMOS17.0 software were used to test the reliability and validity.Results The correlations between the items and total scale ranged from 0.431-0.687(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) and the Cronbach' sα was 0.841.Single factor analysis results indicated that all factor loadings to their items were 0.542-0.782(P＜0.05).The multiple factor analysis results showed that first-order factors model and second-order factors model of leadership for nursing managers fitted well.Conclusion The leadership questionnaire for nursing managers is proved to have good psychometric characteristics and can be used to assess the leadership of nursing managers.