ABSTRACT
Objective: To understand the relationship between female breast cancer and occupational risk factors in Beijing, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention strategies and measures. Methods: From June to December 2019, A 1: 1 case-control study was adopted, eight medical institutions in Beijing were selected as the research objects. Patients with breast cancer diagnosed by medical institutions were selected as case group and non breast cancer patients in the same medical institution as control group. A total of 973 subjects were included, including 495 in the case group and 478 in the control group. A one-to-one survey was conducted using a questionnaire uniformly compiled by the Beijing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The survey content mainly includes basic demographic characteristics and occupational risk factors. The Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) was used to investigate the corresponding methods, including two aspects: positive coping and negative coping. First, chi square test or Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for univariate analysis. Then Lasso regression was used to screen the risk factors of breast cancer. Finally, the risk factors were screened by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Education lovel was 49.64%, body mass index (BMI) was 18.4~23.9 kg/m(2), accounting for 48.82%, marital status ws 84.48%. Compared with no night shift history, there was a significant increase in risk of breast cancer at night shift history (OR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.25~2.30, P<0.05) . Compared with most of the sitting posture and sometimes standing, the risk of breast cancer was increased, and the difference was statistically significant (OR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.40~2.90, P<0.05) . Conclusion: In the occupation risk factors, night shift work and working posture are related to the incidence of breast cancer in women, establishing a good schedule and avoiding long standing can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of breast cancer.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Beijing , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Logistic Models , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Lower-limb varicose veins (VVs) are common and known to have a higher prevalence among people who work in occupations requiring prolonged standing. In the Republic of Korea, however, VV-related occupational factors have seldom been examined. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of VVs among nurses, an occupational group considered to be at high risk of VVs, and determine the occupational risk factors of prolonged standing. METHODS: Between March and August 2014, a questionnaire survey coupled with Doppler ultrasonography was conducted on the nurses working at a university hospital. RESULTS: A total of 414 nurses participated in the survey and diagnostic testing. From the survey analysis and test results, the prevalence of VVs in nurses was estimated to be 16.18%. Significant factors for venous reflux were age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.10], pregnancy (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.17–3.94), and delivery (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.08–3.78). The statistical significance of these factors was verified after risk adjustment for sociodemographic factors (OR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.27–9.09). CONCLUSION: Factors significantly associated with venous reflux were increasing age and prolonged working hours (≥ 4 hours) in a standing position (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.08–7.25), even after risk adjustment for sociodemographic factors. This study is significant in that an objective diagnosis of VVs preceded the analysis of the risk factors for VV incidence, thus verifying objectively that VVs are associated with occupations requiring prolonged hours of working in a standing position.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Incidence , Occupational Groups , Occupations , Posture , Prevalence , Republic of Korea , Risk Adjustment , Risk Factors , Ultrasonography, Doppler , Varicose VeinsABSTRACT
Dados los múltiples cambios en las organizaciones actuales la investigación de los riesgos psicosociales se hace cada vez más decisiva para la prevención y promoción de la salud en el trabajo. El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo describir las condiciones de trabajo de los conductores de locomoción colectiva, los riesgos psicosociales a los que están expuestos y su relación con indicadores de salud general y mental. Se trata de un estudio correlacional de tipo transversal en el que participaron 234 conductores de locomoción colectiva urbana del centro sur en Chile. Se midieron antecedentes sociodemográficos, laborales y de salud, así como condiciones de riesgo laboral y riesgos psicosociales, a través de los instrumentos SUSESO-ISTAS 21 versión corta, SRQ-20 y un cuestionario elaborado para la presente investigación. Los resultados indican presencia de al menos tres factores psicosociales en un nivel de riesgo mediano y alto para la salud. Se detectó la presencia de antecedentes laborales de riesgo, tales como la cantidad de horas de trabajo semanales, el tipo de contrato de trabajo y la duración de recorrido, así como la exposición a episodios de violencia y percepción de riesgo por manejo de dinero en efectivo. Se encontró correlación entre todas las dimensiones de riesgo psicosocial, sintomatología ansioso depresiva y al menos un problema de salud. De acuerdo a las implicancias de los resultados obtenidos en la salud de trabajadores del transporte urbano, es necesario prevenir y mitigar el impacto de los riesgos psicosociales en la población que se desempeña en este rubro.
As there have been multiple changes in organizations, the study of psychosocial risk factors has become increasingly crucial in order to promote and improve a healthy workplace. The aim of this study was to describe psychosocial risks in public transportation drivers and their relationship with general health. A sample of 234 public transportation drivers from an urban area in Chile was surveyed about working conditions and workplace psychosocial risk factors, using the SUCESO ISTAS-21 scale, SQR-2 and a health questionnaire. Results suggest the presence of occupational risk factors such as the number of weekly working hours, type of work contract and the duration of the route, as well as exposure to violent incidents and the risk of handling cash. We also detected the presence of at least three psychosocial factors representing medium to high risks levels for general health. Correlations were found between all psychosocial risk dimensions, depressive and anxiety symptoms and at least one health problem. The implementation of preventive measures is necessary in order to prevent and reduce the risk of psychosocial risk factors in this population.
ABSTRACT
El síndrome de ojo seco tiene una prevalencia en la población española de aproximadamente el 11 % y su impacto en el mundo laboral se asocia a formas de trabajo con uso creciente de pantallas y dispositivos electrónicos, condiciones medioambientales de modernos diseños de oficinas y despachos y exposición laboral a radiaciones ionizantes, productos químicos o polvo ambiental. Revisamos los factores de riesgo asociados con este síndrome en el mundo del trabajo y en torno a la legislación preventiva española, en la que las actuaciones en salud laboral se desarrollan en los servicios de prevención de riesgos, y se destacó la aptitud laboral del trabajador afectado y su posible consideración como trabajador especialmente sensible a determinados riesgos laborales. Las actuaciones consensuadas, precoces y coordinadas entre médicos del trabajo, técnicos y especialidades clínicas implicadas, especialmente la Oftalmología, permitirá prevenir y controlar más eficazmente esta patología de forma más eficaz, cuanto más precoz.
Dry eye syndrome is a condition whose prevalence in Spanish population is around 11 % and with an impact on the labor world associated with new ways of working, with increasing use of screens and electronic devices, environmental conditions encountered in modern designs in offices, with changes in air exchange and variations in ambiental humidity and occupational exposure to ionizing radiation, environmental chemicals or dust. We review the risk factors associated with the syndrome of dry eye in the labor world around Spanish preventive legislation. The occupational health actions must be carried out within the preventive service, with special relevance in Occupational Health assessment of fitness of the worker concerned and possible consideration as a worker especially sensitive to certain occupational hazards. The implementation of actions agreed, coordinated early and occupational physicians, safety technicians and clinical specialties involved, among which ophthalmology, will prevent and control this disease more effectively.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To analyze occupational risk factors onto Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD) staff caused by actual working conditions and provide correspondingly protective measures.METHODS Take actions,such as circulating the air inside working site,eliminating contamination which brought into by biological and chemical methods,and avoiding physical fatigue etc,which summarized by practical study and analysis on the(various) factors during daily work routine,e.g.physical factor,chemical factor,biological factor and psychological factor.RESULTS All methods mentioned in this article could improve self-protection awareness of CSSD staff and(enhance) the physical condition of staff as well as reduce pollution on environment.CONCLUSIONS For preventing the threats of occupational risk factors,it′s critical to reduce or eliminate the negative factors in CSSD.