Occupational Burnout and Turnover Intention of Social Workers under the Context of Epidemic Prevention and Control: The Moderating Effect of Professional Self-care / 中国医学伦理学

To understand the current situation of occupational burnout, turnover intention, and professional self-care among social workers under the context of epidemic prevention and control, and the role of professional self-care in the relationship between occupational burnout and turnover intention, this study investigated 1 066 social workers in Fujian Province with Professional Self-Care Practice Scale, and the Burnout Scale. SPSS 26.0 and its PROCESS plug-in analysis were used, the results showed that the proportion of social workers with moderate and severe occupational burnout accounted for 44.22% and 29.99% respectively, the proportion with turnover intention in the past year accounted for 25.67%, and the average score of professional self-care was (22.57±5.98) points. There was a significant positive correlation between occupational burnout and turnover intention (r=0.29, P<0.01). Professional self-care of social workers was significant negatively correlated with occupational burnout (r=-0.46, P<0.01) and turnover intention (r=-0.16, P<0.01). Professional self-care played a moderating role in the relationship between occupational burnout and turnover intention (β=-0.01, P<0.05). This paper indicated that social workers had a high degree of occupational burnout and turnover intention, low level of professional self-care under the context of epidemic prevention and control, and the attention should be paid to the protective role of professional self-care.

Workplace violence and its impact on occupational burnout among healthcare workers in an infectious disease hospital / 中国职业医学

{L-End}Objective To explore the impact of workplace violence (WPV) on occupational burnout among healthcare workers. {L-End}Methods A total of 675 healthcare workers from an infectious disease hospital were selected as the study subjects using typical sampling method. The Workplace Violence in the Healthsector Country Case Studies Research Instruments: Survey Questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory 2-item were used to investigate the incidence of WPV and occupational burnout. {L-End}Results The incidence of WPV among the study subjects was 35.1%, with incidences of physical and psychological violence at 2.2% and 34.1%, respectively. The detection rates of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and occupational burnout were 25.9%, 12.6%, and 52.4%, respectively. The result of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that experiencing psychological violence, having a bachelor or master degree or higher, and having more concerns about WPV were influencing factors for emotional exhaustion (all P<0.05). Knowing the reporting process for violent incidents and having more concerns about WPV were influencing factors for depersonalization (all P<0.05). Being in a minority ethnic group, having a bachelor, a master degree or higher, experiencing psychological violence, and having more concerns about WPV were influencing factors for occupational burnout (all P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion WPV increases the risk of occupational burnout among healthcare workers. Effective measures should be implemented to reduce the incidence of WPV, decrease the level of occupational burnout, and promote the overall well-being of healthcare workers.

The correlation between occupational burnout and sleep quality among steelworkers / 中国职业医学

{L-End}Objective To analyze the correlation between occupational burnout and sleep quality among steelworkers. {L-End}Methods A total of 11 491 steelworkers from a large steel enterprise in Gansu Province were selected as the research subjects using convenient sampling method. The Burnout Questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale were used to investigate their occupational burnout and sleep quality. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of occupational burnout on the sleep quality. {L-End}Results The detection rate of occupational burnout and sleep disorder were 50.4% and 39.0%, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the level of occupational burnout and the total score of sleep quality (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.454, P<0.05). The results of hierarchical regression analysis, adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, marital status, education level, alcohol consumption, exercise, weekly working hours, seniority, work shift, noise exposure, dust exposure, and high-temperature work, showed that the score of occupational burnout was positively related to the score of sleep quality(P<0.01), explaining 16.0% of the variance in the score of sleep quality among these steelworkers. {L-End}Conclusion The detection rate of occupational burnout and sleep disorders are relatively high among the steelworkers in this enterprise. Higher levels of occupational burnout are associated with poorer sleep quality. Alleviating occupational burnout among steelworkers may contribute to improving their sleep quality.

Analyzing the influencing factors of sleep quality of coal miners in a company in Shanxi Province / 中国职业医学

{L-End}Objective To investigate the current status of sleep quality and its influencing factors among coal miners in a company in Shanxi Province. {L-End}Methods A total of 1 047 coal miners from a coal mine company in Shanxi Province were selected as the study subjects by convenient sampling method. The occupational stress, occupational burnout and sleep quality of the study subjects were investigated using Occupational Stress Core Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Scale. {L-End}Results The detection rates of occupational stress, occupational burnout, sleep disorder were 58.9%, 59.1% and 57.9%, respectively. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education level, alcohol consumption, work shift, duration of dust-exposure, phase of respiratory symptoms, self-assessment of health, occupational stress and occupational burnout were independent influencing factors of sleep disorders in the coal miners (all P<0.05). Among them, the risk of sleep disorders in drinkers was higher than that in non-drinkers (P<0.05); the risk of sleep disorders was higher in miners working in a rotating work shift with two shifts than in those with three shifts (P<0.05); the higher the education level, the longer the duration of dust-exposure, the more serious the phase of respiratory symptoms, the worse the self-assessment of health, the higher the degree of occupational stress and the higher the degree of occupational burnout, the higher the risk of sleep disorders (all P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion The incidence of sleep disorders in coal miners in this company is relatively high. Occupational stress, occupational burnout, education level, alcohol consumption, work shift, duration of dust-exposure, respiratory symptoms and health status are risk factors for sleep disorders in coal miners.

Professional burnout and patient safety culture in Primary Health Care / Agotamiento profesional y cultura de seguridad del paciente en la Atención Primaria de Salud / Esgotamento profissional e cultura de segurança do paciente na Atenção Primária à Saúde

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the association between the risk of occupational exhaustion (burnout) and safety culture in Primary Health Care. Methods: ross-sectional study conducted in 18 Primary Health Care Units in the Northeast of Brazil. Three questionnaires were used: sociodemographic, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: seventy-eight healthcare workers participated, of which 64.1% presented a reduced risk of burnout; and 11.5%, a high risk (p=0.000). The following were identified as weakened dimensions of safety culture: Work pressure and pace; Owner, managing partners, leadership support; Overall ratings on quality; and Overall rating on patient safety. Conclusions: an association was found between low risk of developing burnout syndrome and positive evaluation of safety culture.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la relación entre riesgo de agotamiento profesional (burnout) y cultura de seguridad en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio transversal realizado en 18 Unidades Básicas de Salud del Noreste brasileño. Fueron utilizadas tres encuestas: sociodemográfica, Maslach Burnout Inventory y Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. El estudio fue aprobado por Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: participaron 78 trabajadores de salud, de los cuales 64,1% presentaron riesgo reducido de burnout; y 11,5%, elevado riesgo (p=0,000). Fueron identificadas como dimensiones de debilidades de la cultura de seguridad: Presión en el trabajo y ritmo; Apoyo de gestores, administradores y líderes; Evaluación global de la calidad; y Evaluación global de la seguridad del paciente. Conclusiones: constatada relación entre bajo riesgo de desarrollo del síndrome de burnout y evaluación positiva de la cultura de seguridad.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a associação entre risco de esgotamento profissional (burnout) e cultura de segurança na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado em 18 Unidades Básicas de Saúde do Nordeste brasileiro. Foram utilizados três questionários: sociodemográfico, Maslach Burnout Inventory e Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: participaram 78 trabalhadores de saúde, dos quais 64,1% apresentaram risco reduzido de burnout; e 11,5%, elevado risco (p=0,000). Foram identificadas como dimensões fragilizadas da cultura de segurança: Pressão no trabalho e ritmo; Apoio de gestores, administradores e líderes; Avaliação global da qualidade; e Avaliação global da segurança do paciente. Conclusões: constatou-se associação entre baixo risco de desenvolvimento da síndrome de burnout e avaliação positiva da cultura de segurança.

Occupational burnout analysis of border guards in the background of COVID-19 / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To analyze the occupational burnout status and its influencing factors of border guards in the prevention （ - ）Methods and control of coronavirus disease COVID 19 . A total of 1 313 border guards who participate in the prevention and control of epidemic diseases were selected as research subjects using the random cluster sampling method. Military Occupational Burnout Scale and Military Occupational Stress Scale were used to investigate the occupational burnout status and Results occupational stress in the research subjects. The median and 25th and 75th percentiles of military occupational （ ， ） （ ， ）， burnout and occupational stress total scores were 9.0 3.0 15.0 and 76.0 70.0 86.0 respectively. About 73.1% of the subjects were suffered from high occupational stress. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the higher the scores of interpersonal relationship, military special life, work pressure, unclear role and leadership ability factor in P occupational stress, and the lower the score of personal development, the more serious the occupational burnout (all <0.05 ) ， after excluding the influence of confounding factors; subjects with panic psychology inconvenience caused by closed ， management fear on accountability for poor prevention and no personal hobbies had more serious occupational burnout than （ P ） Conclusion - ， subjects without those factors all <0.05 . In the period of COVID 19 prevention the level of occupational burnout and occupational stress of border guards were generally low. The occupational burnout was mainly affected by occupational stress and fear of the epidemic.

Alterações psíquicas em profissionais da enfermagem pertencentes ao grupo de risco para complicações da COVID-19 / Psychic changes in nursing professionals belonging to the risk group for complications of COVID-19

Introdução: a pandemia ocasionada pela COVID-19 tem impactado nas rotinas de trabalho das equipes de enfermagem. O grau de mortalidade e gravidade é modificado de acordo com a faixa etária, sendo de maior a prevalência em pessoas com 60 anos ou mais e portadores de outras comorbidades como diabetes, doenças cardiocirculatórias, gestantes de alto risco e imunossuprimidos, sendo estes classificados como grupo de risco. Com o aumento de casos, o afastamento de profissionais da saúde que fazem parte de grupos de risco não foi possível. Com isso, esses indivíduos continuaram nas suas rotinas de trabalho, convivendo com o medo frente à doença, vulneráveis às alterações psíquicas, como os Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores (DPM) e a síndrome de burnout. Objetivo: analisar as implicações das alterações psíquicas do trabalhador de enfermagem pertencente aos grupos de risco e atuantes na pandemia da COVID-19 em quatro hospitais públicos referência no atendimento da doença no Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: estudo transversal, multicêntrico, com 845 profissionais de enfermagem de quatro instituições do Sul do Brasil. Foram incluídos enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem atuantes na assistência hospitalar durante o período da Pandemia pela COVID-19. Como critério de exclusão, foi considerado o afastamento da função durante todo o período, ou, maior parte do tempo, da Pandemia da COVID-19. A pesquisa obteve parecer favorável do Certificado de Apresentação para Apreciação Ética (CAAE) sob n°. 33105820.2.0000.0008. Os participantes do estudo receberam o Termo de Consentimento Livre Esclarecido disponibilizado de forma on-line. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto a outubro de 2020, via questionário on-line. Todos os trabalhadores com vínculo ativo e que tiveram seu contato disponibilizado foram convidados para participar do estudo via e-mail e/ou contato via redes sociais, utilizando amostragem nãoprobabilística. Para a avaliação, foi aplicado o instrumento Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ 20) e o Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: 25,3% pertencem ao grupo de risco. Esses trabalhadores apresentaram maiores médias nos escores de Desgaste Emocional e Despersonalização (p<0,05) e maiores percentuais de DPM (55,2%) em relação aos trabalhadores que não pertencem ao grupo de risco. Os DPM apresentaram a maior influência negativa sobre a Realização Profissional (10,0% desta variabilidade). DPM, uso de medicações, impacto na saúde mental e fazer parte das instituições HA, HB e HC apresentaram maior influência sobre o Desgaste Emocional (38,7% desta variabilidade). A Despersonalização foi influenciada pelas variáveis DPM, impacto na saúde mental e fazer parte das instituições HA e HB (23,1% desta variabilidade). Conclusão: os resultados obtidos evidenciam que 55,2% dos trabalhadores do grupo de risco estavam expostos aos DPM. O grupo de risco apresentou maiores escores de desgaste emocional e despersonalização para síndrome de burnout. Os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir para discussão sobre os trabalhadores de enfermagem atuantes na assistência hospitalar, inseridos no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 e expostos a fatores estressantes com possibilidade de ocasionar alterações psíquicas no exercício da profissão.

Introduction: the pandemic caused by COVID-19 has impacted the work routines of nursing teams. The degree of mortality and severity is modified according to the age group, with a higher prevalence in people aged 60 years and over and with other comorbidities such as diabetes, cardiocirculatory diseases, high-risk pregnant women and immunosuppressed women, who are classified as a group of risk. With the increase in cases, the removal of health professionals who are part of risk groups was not possible. Thus, these individuals continued in their work routines, living with fear of the disease, vulnerable to psychological changes, such as Minor Psychic Disorders (MPD) and burnout syndrome. Objective: analyze the implications of changes in psychic nursing workers belonging to risk groups and working in pandemic COVID-19 in four public referral hospitals in the care of the disease in Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: crosssectional, multicenter study, with 845 professionals of nursing at four institutions in southern Brazil. Nurses, technicians and nursing assistants working in hospital care during the period of the Pandemic by COVID-19 were included. As an exclusion criterion, the absence from the function during the entire period, or, most of the time, of the COVID-19 Pandemic was considered. The research obtained assent from the Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appreciation (CAAE) under no. 33105820.2.0000.0008. Study participants received the Informed Consent Form available online. Data collection took place from August to October 2020, via an online questionnaire. All workers with active employment and who had their contact available were invited to participate in the study via email and/or contact via social networks, using non-probabilistic sampling. For the evaluation, the instrument Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ 20) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were applied. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: 25.3% belong to the risk group. These workers had higher averages in Emotional Burnout and Depersonalization scores (p<0.05) and higher percentages of MPD (55.2%) compared to workers who did not belong to the risk group. MPD had the greatest negative influence on Professional Fulfillment (10.0% of this variability). MPD, use of medications, impact on mental health and being part of the HA, HB and HC institutions had the greatest influence on Emotional Burnout (38.7% of this variability). Depersonalization was influenced by the variables MPD, impact on mental health and being part of the HA and HB institutions (23.1% of this variability). Conclusion: the results obtained show that 55.2% of workers in the risk group were exposed to MPD. The at-risk group had higher emotional burnout and depersonalization scores for burnout syndrome. The results of this study can contribute to the discussion of nursing workers working in hospital care, inserted in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and exposed to stressful factors with the possibility of causing psychological changes in the exercise of their profession.

Relación entre niveles de proteína c-reactiva y Síndrome de Burnout en médicos de postgrado / Relationship between c-reactive proteins and burnout syndrome in postgraduate physicians / Relação entre os níveis de proteína c-reativa e a síndrome de burnout nos médicos pós-graduação

Introducción. El Síndrome de Burnout afecta mundialmente a más de 100,000,000 personas, con prevalencia entre 47 y 76% en médicos residentes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la relación entre el Síndrome de Burnout y los niveles de proteína C-reactiva ultrasensible en médicos residentes de un hospital universitario en Caracas, Venezuela. Metodología. Estudio transversal y descriptivo. El instrumento de recolección de datos, así como el test Maslach Burnout Inventory, fueron enviados en formato electrónico. Posteriormente, se seleccionó dos submuestras, a quienes se les determinó la concentración de proteína C-reactiva ultrasensible Resultados. La muestra inicial fue de 174 residentes, de los cuales 57 (32.8%) presentaban Burnout. Los residentes positivos para la presencia del síndrome tenían niveles más elevados de proteína C-reactiva ultrasensible (>0.50mg/dl) (р=0.001) con respecto al grupo sin Burnout. Igualmente, los residentes de género femenino (р=0.046), aquellos que dormían menos de 8 horas al día (р=0.032) y que estaban sometidos a estrés familiar (р=0.036) presentaron una asociación estadísticamente significativa para desarrollar el síndrome de bornout. Finalmente, se evidenció cómo los residentes de menor edad tenían mayores puntajes en la subescala despersonalización (p=0.036). Discusión. El estrés crónico (entre ellos el Síndrome de Bornout) puede activar de manera continua ejes fisiológicos estresores (hipotálamo-hipófisis- suprarrenal y simpático-adrenal); conllevando a la producción de citosinas y proteínas de fase aguda (como proteína C-reactiva ultrasensible), promoviendo un estado proinflamatorio en el individuo y el desarrollo de patologías crónicas. Conclusiones. El síndrome de bornout y las variables sociodemográficas/laborales representan una condición de estrés crónico que pueden asociarse entre sí y conducir al desarrollo de distintas enfermedades a largo plazo. Cómo citar. González-Moret YA, Guzmán Cuárez NE. Relación entre niveles de proteína c-reactiva y síndrome de burnout en médicos de postgrado. MedUNAB. 2020;23(3): 423-433. doi: https://doi.org/10.29375/01237047.3870

Introduction. Burnout Syndrome affects over 100,000,000 people worldwide, with a prevalence of between 47% and 76% in resident physicians. This project's objective is to determine the relationship between Burnout Syndrome and ultrasensitive C-reactive protein in resident physicians in a university hospital in Caracas, Venezuela. Methodology. Cross-sectional and descriptive study. The data collection tool, as well as Maslach Burnout Inventory test, were sent digitally. Two sub-samples were subsequently collected, whose concentration of us ultrasensitive C-reactive protein was determined. Results. The initial sample was 174 residents, of which 57 (32.8%) had Burnout. Residents who tested positive for the syndrome had higher levels of us-CRP (>0.50mg/dl) (р=0.001) with respect to the group without Burnout. Moreover, female residents (р=0.046), those who slept less than 8 hours every day (р=0.032) and those who were subject to family stress (р=0.036) demonstrated a statistically significant association with developing Burnout Syndrome. Finally, it was evident how younger residents had higher scores on the Depersonalization Subscale (p=0.036). Discussion. Chronic stress (among which is burnout syndrome) can continuously activate physiological stress axes (hypothalamic-pituitary-suprarenal and sympathetic-adrenal), which leads to producing cytosines and acute-phase proteins (such as ultrasensitive C-reactive protein), promoting a proinflammatory state in individuals and the development of chronic pathologies. Conclusion. Burnout Syndrome and sociodemographic/work variables represent a chronic stress condition and can be related to each other. They may lead to developing various long-term diseases. Cómo citar. González-Moret YA, Guzmán Cuárez NE. Relación entre niveles de proteína c-reactiva y síndrome de burnout en médicos de postgrado. MedUNAB. 2020;23(3): 423-433. doi: https://doi.org/10.29375/01237047.3870

Introdução. A Síndrome de Burnout afeta mais de 100 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, com uma prevalência de 47-76% em médicos residentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a relação entre a síndrome de burnout e os níveis de proteína C-reativa ultrassensível em médicos residentes de um hospital universitário em Caracas, Venezuela. Metodologia. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo. O instrumento de coleta de dados, assim como o teste Maslach Burnout Inventory, foram enviados em formato eletrônico. Posteriormente, foram selecionadas duas subamostras, nas quais foi determinada a concentração de níveis de proteína C-reativa. Resultados. A amostra inicial foi de 174 residentes, dos quais 57 (32.8%) apresentaram Burnout. Os residentes positivos para a presença da síndrome apresentaram níveis mais elevados de níveis de proteína C-reativa (> 0.50mg/dl) (р = 0.001) em comparação com o grupo sem Burnout. Da mesma forma, residentes do sexo feminino (р = 0.046), aqueles que dormiam menos de 8 horas por dia (р = 0.032) e aqueles que foram submetidos a estresse familiar (р = 0.036) apresentaram uma associação estatisticamente significativa para o desenvolvimento da síndrome de burnou. Por fim, evidenciou-se que os residentes mais jovens apresentaram escores mais elevados na subescala de despersonalização (p = 0.036). Discussão. O estresse crônico (incluindo a síndrome de burnout) pode ativar continuamente os eixos fisiológicos dos estressores (hipotálamo-hipófise-suprarrenal e simpático-adrenal), levando à produção de citocinas e proteínas de fase aguda (como níveis de proteína C-reativa), promovendo um estado pró-inflamatório no indivíduo e o desenvolvimento de patologias crônicas. Conclusão. A síndrome de burnout e as variáveis sociodemográficas/laborais representam uma condição de estresse crônico que podem estar associadas entre si e levar ao desenvolvimento de diferentes doenças a longo prazo. Cómo citar. González-Moret YA, Guzmán Cuárez NE. Relación entre niveles de proteína c-reactiva y síndrome de burnout en médicos de postgrado. MedUNAB. 2020;23(3): 423-433. doi: https://doi.org/10.29375/01237047.3870

Síndrome de Agotamiento Profesional y Trabajadores Penitenciarios Peruanos. Una Mirada Cualitativa a los Factores Institucionales y Sociales / Professional Burnout Syndrome and Peruvian Prison Workers. A Qualitative Study of Institutional and Social Factors / Síndrome do Esgotamento Profissional e Trabalhadores Penitenciários Peruanos. Um Olhar Qualitativo Sobre os Fatores Institucionais e Sociais

Resumen El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cualitativa a nivel nacional acerca de los factores institucionales y sociales asociados al Síndrome de Agotamiento Profesional (SAP) y al estrés laboral en trabajadores penitenciarios peruanos. Se realizaron 21 entrevistas a autoridades del Instituto Nacional Penitenciario del Perú (INPE) y 12 grupos focales con 59 trabajadores de las áreas de tratamiento y seguridad, de diez establecimientos penitenciarios (EP) a nivel nacional. Se encuentran como factores institucionales y sociales principales: (a) variables políticas y económicas estructurales de instituciones públicas, (b) relaciones interpersonales laborales, y (c) percepción del interno/a. Finalmente, se enfatiza en la comprensión multidimensional del SAP donde se incorporen en el análisis aspectos políticos, sociales y subjetivos. De manera particular, el artículo aporta en cómo la percepción de los internos, desde los trabajadores penitenciarios, podría estar impactando en la prevalencia del sap y los objetivos institucionales.

Abstract The article presents the results of a nationwide qualitative research project on the institutional and social factors associated with Occupational Burnout Syndrome and job stress in Peruvian prison officers. 21 interviews were carried out with authorities from the National Penitentiary Institute of Peru (INPE) and 12 focus groups that included 59 workers from the treatment and security areas of ten penitentiaries at the national level. The main institutional and social factors identified were: (a) structural political and economic variables pertaining to public institutions, (b) interpersonal job relations, and (c) perception of inmates. The article argues for a multidimensional understanding of Burnout Syndrome that incorporates political, social, and subjective aspects into the analysis, and places special emphasis on how prison workers' perception of inmates might be influencing the prevalence of PBS and the institutional objectives.

Resumo O artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa qualitativa em nível nacional sobre os fatores institucionais e sociais associados à Síndrome do Esgotamento Profissional (SEP) e ao estresse laboral em trabalhadores penitenciários peruanos. Foram realizadas 21 entrevistas com autoridades do Instituto Nacional Penitenciário do Peru (INPE) e 12 grupos focais com 59 trabalhadores das áreas de tratamento e segurança, em dez presídios (ep), em nível nacional. São apresentados os principais fatores institucionais e sociais: (a) variáveis políticas e económicas estruturais das instituições públicas, (b) relações de trabalho interpessoais e (c) percepção do interno(a). Finalmente, enfocou-se a compreensão multidimensional da SEP, em que aspectos políticos, sociais e subjetivos são incorporados à análise. Em particular, o artigo mostra como a percepção que os trabalhadores penitenciários têm dos reclusos pode causar impacto na prevalência da SEP e nos objetivos institucionais.

Occupational burnout of vaccination personnels in Haining / 预防医学

Objective @#To understand the current situation and influencing factors of occupational burnout among vaccination personnels in Haining.@*Methods @#The vaccination staffs of all vaccination clinics in Haining were investigated by the general questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for job burnout of vaccination personnels. @*Results @#A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed and 158 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective rate of questionnaires was 98.75%. A total of 91 vaccination staffs suffered from occupational burnout,accounting for 57.59%. Among them,the median（inter-quartile range）of the scores of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and personal achievement were 13.00（14.00）,4.00（6.00）and 26.50（17.00）,respectively,which were all lower than the normalized scores（22.19,7.12 and 36.53,P<0.05）. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that having confidence in vaccination was a protective factor for emotional failure（OR=0.175,95%CI：0.058-0.523）and low sense of achievement（OR=0.272,95%CI：0.079-0.937）in vaccination personnels;having experience in adverse event following immunization（AEFI）was a risk factor for depersonalization（OR=3.125,95%CI：1.472-6.633）and occupational burnout（OR= 2.391,95%CI：1.189-4.807）in vaccination personnels. @*Conclusion @#A certain proportion of vaccination staffs in Haining suffered from occupational burnout. The experience of AEFI was a risk factor for their occupational burnout.

Occupational Burnout and Related Factors in Rehabilitation Therapists / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To investigate the occupational burnout status of rehabilitation therapists in medical institutions and analyze relat-ed factors. Methods From December, 2015 to February, 2016, a total of 264 rehabilitation therapists, selected with random cluster sampling method, were investigated with Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) in Bengbu, China. Results The detection rate of ther-apist burnout was 81.1%, and the average score was (3.13±1.07). There were significant differences in the score of occupational burnout and its three dimensions (P0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the gender, age, marital status, educational background, professional title, shift work, job demand, job autonomy, social support, de-mand-autonomy ratio and income levels were the factors related with occupational burnout. Conclusion Rehabilitation therapists generally feel occupational burnout. It is different with demographic characteristics and working conditions.

The effect of effort-reward imbalance at work on the professional attitude of doctors in public hospitals / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective: To explore the effects of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) at work on the occupational burnout, job satisfaction and turnover intention of doctors in public hospitals. Methods: By using self-designed questionnaires to in-vestigate job attitude, this paper adopts a stratified random sampling method to select 1910 doctors from public hospitals in Jinan, Weifang and Dezhou cities based on the level of economic development in Shandong province. The data are ana-lyzed using descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, etc. Results: The effort-reward imbal-ance at work exists in the surveyed public hospitals. The job effort of doctors is 1. 39 ± 0. 37 times higher than job reward. The effort-reward imbalance at work has positive predictive effects on occupational burnout, negative predictive effects on job satis-faction, and positive predictive effects on turnover intention. Conclusions:Public hospital administrators should improve the ef-fort-reward ratio of doctors in order to stabilize doctors' professional attitude at work and enhance their morale.

Investigation on Doctors Occupational Safety and Risk Prevention and Control Mechanism---Taking Beijing Middle-aged and Young Medical Workers as Example / 中国医学伦理学

Objective:To define doctors professional risk connotation , the scientific judgment doctors profes-sional risk fact , seek medical professional risk guard against and dissolve the long -term mechanism , maintaining safety and legitimate rights and interests of the doctor′s body and mind .Methods:Using doctor -patient relation-ship as the research background , adopts the questionnaire survey , through the survey data analysis of the correla-tion between the doctor-patient relationship and the doctor professional risk , on the basis of the young workers , for example , the empirical research doctors professional risk existing conditions and the reality .Results:The doctor-patient relationship nervous career anxiety and unease , doctor of job burnout and the harm done by the profession itself, complicated medical environment cannot effectively solve the doctor occupational safety crisis , institutional arrangements and the prevention and control mechanism is not reasonable career crisis .Conclusion:The govern-ment should strengthen the professional risk management system design and the prevention and control institutions and hospitals to strengthen the construction of professional risk management and prevention and control system , the doctor should promote occupational consciousness of risk prevention and control and doctor -patient communication ability, the society should strengthen professional risk management and the prevention and control of environmental regulation .

Correlations between occupational burnout and humanistic care ability of the nurses in our hospital / 现代临床护理

Objective To study current situations of occupational burnout and humanistic care ability of the nurses in our hospital and explore the relationship between them. Method Nursing burnout scale (NBS) and caring ability inventory(CAI) were adopted in the investigation among 542 nurses in our hospital. Results The total score on the nursing burnout of the nurses of my hospital was 96 to 214, with an average of (155.04 ± 17.01). The burnout among 245 of them (45.20%) was in mild to moderate degree and that among 155 of them (28.60%) in a severe level. The score on humanistic care ability was 94 to 253 with an average of (178.14 ± 23.66). The ability among 46.31%of them was at a middle level and that among 25.46%of them at a low level. The occupational burnout of the nurses was negatively correlated with their humanistic care ability as well as with its three dimensions of cognition, courage and patience (P<0.01). Conclusions The occupational burnout can be alleviated by reducing the pressure in their caregiving practice. Their humanistic care ability can be enhanced by improving humanistic care nursing education and bettering humanistic care system.

Esgotamento entre profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde / Burnout Syndrome in Primary Health Care Professionals

O esgotamento profissional (EP) caracteriza-se por exaustão emocional, despersonalização, e baixa realização profissional, podendo ocorrer entre profissionais da saúde. Este artigo avalia o EP entre trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) em três municípios de pequeno porte da Zona da Mata Mineira. O estudo analisa a associação por regressão logística entre EP, aspectos socioeconômicos, demográficos e aspectos do trabalho. Um total de 149 profissionais foi selecionado, destes, 107 responderam a todos os questionários. Para mensurar o EP, foi utilizado o Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) e, para a caracterização dos profissionais, foi utilizado outro questionário segundo três diferentes questões: aspectos individuais, sociodemográficos e área de cobertura da equipe. Foram classificados 101 profissionais com indicação positiva para EP. As variáveis presentes no modelo de regressão logística backward stepwise, associadas positivamente com indicativo de esgotamento profissional foram: possuir idade inferior à mediana da população (> 29,5 anos) e fazer uso de medicamentos "calmantes, tranquilizantes e remédios para dormir". Os resultados contribuem para identificar fatores associados com o esgotamento profissional e apontam, neste sentido, para a necessidade de investigações mais detalhadas.

Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low occupational performance, which may occur among health professionals. This article evaluates burnout among workers in Primary Health Care (PHC) in three small towns in the Zona da Mata Mineira. The study analyzes associations by logistic regression between burnout, socioeconomic, and demographic aspects of work. A total of 149 professionals were selected, 107 of these responded to all questionnaires. To measure burnout, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used and to characterize the professional, a questionnaire assessing three different issues - namely individual and sociodemographic aspects and team area coverage - was used. 101 professionals were classified with positive indication for burnout. The variables present in the backward stepwise logistic regression model positively associated with indicative of burnout were: being younger than the population average (> 29.5 years) and use of drugs, including sedatives, tranquilizers and sleeping pills. The results contribute to the identification of factors associated with burnout and therefore highlight the need for more detailed investigation.

A Meta-analysis of the psychosocial factors affecting Chinese nurse' occupational burnout / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To deeply investigate the psychosocial factors affecting Chinese nurse occupational burnout.Methods An online literature search was carried out in China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals and Wanfang database to collect relevant articles.CMA2.0 was used to analyze the fifty literatures which satisfied the uniform inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results (1)On emotional exhaustion and depersonalization,passive coping styles had moderate positive effect,neuroticism had high positive effect,work stress had low positive effect; active coping styles,self-efficiency,social support and extroversion had low negative effect.Psychotics and lying had positive or negative moderate effect on depersonalization respectively.(2)On personal accomplishment,self-efficiency had high positive effect,active coping styles,lying and subjective support had moderate positive effect,neuroticism,psychotics and work stress had small negative effect,passive coping styles had no effect.(3)Self-esteem had no significant relationship with occupational burnout.Conclusions Nurse's occupational burnout resulted from psychosocial factors,including coping style,self-efficiency,personality,social support and work stress.

The status of occupational burnout among doctors in west China and its relationship with work-family conflict / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the current situation of occupational burnout of doctors in west China and to explore the relationships among burnout,social support and work-family conflicts.Methods 611 doctors in west China were assessed by Chinese Maslach burnout inventory( CMBI),social support rating scale(SSRS) and work-interference-with-family and family-interference-with-work questionnaire.Results 14.1％ of the doctors in west China got high scores on emotional exhaustion(EE),49.4％ of them high scores on depersonalization(DP) and 33.1％ high scores on reduced personal accomplishment (RPA) ; 27.3％ experienced mild burnout,43.7％ moderate burnout and 3.3％ severe burnout.Doctors who had worked for 5 ～ 10 years and those for 11 ～ 20 years experienced greater EE.Those doctors with bachelor or master degree and intermediate or senior titles got highest level of depersonalization.Doctors in second-class hospitals got highest scores of depersonalization,and those who worked in first-class hospital experienced the highest sense of achievement.Logistic regression analysis showed that social support was a protective factor for burnout,but the conflict between work and family was a risk factor.Conclusion The status of occupational burnout among the doctors in west China is in a grave condition,the balance between family and work,and social supporting is crucial for doctors to resist the occupational burnout.

The interaction model of social capital , health, occupation burnout, turnover intention and the related influence factors on nurses / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To explore the interaction model of social capital, mental health,occupational burnout, turnover intention and the related influence factors on nurses. Methods By random cluster sampling, investigated 723 nurses with Nurses' Turnover Intention Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Social Capital Questionnaire and Chinese Health Questionnaire, then explored the interaction model by path analysis. Results Nurses' position can influence their social capital(the path coefficient was 0. 124), social capital and occupational turnout can influence nurses' mental health(the path coefficient were -0. 231,0. 151), the mental health and occupational turnout both can influence nurses' turnover intention directly(the path coefficient were 0. 088,0. 151 ), the model is acceptable(CMIN/DF 1. 645, GFI 0. 984, AGFI 0. 966, IFI 0. 941, CFI 0. 937, RMSEA 0. 037).Conclusion Social capital can provide a new perspective for nurses' management, developing the social capital resources can relieve nurses' mental problems effectively; relieving the turnout and mental problem can decrease nurses' turnover intention finally.

The study on the relationship of occupational burnout and coping style among general practitioners / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the status of occupational burnout among general practitioners (GPs) and explore the relationship between coping style and burnout. Methods 243 GPs were assessed by Chinese Maslach burnout inventory(CMBI) and simple coping style questionnaire. Results 36.6% of GPs experienced mild burnout, 26.8% moderate burnout, and 3.3% severe burnout; 11.5% of GPs got high scores on emotional exhaustion(EE), 44.9% subjects got high scores on depersonalization(Dp) and 43.6% subjects got high scores on reduced personal accomplishment (RPA). Male GPs experienced greater personal accomplishment than female. Among technical post, subjects with senior technical post scored higher on Dp. The condition of occupational burnout among subjects in north Jiangsu was more serious. GPs with seniority of 5 to 9 years seemed to be more prone to occupational burnout. The coping style of GPs had obvious correlation with occupational burnout. Conclusion The status of occupational burnout among GPs is serious. To prevent and cure occupational burnout, more attention should be paid to female, senior technical post GPs and'persons with seniority of 5 to 9 years. And taking positive coping style can reduce GPs' occupational burnout.

Síndrome de Burnout em trabalhadores de saúde em um hospital de média complexidade / Sindrome de Burnot en trabajadores de salud en un hospital de media complejidad / Burnout Syndrome among health workers in a medium-complexity hospital

Burnout é definida como uma síndrome característica do meio laboral, que surge como resposta ao estresse ocupacional crônico. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar sinais e sintomas da síndrome de Burnout em trabalhadores de saúde de um hospital público de média complexidade de Londrina-PR, no período de julho de 2008 a março de 2009. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um instrumento autoaplicável, estruturado e constituído das principais variáveis dependentes da síndrome de Burnout, criado por Christine Maslach, Califórnia – EUA, e validado para uso no Brasil por Benevides-Pereira, em 1986. A amostra foi composta por 160 trabalhadores, sendo que 33,8% e 26,9% destes apresentaram, respectivamente, alto grau de exaustão emocional e despersonalização e 30% manifestaram baixa realização profissional. Os resultados obtidos revelam uma porcentagem significativa de trabalhadores que apresentaram sinais e sintomas da síndrome de Burnout, contribuindo para uma queda na qualidade de vida e saúde do trabalhador.

Burnout is defined as a typical workplace syndrome that appears in response to chronic occupational stress. This study aimed to identify signs and symptoms of burnout in health personnel at a medium-complexity public hospital in Londrina, Paraná State, Brazil, from July 2008 to March 2009. Data were collected using a self-administered, structured instrument contemplating the main dependent variables of burnout syndrome, created by Christine Maslach, California, USA, and validated for use in Brazil by Benevides-Pereira in 1986. The sample consisted of 160 health workers, 33.8% and 26.9% of whom, respectively, displayed a high degree of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and 30%, low job satisfaction. These results show that a significant percentage of workers had signs and symptoms of burnout, contributing to a decline in their quality of life and health.

Burnout es definida como un síndrome característico del medio laboral, que surge como respuesta al estrés ocupacional crónico. Se tuvo como objetivo identificar señales y síntomas del síndrome de Burnout en trabajadores de salud de un hospital público de media complejidad de Londrina, PR, Brasil, entre julio de 2008 y marzo de 2009. Para colecta de datos fue utilizado un instrumento autoaplicable, constituido de las principales variables dependientes del síndrome de Burnout, creado por Christine Maslach, Califórnia – EUA, y validado para uso en Brasil por Benevides-Pereira, en 1986. La muestra fue compuesta por 160 trabajadores, de los cuales 33,8% y 26,9% tenían, respectivamente, un alto grado de agotamiento emocional y despersonalización y 30% tenían baja satisfacción laboral. Los resultados obtenidos revelan un porcentual significativo de trabajadores que presentaron señales y síntomas del síndrome de Burnout, contribuyendo para una caída en la calidad de vida y salud del trabajador.