ABSTRACT
The application of intraocular drug delivery is usually limited due to special anatomical and physiological barriers, and the elimination mechanisms in the eye. Organic nano-drug delivery carriers exhibit excellent adhesion, permeability, targeted modification and controlled release abilities to overcome the obstacles and improve the efficiency of drug delivery and bioavailability. Solid lipid nanoparticles can entrap the active components in the lipid structure to improve the stability of drugs and reduce the production cost. Liposomes can transport hydrophobic or hydrophilic molecules, including small molecules, proteins and nucleic acids. Compared with linear macromolecules, dendrimers have a regular structure and well-defined molecular mass and size, which can precisely control the molecular shape and functional groups. Degradable polymer materials endow nano-delivery systems a variety of size, potential, morphology and other characteristics, which enable controlled release of drugs and are easy to modify with a variety of ligands and functional molecules. Organic biomimetic nanocarriers are highly optimized through evolution of natural particles, showing better biocompatibility and lower toxicity. In this article, we summarize the advantages of organic nanocarriers in overcoming multiple barriers and improving the bioavailability of drugs, and highlight the latest research progresses on the application of organic nanocarriers for treatment of ocular diseases.
Subject(s)
Drug Carriers , Delayed-Action Preparations , Drug Delivery Systems , Nanoparticles/chemistryABSTRACT
Due to the complex of the ocular structure, the treatment of the posterior eye segment neovascular diseases has been a hot and difficult point in the field of ophthalmic disease and correspongding drug research. The clinical treatment methods for this kind of diseases, such as intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs, are usually costly and have potential side-effects. Researchers have explored a series of treatment methods with better patient compliance, higher drug concentration in the posterior eye segment and better therapeutic effect. In order to research and develop the ideal drugs for the treatment of the posterior eye segment neovascular diseases, we review the main challenges and the advances in drug delivery for the treatment of this kind of diseases in this paper.