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1.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 24(supl.1): S56-S59, 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-763722

ABSTRACT

Obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a diagnostic challenge, because interaction between endoscopic and radiological methods are required. After ruling out gastro-colonic causes, we should search for small bowel vascular lesions, inflammatory disorders and malignant lesions that may cause two types of obscure GI bleeding: obscure-occult and obscure-overt bleeding. The prupose of the present review is to analyze the results of these techniques and to make recommendations regarding management and treatment of this disease.


La hemorragia digestiva de origen oscuro representa un desafío diagnóstico, donde es importante el complemento entre métodos endoscópicos y radiológicos. Luego de descartar causas gastro-colónicas, el estudio se centra en la búsqueda de lesiones vasculares, inflamatorias, tumorales, que provocan el sangrado de origen oscuro, ya sea oculto o evidente. En esta revisión se analizan los resultados de estas técnicas y se proponen algunas conductas en el enfrentamiento de esta patología.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Capsule Endoscopy , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy
2.
GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 29(4): 109-117, out.-dez. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-602450

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: verificar as indicações e os resultados do emprego da cápsula endoscópica em uma série consecutiva de pacientes, analisando-se, em especial, os casos de hemorragia de causa obscura e também a relação no momento em que o exame foi efetuado em relação à atividade de sangramento. Análises especiais ainda para os casos de exames inconclusivos, cápsulas retidas e lesões fora do delgado. Material e Métodos: 187 pacientes consecutivos submetidos ao exame do intestino delgado pela cápsula foram analisados. Utilizou-se a cápsula da empresa Given, específica para o delgado (versões M2A e PillCam SB), e as análises de imagens foram efetuadas no software específico deste método, versão 5.1. Resultados: 70,5% (132 casos) dos exames foram indicados por hemorragia de causa obscura (64 casos) ou anemia de causa obscura (68 casos). Diarreia, dor abdominal, suspeita de pólipos e outras menos frequentes foram as demais indicações. Dos 187 casos, em 124 deles observaram-se lesões, sendo 101 lesões em delgado e 23 lesões fora do delgado. Em 29,9% dos casos, a cápsula não observou lesões e, em 3,7% do total de casos, o exame foi inconclusivo. Em 5 casos (2,6%), a cápsula ficou retida. As lesões vasculares do intestino delgado representaram o diagnóstico mais frequente e, quando da análise dos casos de hemorragia em relação ao momento do sangramento, demonstrou-se um percentual de 69,5% de encontro de lesões no paciente com sangramento ativo, 77,7% no paciente com sangramento recente e 64,6% no paciente examinado fora do episódio hemorrágico. Conclusões: a hemorragia digestiva ou a anemia, de causa obscura, foi a indicação mais frequente (70,5%) do exame do delgado com a cápsula endoscópica. Na análise dos resultados em 66,3% dos exames efetuados, a cápsula demonstrou lesões, inclusive fora do delgado. As lesões vasculares foram as mais encontradas e, nos casos de hemorragia/anemia de causa obscura, a capacidade da cápsula em encontrar lesões foi maior nos pacientes que efetuaram o exame durante o episódio hemorrágico, ou logo após do mesmo, do que em pacientes nos quais o exame foi feito distante deste episódio, embora estes resultados não tivessem relevância estatística. Exames inconclusivos tiveram um percentual de 3,7% dos casos e, em 2,6% dos casos, a cápsula ficou retida em estenoses do delgado.


Objectives: to verify the indications and results of the use of endoscopy capsule in a consecutive series of patients, especially the cases of obscure bleeding cause with the moment when the examination was made (related to bleeding activity). Special analysis for the cases not conclusive yet, retained capsules and lesions out of small bowel. Materials and Methods: 187 consecutive patients underwent the small bowel examination by the capsule were analyzed. A capsule from the Given company was used, it is specific for small bowel (M2A e PillCam SB) and the analyses were made in this brand-specific software, version 5,1. Results: in the analysis it was observed that 70,5% of them (132 cases) were indicated by obscure bleeding cause (64 cases) or obscure anemia cause (68 cases). Diarrhea, abdominal pain, suspected polyps and others least often were the other indications. From the 187 cases, in 124 of them were observed lesions, 101 of them in the small bowel and 23 lesions out of it. In 29,9% of the cases the capsule did not observed lesions and in 3,7% of all cases the examination was inconclusive. In 5 cases (2,6%) the capsule was retained. Vascular lesions of the small bowel were the most frequent diagnosis, and the bleeding causes analysis, in relation to the bleeding moment, 69,5% of lesions in the patient with the active bleeding were showed, 77,7% in the patient with recent bleeding and 64,6% in the patient whose examination was out of the bleeding episode. Conclusion: gastrointestinal bleeding and/or obscure anemia cause were the most frequent indication (70,5%) of the small bowel examination with the endoscopy capsule. In the results analysis, in 66,3% of the examinations made, the capsule showed lesion(s), even out of the small bowel. Vascular lesions were the most found and in the obscure bleeding/anemia cause cases the capsules capacity to find lesions was higher in patients that did the examination during the bleeding episode or just after it, than in patients that the examination was done far from the episode. Inconclusive examinations had a percentage of 3,7 of cases and in 2,6% of cases the capsule was retained in small bowel stenosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Capsule Endoscopes , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Intestine, Small , Intestine, Small/injuries , Intestine, Small/pathology , Anemia
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