Prevalence and dietary management of polycystic ovary syndrome among Libyan women attending Tripoli Infertility Center

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common heterogenic endocrine illness in women of reproductive age, caused mostly by an excess of androgen and ovarian dysfunction. The present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of PCOS among Libyan women who attended infertility center Tripoli, Libya, from 2020-2022, evaluate hormonal profile, Body Mass Index, weight and west circumferential before and after treatment and diet management. A longitudinal cross-sectional study conducted in the Tripoli Fertility Center in Tripoli, Libya, the study population targeting output Libyan female patients who presented to the gynecology and obstetrics (OPD) department and therapeutic nutrition department. Data Retrospectively collected from 2020 until 2022 and diagnosed using Rotterdam's criteria. A total of 603 patients visited the gynecology and obstetrics department and the therapeutic nutrition department between January 2020 and December 2022. Out of which 174 women in the PCOS group and 429 in the non-PCOS group. The prevalence of PCOS was 29.56% in 2020, 37.5% in 2021, and 20.27% in 2022. The mean age of PCOS was 34.90 ± 5.5 SD, and all of the PCOS group were married. Worth to mention that all of PCOS cases was insulin resistance type. In terms of weight in the PCOS group, 19.54% were obese BMI >29, 68.96% were morbid obese with BMI >35, and approximately 68.39% of waist circumference measurements were more than 88cm. Hirsutism and oligomenorrhea were the major clinical features, morbid obese seems to be more prevalent in Libyan PCOS patients, low carbohydrate diet and physical activities may play an important role in PCOS management

Abdominal Obesity as a Risk Factor of Ischemic Stroke Incidence in Lamongan Distric, Indonesia

@#Introduction: One factor that contributes to ischemic stroke is obesity. This research aims to show a positive effect between abdominal obesity and BMI in ischemic stroke. Methods: This study used a case control design. The case group was patients who diagnosed ischemic stroke and the control group was patients who diagnosed but not as ischemic stroke (inflammatory disease, epilepsy, movement disorders and peripheral nerve disorders). The number of samples for each group is 44 which was obtained by carrying out the purposive sampling technique. Waist circumference data was obtained from waist circumference measurements using metline, while BMI is obtained by measuring the weight using TANITA brand digital scales and height using microtoise. The statistical tests used were Pearson parametric correlation test and simple logistic regression analysis. Results: There is a significant relationship between abdominal obesity and p value 0.0000 and BMI with p value 0.0260 for ischemic stroke. The probability of abdominal obesity in ischemic stroke was (1.75), and BMI was (0.794). Conclusion: someone who has abdominal obesity was 1.75 times more at risk of having an ischemic stroke, with a probability event of 85%.The best method of identifying the risk of ischemic stroke was to use the measurement of abdominal obesity.

Effect of Body Mass Index on Cardiac Autonomic Functional Status in Healthy Young Adults

Introduction: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is involvedin energy metabolism and regulation of the cardiovascularsystem. Autonomic dysfunction has been suggested tooccur in obese individuals in both adults and children but acomprehensive study of the autonomic status in young adultsis scant. So aim of the study was to evaluate and comparecardiovascular autonomic functions in young adults on thebasis of BMI.Material and methods: 150 healthy young students of MMUaged 18–25 years, divided into four groups based on BMI asper Asian criteria (underweight, normal weight, overweightand obese). Various autonomic function tests done were Lyingto Standing test, Valsalva manoeuvre, Hand grip test (HGT)and Cold pressor test (CPT).Results: The mean baseline SBP and DBP were significantlyhigher in obese subjects followed by overweight, normalweight and under weight. No parasympathetic alterationbetween different BMI groups was seen. Mean values ofresting SBP and DBP were significantly higher and bloodpressure response to HGT and CPT was significantly lower inobese as compared to normal weight subjects.Conclusion: Our study revealed an altered autonomicfunction in the form of impaired sympathetic activity withno parasympathetic modulation in obese young adults. Soweight reduction and moderate intensity aerobic exerciseprogrammes should be incorporated into daily living, whichmay delay or prevent the onset of hypertension.

Colecistectomía laparoscópica en mujeres adultas con colelitiasis sintomática vs colecistitis litiásica aguda grado I / Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in adult women with symptomatic cholelithiasis vs acute lithiasic cholecystitis grade I

Objetivo: describir las diferencias entre los pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva por colelitiasis sintomática no agudizada y los pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía temprana por colecistitis litiásica aguda grado I. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio prospective y analítico por el periodo de 12 meses. Se incluyeron pacientes femeninos de 18 a 65 años, sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica por litiasis vesicular. Se dividieron en 2 grupos, grupo 1 con pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía electiva por colelitiasis sintomática vs grupo 2 con pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía temprana por colecistitis aguda grado I. Se compraron variables edad, peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC), cintura, cadera, índice cintura/cadera, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, dislipidemia, riesgo ASA, leucocitosis, neutrófilos, tiempo quirúrgico y complicaciones presentadas. Resultados: se incluyeron 88 (61,1%) pacientes en el grupo 1 y 56 (38,9%) pacientes en el grupo 2. Se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el IMC (30,5 DE±5,6 kg/m2 vs 33,2 DE±8,2 kg/m2, p=0,037) y en el tiempo quirúrgico efectivo (58,7 DE±14,8 minutos vs 69,5 DE±27,3 minutos, p=0,009). Conclusiones: aquellos pacientes que cursan con un cuadro colecistitis litiásica aguda grado I que son sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica temprana tienen resultados similares comparados con los pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica por colelitiasis sintomática no agudizada. La obesidad determinada por IMC parece jugar un papel en el desarrollo de complicaciones como la agudización del cuadro. El tiempo quirúrgico es ligeramente mayor en el grupo de colecistitis aguda, sin embargo, este hecho parece no influir en los resultados en morbilidad..(AU)

Objective: observe differences between patients underwent to laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic non-complicated cholelithiasis and patients underwent to early cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis (grade I). Methods: prospective and analytic study for 12 months that include female patients (18-65 years old) with diagnosis of symptomatic non-complicated cholelithiasis (biliary colic) (group 1) and patients with acute cholecystitis (grade I) (group 2). Variables observed and compared were: age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist, hip, waist/hip index, arterial hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, ASA risk, leukocytosis, neutrophils, surgical time, and complications. Results: 88 (61,1%) patients were included in group 1, and 56 (38,8%) patients were included in group 2. Difference were found in BMI (30,5 DE±5,6 kg/m2 vs 33,2 DE±8,2 kg/m2, p=0,037) and surgical time (58,7 DE±14,8 minutes vs 69,5 DE±27,3 minutes, p=0,009). Conclusions: patients with acute cholecystitis (grade I) that were underwent to early cholecystectomy obtain similar results compared with patients with elective cholecystectomy for biliary colic. Obesity determined by BMI could play a special role in genesis of complications as exacerbation. The surgical time is major in patients with acute cholecystitis (grade I), but this could not be influenced in results as morbidity..(AU)

Obesity and Cecal Intubation Time

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Obesity is a much-debated factor with conflicting evidence regarding its association with cecum intubation rates during colonoscopy. We aimed to identify the association between cecal intubation (CI) time and obesity by eliminating confounding factors. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of subjects undergoing outpatient colonoscopy was conducted. The population was categorized by sex and obesity (body mass index [BMI, kg/m2]: I, <24.9; II, 25 to 29.9; III, ≥30). CI time was used as a marker for a difficult colonoscopy. Mean CI times (MCT) were compared for statistical significance using analysis of variance tests. RESULTS: A total of 926 subjects were included. Overall MCT was 15.7±7.9 minutes, and it was 15.9±7.9 and 15.5±7.9 minutes for men and women, respectively. MCT among women for BMI category I, II, and III was 14.4±6.5, 15.5±8.3, and 16.2±8.1 minutes (p=0.55), whereas for men, it was 16.3±8.9, 15.9±8.0, and 15.6±7.2 minutes (p=0.95), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: BMI had a positive association with CI time for women, but had a negative association with CI for men.

Overweight & Obesity in Children & Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Retrospective Chart Review / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: In children and adolescents, the prevalence of overweight has increased in the last 20 years. little research is available on the prevalence of obesity in children with autism spectrum disorders(ASD). The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of overweight among a clinical population of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders(ASD). METHODS: Retrospective chart review of children ages 3-18 years seen between 2012 and 2015 at a Konyang University hospital psychiatric clinic. Diagnostic, medical, and demographic information was extracted from the charts. Body mass index(BMI) was calculated from measures of height and weight recorded in the child's chart. The Center for Disease Control's BMI growth reference was used to determine an age and gender-specific BMI z-score for the children. RESULTS: In our study, children with ASD compared to non ASD group had significantly higher BMI percentiles (p=0.032). The prevalence of overweight(BMI≥85th to 95th percentiles) and obesity(BMI≥95th percentiles) was 35% and 19% respectively in children with ASD and without ASD. CONCLUSION: Despite noted limitations, our data suggest that overweight and obesity in children with ASD are more prevalent than without ASD. Longitudinal and further study is needed to examine the factors associated with obesity in this population.

Verificação e descrição do índice de sobrepeso de escolares da rede pública da cidade de Matias Barbosa / Examination and description of the index of overweight of students of the city of Matias Barbosa

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a prevalência de sobrepeso entre escolares da rede municipal de ensino do município de Matias Barbosa - MG. A amostra foi composta por 501 crianças de ambos os sexos e idade entre seis e 12 anos. Foram coletados valores referentes à massa corporal e estatura para em seguida classificar quanto ao Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) (baixo peso/eutrofia/sobrepeso). Os dados são apresentados em valores de média, desvio padrão e porcentagem, sendo o teste "t" de Student usado para analisar a média do IMC por grupo etário. Verificou-se que a prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 15,38% para o sexo masculino, 8,77% para o feminino e 12,37% para a amostra total, sendo a prevalência no sexo masculino superior a observada no feminino. Assim, conclui-se que os valores de sobrepeso observados entre os escolares de Matias Barbosa, principalmente entre os indivíduos do sexo masculino, servem como forma de alerta e indicam a necessidade de intervenção por parte das escolas pesquisadas.

The aim of this study was describe the prevalence of overweight among students of state schools from Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais. The sample consisted of 501 children from both sexes and age between 6 and 12 years. Body Mass and height were collected in order to classify the students according to the Body Mass Index (BMI) (as underweight / normal weight / overweight). The data are presented through the following values: mean, standard deviation and percentage, the Student “t” Test was used to analyze the mean of BMI by age group. It was found that the prevalence of overweight was 15.38% for males, 8.77% for the female and 12.37% for the total sample, there was a prevalence of overweight in males than that observed in females. Thus, it appears that observed values of overweight among school Matias Barbosa, especially among males, serve as a warning and indicate the need of intervention by health care professional at the researched schools.

Obesity among patients with schizophrenia, attending outpatient psychiatric clinic, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity among patients with schizophrenia and its association with the demographic profile. Methods: This is a cross sectional study. Subjects were selected using systematic sampling. Patients attending the out patient psychiatric clinic, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, who fulfilled the criteria and able to give consent were included in this study. Diagnosis of schizophrenia was made using Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) for DSM-IV. Demographic profiles of the patients were obtained and anthropometric measurements were measured and classified according to Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) of Asian population. Results: A total of 97 patients were included. The prevalence of overweight (BMI: 23.0- 27.4 kg/m2) was 39.2% (n=38), and the prevalence of obesity (BMI: >27.0 kg/m2) was 35.1% (n=34). BMI was higher among non-Chinese (Malay and Indian, p=.03) and those who had low total household income (p=.03). Sixty-two patients (63.9%) had high WC, which was associated with male (p=.003) and non-Chinese (p=.03). Conclusions: Obesity is highly prevalent among patients with schizophrenia. The risk factors for obesity include male, non-Chinese and those with low total income. The high WC among non-Chinese and male patients suggests that they are at a higher risk of developing obesity-related physical illnesses. These findings support that obesity is a common critical issue among schizophrenic patients, and it warrants serious clinical interventions.

Effect of Obesity on Physical Stamina of College Students in Weifang Medical University / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the effect of obesity on physical stamina of college students.Methods The physical stamina and obese status of 7353 college students were measured. The relationship between obese degrees and the scores of step trial, vital capacity, grip, standing long jump was analyzed.Results The male's and female's vital capacity score was obesity students > pre-obesity students > normal students > thin students ( P<0.01). The male's step trail score was the normal body weight students and pre-obesity students > obese students ( P<0.05). The male and female's standing long jump score was normal students > pre-obesity students > obesity students ( P<0.05). The male and female's grip score was obesity students > pre-obesity students > normal students > thin students ( P< 0.05 ).Conclusion The lung function and the arm power of college students are increasing with the rise of obese degrees. The heart function and breakout force are decreasing with the rise of obese degrees.

Relation between Body Size and Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer by Menopausal Status in Korea / 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: Because the breast cancer is one of the major causes of mortality among women, it is important to identify modifiable risk factors for this disease. Some reported that overweight/obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer, but the results are not consistent. Human breast cancer has different characteristics according to the status of menopause (premenopause and postmenopause). For the premenopaused women, the majority of the relevant prospective studies support an inverse relationship between body mass index and the development of breast cancer. In contrast, for the postmenopaused women, a positive relationship between body mass index and development of breast cancer has been reported in only half of prospective studies on this topic. This study was undertaken to determine the role of body size and body mass index by status of menopause in development of breast cancer in Korea using retrospective case-control study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The breast cancer cases (n=683) and controls (n=501) were recruited from January 1993 to April 1998 at the Asan Medical Center. The authors collected information on demographic, reproductive and anthropometric characteristics by interviews. Quetelets index was calculated using height and weight. Multiple logistic regression was done to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) by menopausal status, controlling age, age at first full-tenn pregnancy, age at menarche, number of parity, family history of breast cancer. RESULTS: Overall, there was a moderate, but significant association between obesity and breast cancer. Among premenopausal women, in comparison with women whose weights were less than 50 kg, the ORs for the upper quintile group of weight was 1.71 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01~2.89). The heaviest premenopausal women had a higher risk (OR=1.16, 95% CI, 1.05~1.29, P=0.005). The adjusted OR for the highest quintile of BMI relative to the lowest was 2.02 (95% CI, 1.18~3.45). Higher body mass index was significantly associated with increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer (OR=1.08, 95% CI, 1.02~1.15, P=0.006). Among postmenopausal women, higher body mass index and weight were associated with increased risk of breast cancer. In comparison with women whose weights were less than 50 kg, the OR for the upper quintile group of weight was 2.08 (95% CI, 1.064.08). The adjusted OR for the highest quintile of BMI relative to the lowest was 2.02 (95% CI, 1.02~4.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that overweight/obesity may play an important role in the incidence of premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer in Korea.