A rare young case of Foix Chavany Marie syndrome

Foix Chavany Marie syndrome, also called as bilateral opercular syndrome (OPS) was first described in 1837 by Magnus and further defined by Foix, Chavany and Marie in 1926 after whom it was named so. Here, we present a case of 37-year-old female, with known recurrent CVA who presented with sudden onset aphasia, dysphagia and difficulty in opening and closing her mouth and drooling of saliva. On imaging, patient was found to have ischemia of bilateral operculum.

Exposure status of multiple environmental pollutants during pregnancy: based on biomonitoring data from Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort in Shandong / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To evaluate the levels of environmental pollutants including lead, mercury, organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and triclosan (TCS) and further analyze the correlation between these pollutants in pregnant women.Methods · Pregnant women were recruited from the Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort (LWBC) in Shandong from September 2010 to December 2013. A total of 149 pregnant women were finally enrolled who completed questionnaires and provided sufficient biological samples for pollutants measurement including blood lead, blood mercury, urinary metabolites of OPs[dimethylphosphate (DMP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP), etc.], serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), as well as urinary TCS. Spearman correlation analysis and cosine cluster analysis were used to explore the correlation between pollutants. Results · The detection rates of lead, DMP, PFOA and PFOS were all 100.0％. And the detection rates of mercury, DMTP, DEP, DETP and TCS were 89.3％, 81.2％, 97.3％, 96.6％ and 59.1％, respectively. The median and range of concentrations for lead, mercury, PFOA, PFOS and TCS were 28.40 (11.30–65.70) μg/L, 0.85 (＜LOD–10.98) μg/L, 39.54 (1.16–273.68) μg/L, 4.56 (0.55–15.38) μg/L, 0.58 (＜LOD–58.01) μg/g, respectively. The median and range of concentrations for DMP, DMTP, DEP and DETP were 36.33 (0.55–1 331.04) μg/g, 2.65 (＜LOD–128.84) μg/g, 14.70 (＜LOD–585.05) μg/g, 1.84 (＜LOD–86.21) μg/g, respectively. The concentrations of DMP and DEP were generally higher than those in developed countries. The concentration of PFOA was much higher than those in foreign studies, while the concentrations of PFOS and TCS were relatively lower. Correlation analysis and cosine cluster analysis revealed that mercury was positively correlated with PFOA (r=0.36, P=0.000) and PFOS (r=0.42, P=0.000). Conclusion · The population in LWBC is widely exposed to multiple pollutants and there are certain correlations between mercury and PFASs, suggesting that attention should be paid to emerging pollutants besides traditional ones.

Exposure status of multiple environmental pollutants during pregnancy: based on biomonitoring data from Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort in Shandong / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective • To evaluate the levels of environmental pollutants including lead, mercury, organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and triclosan (TCS) and further analyze the correlation between these pollutants in pregnant women. Methods • Pregnant women were recruited from the Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort (LWBC) in Shandong from September 2010 to December 2013. A total of 149 pregnant women were finally enrolled who completed questionnaires and provided sufficient biological samples for pollutants measurement including blood lead, blood mercury, urinary metabolites of OPs[dimethylphosphate (DMP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP), etc.], serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), as well as urinary TCS. Spearman correlation analysis and cosine cluster analysis were used to explore the correlation between pollutants. Results • The detection rates of lead, DMP, PFOA and PFOS were all 100.0%. And the detection rates of mercury, DMTP, DEP, DETP and TCS were 89.3%, 81.2%, 97.3%, 96.6% and 59.1%, respectively. The median and range of concentrations for lead, mercury, PFOA, PFOS and TCS were 28.40 (11.30-65.70) μg/L, 0.85 (

J. K. Rowling y Severus Snape: dos caras de la misma moneda. Una comparación de las organizaciones de significado personal de la autora y un personaje de la octología de Harry Potter / J. K. Rowling and Severus Snape: two sides of the same coin. A comparison of personal meaning organizations of the author and a character in Harry Potter's octology

La presente investigación, tiene como objetivo la realización de un perfil psicológico de J.k Rowling y de Severus Snape, personaje de la heptalogía de libros de Harry Potter, de la autoría de Rowling. Este perfil se basa en la revisión del material cinematográfico, de la octología basada en los libros ya mencionados y en la película Magic Beyond Words, basada en la vida de J.K Rowling, además de la perspectiva de la psicología cognitiva-postracional. Dentro de los principales resultados encontrados, está el hecho que J.K. Rowling y Severus Snape tienen el mismo patrón de apego, pero no la misma organización de significado personal (OSP), debido a que Rowling es OSP obsesiva y Severus es OSP depresivo; sin embargo, por su configuración de apego evitante, sí son dos caras de la misma moneda.

This research aims to carry out a psychological profile of J.k Rowling and of Severus Snape, character from the harry potter's heptalogy books, by Rowling. This profile is based on the review of the film material of the octology based on the books already mentioned and the film Magic beyond words, based on the life of J.K Rowling, furthermore of perspective of cognitive-postrational psychology. Among the main results found is the fact that J.K. Rowling and Severus Snape have the same attachment, but not the same OSP, owing to Rowling is obsessive OSP and Severus is depressive OSP, but that for its configuration of avoidant attachment if they are two sides of the same coin.

Escala diagnóstica de Thwaites: experiencia en el Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín (Quito-Ecuador) / Thwaites diagnostic scale: experience in the Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital (Quito-Ecuador)

Introducción: La tuberculosis es un problema de salud pública. La escala diagnóstica de Thwaites es una herramienta usada para diferenciar la meningitis tuberculosa de otros tipos de meningitis bacterianas. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo en pacientes con sospecha de meningitis bacteriana realizado en el Hospital Carlos Anadrade Marín con la información de los registros médicos del sistema informático AS-400. Resultados: Estudiamos 41 casos de meningitis bacteriana no tuberculosa y 7 casos confirmados de tuberculosis. Los resultados del uso de la escala fueron: sensibilidad 88% y especificidad 88%. Razón de Verosimilitud positiva: 7.33 y Razón de Verosimilitud negativa: 0.14. Discusión: La escala de Thwaites podría ser útil para diferenciar la meningitis bacteriana piógena de la tuberculosa. Palabras clave: OMS-OPS; thwaites; LCR; Meningitis, Tuberculosis.

Introduction: tuberculous meningitis is one of the most common public health problems worldwide. Thwaites diagnostic scale is a tool used to differentiate tuberculous meningitis from other types of bacterial meningitis. Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in patients diagnosed of bacterial meningitis developed at Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital. Information was taken from the medical records stored in the AS400 system. Results: Of 48 patients studied, 41 had bacterial meningitis and seven tuberculous meningitis. The sensitivity and the specificity of Thwaites' diagnostic score were 88%. The LR+ and LR- were 7.33 y 0.14 respectively. Discusion: Thwaites' diagnostic score was found to be a useful tool to differentiate bacterial from tuberculous meningitis.

A comparative evaluation of parenting styles for children diagnosed with conduct disorder at the out-patient service (OPS) of the National Center for Mental Health (NCMH) and for students studying at Malabon High School, April-Dec 2008

OBJECTIVES: This research aimed at showing the difference in parenting style of parents whose children were out patients diagnosed with conduct disorder at NCMH (clinical group) and those of parents with children studying at Malabon high school (non-clinical group).METHODOLOGY: Using a Parenting Scale translated in Filipino, 11 respondents from each group selected purposively were made to answer a 30 item questionnaire within 10- 15 minutes. The questions were grouped according to laxness, overreactivity and verbosity with corresponding factor loading.RESULTS: There was a mean of 2.66 for laxness, 2.54 for overreactivity and 1.92 for verbosity, with a total of 4.55 for the clinical group while the non clinical group had 2.5, 2.45 and 1.74 respectively for laxness, overreactivity and verbosity with a total of 3.95. Using the T test, it was determined that both clinical and non clinical group data had equal variances; without any significant differences noted between variances.CONCLUSION: Although parenting styles in families with children diagnosed with conduct disorder was dysfunctional, there was no statistical significance compared to that of parents from the non clinical group.   

Caudal block using Ropivacaine with or without Tramadol in children for lower abdominal and lower limb surgery.

Background: Caudal anaesthesia is a useful adjunct to general anaesthesia for lower abdominal surgery in children as it provides intraoperative analgesia, smooth recovery period and good post-operative pain control which reduces Perioperative narcotic requirements. Aims & Objective: This Study was designed to evaluate duration of analgesia of Ropivacaine and Ropivacaine with Tramadol administered caudally for postoperative pain relief in children. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted in 60 paediatric patients of either sex belonging to ASA grade I or II in the age group 1 to 6 years scheduled for elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgery. Patients were randomly selected by sealed envelope method and divided into two groups of thirty patients each. Group RS received 0.2% Ropivacaine, 1 ml/kg with saline 0.04 ml/kg and Group RT received 0.2% Ropivacaine, 1 ml/kg with Tramadol 2 mg/kg by caudal route immediately after induction of general anaesthesia. Vitals and oxygen level was monitored. The analgesic effect of the caudal block was evaluated by using the observational Pain discomfort Scale and Four Point Sedation Score was used for assessment of sedation after extubation at 30 minutes and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hrs. The time for the first analgesic requirement and side effects in 24 hours period were recorded. Results: Duration of analgesia was longer in Group RT [19.21 ± 2.25 hours] as compared to Group RS [6.38 ± 0.897 hours] (p<0.01). There were no significant changes in heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation between two groups. Conclusion: Caudal Tramadol 2 mg/kg, combined with 0.2% Ropivacaine, 1ml/kg, provides longer duration of postoperative analgesia as compared to 0.2% Ropivacaine alone in children undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgery.

Effects of buflomedil and pentoxifylline on hamster skin-flap microcirculation: prediction of flap viability using orthogonal polarization spectral imaging

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of buflomedil and pentoxifylline, both of which are used in reconstructive surgery of hamster skin flap microcirculation, and evaluated the skin flap survival rate by orthogonal polarization spectral imaging. METHOD: Twenty-four adult male Syrian golden hamsters were divided into three groups: a control (C, 0.1 ml 0.9 percent saline), buflomedil (B, 3 mg/kg/day), and pentoxifylline group (P, 14.5 mg/kg/day). Treatments administered intraperitoneally were initiated 1 hour before skin flap preparation and continued for 7 days post-operatively at 12-hour intervals. Preparations (skin flaps) were divided into 12 fields, which were organized into six bands. Functional capillary density (FCD, in mm/mm²), distance from the skin flap base to blood flow cessation (Dist with flow, in cm), percentage of viable skin (VA, in percent), and qualitative analysis of blood flow by orthogonal polarization spectral imaging were performed at 1 and 24 hours and on the seventh post-operative day. RESULT: Bands IV, V, and VI presented no flow independent of time. The functional capillary density group B was higher than that of groups C and P, primarily after 24 hours. All groups showed an increase in D with time but reached similar final distances (C = 2.73, B = 2.78 and P = 2.70 cm). Moreover, the percentage of viable areas remained at approximately 50 percent. The orthogonal polarization spectral imaging was useful to assess viability by counting fields with and without blood flow. CONCLUSIONS: Functional capillary density values were higher in the buflomedil group compared to the control and pentoxifylline groups in this model. Functional capillary density did not influence D or the percentage of VA, and the technique showed favorable potential to assess/predict the viability of skin flaps within 1 h after surgery.

Progress of Bioremediation of Organophosphate / 中国生物工程杂志

Now organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) bioremediation mainly means microbial bioremediation. However, phytoremediation has an advantage over microbial bioremediation because phytoremediation is safer and costs less than microbial bioremediation. Nevertheless, phytoremediation has limitations yet such as plants need better growth conditions and the efficiency of phytoremediation is lower. All these have confined the application of phytoremediation. Progresses of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation of OPs were reviewed and OPs degrading enzymes and their organism sources, which are known by now, were summarized. Moreover, there are five important ways to enhance the efficiency of phytoremediation of OPs. They are culling plants, studying the action between soil and OPs, studying the genes that can resist or get rid of OPs, setting up the combined system of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation and using degrading enzymes secreted selectively by roots.

Rehistoriar la bioética en Latinoamérica: la contribución de James Drane / Remakin bioethiccs' history in Latin America: James Drane's contribution / Re-historiar a bioética na América Latina: a contribuição de James Drane

Este artículo presenta la persona y la obra de James Drane en su relación con la bioética en Latinoamérica. Tras un breve examen de su carrera y publicaciones, se destaca la creación de un centro de estudios en Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, legado de la filantropía de Russell B. Roth y su familia, que perpetuará el espíritu de interrogación libre y lealtad a sus principios que Drane ha mantenido a lo largo de su vida.

This article presents the person and work of James Drane in their relation to bioethics in Latin America. After a brief analysis of his career and publications, the establishment of a study center at the Edinboro University of Pennsylvania is underscored, a legacy of the late Russell B. Roth and his family, which will perpetuate the spirit of free inquiry and loyalty to his principles that Drane has kept throughout his life.

Este artigo apresenta a pessoa e a obra de James Drane relacionada com a bioética na América Latina. Após um breve exame de sua carreira e publicações, destaca-se a criação de um centro de estudo na Edinboro Univerisity na Pensilvânia (EUA), legado da filantropia de Russell B. Roth e sua família. Este centro perpetuará o espírito de livre pensador e lealdade aos seus princípios que Drane tem defendido ao longo de sua vida.

Protective effects of calpain inhibitor calpeptin on hypoxia/glucose deprivation injury in rat hippocampal slices / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate effects of calpain inhibitor calpeptin against hypoxia/glucose deprivation injury in rat hippocampal slices.Methods Forty hippocampal slices were randomly divided into two groups:Control group and calpeptin group.Calpeptin group then divided again into 1 ?mol?L-1 group,10 ?mol?L-1 group,100 ?mol?L-1 group and 200 ?mol?L-1 group according to the concentration of calpeptin in ACSF_ OGD(n=8 per group).By using electrophysiology method,changes of OPS and HIP during hypoxia/glucose deprivation process and effects of different concentration of calpeptin on it were observed.We also observed the neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal CA1 region after hypoxia/glucose deprivation and effects of different concentration of calpeptin on it.Results The HIP appearance rate and neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal CA1 region of 10 ?mol?L-1 group,100 ?mol?L-1 group and 200?mol?L-1 group significantly reduced,the OPS recovery amplitude and OPS recovery rate significantly increased,and every index among 10 ?mol?L-1 group,100 ?mol?L-1 group and 200 ?mol?L-1 group had no significant difference.Conclusion(10～200)?mol?L-1 calpeptin improved the hypoxia/glucose deprivation induced brain injury of rat hippocampal slices and the mechanism might be related to the inhibition of the neuronal apoptosis by calpeptin.

The Changes of ERG b-wave and Oscillatory Potentials in White Rats according to Dark Adaptation and Stimulus Light Intensity

Authors studied changes of ERG b-wave and oscillatory potentials(OPs) in white rats according to dark adaptation and stimulus light intensity for experimental setting. For this purpose we performed ERG tests on 10 normal white rats(20 eyes) during progressive dark adaptation. ERG b-wave and OPs values increased significantly during the first 30 minutes and then made plateau pattern. Based on this result we concluded that 30 minutes dark adaptation was sufficient for getting stable rat ERGs. After 30 minutes of dark adaptation, ERG b-wave and OPs were measured in response to 0.3J(2.25 cd.s/m2), 0.6J(6.5 cd.s/m2) , 2J(27.5 cd.s/m2) light intensity. In ERG b-wave there was no significant differene between 0.3J and 2J. In OPs between 0.3J and 0.6J, the sum of amplitude was significantly increased(p0.05). We concluded that 0.3J(2.25 cd.s/m2) was sufficient in ERG testing. And in OPs at least 0.6J(6.5 cd.s/m2) was needed for proper stimulation.