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1.
Braz. J. Anesth. (Impr.) ; 73(4): 506-509, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447627

ABSTRACT

Abstract Impediment to local anesthetic solution in the epidural space results in unsatisfactory pain relief during labor epidural. Patients with a history of back trauma and spinal instrumentation have increased rates of epidural failure due to patchy spread of local anesthetic with obliterated epidural space. Dual Epidural Catheters (DEC) can be used in such clinical scenarios with complete labor analgesia and improved patient satisfaction. We present the successful management of a parturient with vertebral fracture at risk for epidural failure and neurologic injury due to bone fragments and inserted cranial and caudal to the fractured vertebra using ultrasound to avoid neurologic sequelae.


Subject(s)
Humans , Spinal Cord Injuries , Analgesia, Epidural , Anesthesia, Epidural , Analgesia, Obstetrical/methods , Catheters , Analgesics , Anesthetics, Local
2.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 50(1): e200, Jan.-Mar. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360944

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: The duration of labor and the immediate puerperium are affected by obstetric and maternal-fetal factors. Interventions to provide obstetric analgesia may prolong the hospital stay. Objective: To characterize the procedure for obstetric analgesia and describe the time elapsed between analgesia and delivery and postpartum surveillance in healthy mothers. Methods: Observational, descriptive trial. The time elapsed between analgesia and delivery, and postpartum surveillance were measured in healthy pregnant women with vaginal delivery and a prescription of a neuraxial analgesia technique. Results: 226 patients were included. The mean time elapsed between analgesia an delivery was 4 hours (IQR 3-7). 50.7 % (n=114) received early analgesia (neuraxial technique with ≤ 4 centimeters of cervical dilatation), of which 48.2 % (n = 109) experienced a duration of analgesia until delivery longer than expected. The mean cervical dilatation at the time of the neuraxial approach was 4 centimeters (IQR 4-6) and the epidural technique was the most frequently used - 92.9 % (n = 210). The mean postpartum surveillance was 20 hours (IQR 15-27). Conclusions: Half of the patients included received early analgesia and around fifty percent of them took longer than expected in completing delivery. The postpartum surveillance time was consistent with the provisions of the Ministry of Health and with the current trend of a short postpartum surveillance aimed at early hospital discharge and the benefits thereof.


Resumen Introducción: La duración del trabajo de parto y del puerperio inmediato se afectan por factores obstétricos y maternofetales. Las intervenciones para brindar analgesia obstétrica pudieran prolongar el tiempo total de estancia hospitalaria. Objetivo: Caracterizar el procedimiento de analgesia obstétrica y describir los tiempos entre analgesia y parto y vigilancia posparto en maternas sanas. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional. Se midieron los tiempos entre analgesia y parto y vigilancia posparto en gestantes sanas, cuya vía final del parto fuera vaginal con indicación y aplicación de alguna técnica de analgesia neuroaxial. Resultados: Se incluyeron 226 pacientes. La mediana del tiempo de analgesia hasta el parto fue de 4 horas (RIC 3-7); el 50,7 % (n = 114) recibió analgesia temprana (técnica neuroaxial a ≤ 4 centímetros de dilatación cervical), de las cuales el 48,2 % (n = 109) tuvo un tiempo de analgesia hasta el parto mayor al esperado. La mediana de dilatación cervical al momento del abordaje del neuroeje fue de 4 centímetros (RIC 4-6) y la técnica epidural fue la más frecuente, 92,9 % (n = 210). La mediana de tiempo de vigilancia posparto fue de 20 horas (RIC 15-27). Conclusiones: La mitad de las pacientes incluidas recibió analgesia temprana y cerca de la mitad tardó más de lo esperado en finalizar su gestación. El tiempo de vigilancia posparto fue acorde con lo establecido por el Ministerio de Salud y con la tendencia actual de una vigilancia posparto corta que apunte a un alta temprana y sus beneficios.


Subject(s)
Pancreas Divisum
3.
Anesthesia and Pain Medicine ; : 233-240, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-715763

ABSTRACT

Neuraxial analgesia is the gold standard method for pain relief in labor. Several techniques can optimize both the initiation and maintenance of neuraxial labor analgesia. Initiation techniques such as combined spinal-epidural or dural puncture epidural may offer some advantages over standard epidural insertion. The use of ultrasound to assist with landmarking and optimizing block placement improves neuraxial success, and is particularly useful in certain patient populations. Maintaining labor analgesia with a regimen that includes background programmed intermittent boluses with a patient-controlled epidural analgesia component affords the best combination of pain relief and avoidance of undesired effects. These techniques are most effective when dilute local anesthetics with lipophilic opioids are utilized.


Subject(s)
Humans , Analgesia , Analgesia, Epidural , Analgesia, Obstetrical , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled , Analgesics, Opioid , Anesthetics, Local , Methods , Pain Management , Punctures , Ultrasonography
4.
Univ. salud ; 18(3): 556-565, sep.-dic. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-963342

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El dolor perineal posparto es un problema clínico frecuente, no abordado en profundidad en Colombia. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia, severidad y posibles factores asociados con el dolor perineal postparto en una muestra de mujeres en el Hospital La Victoria-Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo. Se evaluó el grado de dolor perineal percibido en 133 pacientes en posparto, mediante la escala análoga numérica de dolor, estando acostada, sentada, caminando y yendo al baño (micción y/o defecación), a las 12 y 48 horas postparto. Datos demográficos, del parto y recién nacido fueron tomados directamente de las historias clínicas. Resultados: Prevalencia global del dolor perineal moderado a severo 36-39,5% dependiendo de la actividad a las 12 horas del parto y entre 28-31,6% a las 48 horas. El dolor perineal se encontró asociado, en cualquiera de las actividades valoradas, con el uso de analgesia epidural durante el trabajo de parto, desgarro grado II o mayor, peso y perímetro cefálico del recién nacido. Se registra mejor efecto analgésico con dosis de acetaminofén de 3 g diarios o más. Conclusiones: El dolor perineal moderado a severo afecta a menos del 50% de las mujeres postparto vaginal; se asocia con la frecuencia y magnitud del trauma perineal. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de profundizar en el estudio del manejo analgésico más adecuado para estas pacientes.


Introduction: Postpartum perineum pain is a common clinical problem, which is not addressed in detail in Colombia. Objective: To assess prevalence, magnitude and possible factors associated with postpartum perineum pain in a sample of women in the Hospital "La Victoria-Instituto Materno Infantil", in Bogotá. Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was performed where the degree of perineum pain perceived by 133 postpartum patients was evaluated by using numerical analog scale of pain when they were sitting down, lying, walking and going to the bathroom (urination and/or defecation), at 12 and 48 hours of postpartum . Demographic, birth and newborn data were taken directly from the medical records. Results: Overall prevalence of moderate to severe perineum pain 36 to 39.5% depending on the activity at 12 hours of delivery, and since 28 to 31.6% at 48 hours after it. Perineum pain was associated, during any of the activities assessed, with the use of epidural analgesia during labor, laceration of degree II or greater, birth weight and head circumference of the newborn. Better analgesic effect of acetaminophen doses as 3 g per day or more was registered. Conclusions: Moderate to severe perineum pain affects less than 50 % of women with vaginal postpartum. It is associated with the frequency and degree of perineum trauma. The results suggest the need for further study of the most appropriate analgesic doses for these patients.


Subject(s)
Postpartum Period , Pain , Analgesia, Obstetrical
5.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 30(3): 164-7, set. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-737576

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el embarazo adolescente constituye un impacto biopsicosocial. La analgesia obstétrica mejora la satisfacción materna y el vínculo madre-hijo. Objetivo: describir las embarazadas adolescentes que recibieron analgesia epidural y la eficacia de la misma, para conocer la realidad de estas pacientes y el trabajo que realizamos en el Hospital de la Mujer. Material y método: estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, de enero de 2012 a enero de 2013. Revisamos 186 historias registrando: edad, paridad, escala verbal análoga (EVA) previo a la analgesia y a los 10 minutos, duración, parto o cesárea, complicaciones maternas, test de satisfacción, Apgar. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue de 17,3 ? 0,1 años. El 85,5% eran primigestas; 9,7% secundigestas, y 1,1% tercigestas. El 80,1% presentaban EVA de 10; 5,9% EVA de 9; 8,6% EVA de 8. A los 10 minutos, el 97,3% presentaban EVA de 0 y el 4,8% un EVA entre 1 y 4. Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el EVA al inicio y a los 10 minutos en 179 pacientes, valor p < 0,001. El 67,2% estuvieron totalmente calmadas y el 32,8% parcialmente calmadas. La duración de la analgesia presentó un promedio de 198,9 ± 8,1 minutos. El 84,9% tuvo parto y el 15,1% cesárea. No existieron complicaciones maternas graves. El 98,4% de los neonatos fueron vigorosos. Conclusiones: la mayoría de las adolescentes estaban en etapa tardía, eran primigestas y presentaban dolor severo. La analgesia del parto representó una técnica eficaz. Se requieren más estudios para evaluar el impacto sobre la vía de finalización del parto...


Subject(s)
Humans , Analgesia, Obstetrical , Pregnancy in Adolescence
6.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 40(1): 79-81, ene.-mar. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-650043

ABSTRACT

Actualmente el remifentanil es el medicamento de elección en las pacientes candidatas para analgesia intravenosa durante el trabajo de parto; sin embargo, en algunas parturientas no se consigue un adecuado control del dolor con el uso de este opioide. El presente artículo resume dos casos donde la dexmedetomidina se utiliza como coadyuvante en la analgesia intravenosa con remifentanil, con buenos resultados.


At present, remifentanil is the first choice in obstetrical patients who are candidates for intravenous analgesia during labor, although in some cases, the use of this opioid does not provide adequate pain control. This article summarizes two cases where dexmedetomidine was used successfully as an analgesic adjunct to intravenous remifentanil during labor.


Subject(s)
Humans
7.
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University ; (12): 298-304, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-839669

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of epidural neostigmine in management of labor pain. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about epidural neostigmine combined with local anesthetics or opioids (experimental group) versus local anesthetics or opioids alone (control group) in management of labor pain were retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Wanfang Database, CNKI, and CBMdisc from the date of their establishment to September 2011. The methodological quality of included RCTs was evaluated by two reviewers independently, and meta-analysis was conducted with the included RCTs using RevMan 5. 1. 4 software. Continuous variables were dealt with mean difference and 95% confidence interval(CI), and the dichotomous variables were dealt with odd ratio and 95% CI. Results We identified 4 RCTs including 282 patients. The results of meta-analyses showed that the values of visual analogue scale (VAS) were significantly lower in the experimental group compared with the control group[low dose(l-2 μg/kg or 250 μg): MD= - 1. 45, 95%CI(-2. 84,-0. 07), P=0. 04; median dose(4 μg/kg or 500 μg): MD=-2. 35, 95%CI (-3. 69, -1.02), P = 0. 000 6; high dose(6-7 μg/kg or 750 μg): MD= -21,95%CI(36. 31,-5. 69),P = 0. 007]. The adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting were not significantly different between the two groups. Moreover, epidural neostigmine seemed to have no influence on the total duration of labor or the mode of delivery (cesarean section rate or instrumental delivery rate). Apgar scores of the neonates were similar in the two groups. Conclusion The results of our analysis show that epidural neostigmine combined with local anesthetics or opioids has a stronger analgesic effect in managing labor pain whithout increasing the incidence of adverse events.

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