ABSTRACT
@#film quality and the quantity of secretion. This low quality of tear secretion can lead to the rapid breakup of tears. In recent times, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of dry eye has increased. Relevant studies found that the prevalence of dry eye is higher in females than males. This research work is based only on symptoms of dry eye disease in Malaysia to determine its prevalence among students at the UCSI University KL campus because of the increase in reported cases of dry eyes especially post Movement Control Order (MCO). Methods: A total of 199 students, ranging in age 17 to 30, were included in this research. This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Demographic questionnaires and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) results were collected. Results: On the UCSI KL Campus, students who suffer from dry eye are 82% of the population. The Pearson Chi-Square test showed a significant difference between gender and dry eye, X2 (1, N= 199) = 8.64, p < 0.0033. Female students are more likely to develop dry eye than male students. Conclusion: The prevalence of dry eyes among UCSI students is high. This could be attributable to prolonged or improper mask-wearing. It is suggested that researchers and health policymakers should take heed to these emerging risk factors related to wearing of mask.
ABSTRACT
Background: The multitude of ocular health problems has raised in recent times due to increased use of computers. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to compare the visual acuity and ocular symptoms between computer users and non-users among young adults in Lucknow. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 370 students after obtaining Ethical Committee approval. Samples were collected using convenience sampling as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. In a validated self-administered questionnaire, demographic information, computer usage patterns, and accompanying visual symptoms were documented. Values of parameter were collected using Snellen’s chart. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, 16.0 version was used for data analysis. Two sample t test will be used to relate between the quantitative variables. Results: A total of 370 study subjects were included in this study. About, majority of the participants (54%) were males, the participants were males accounting for a total of 54%. The age of the participants ranged from 15 to 40 years with a mean of 26.86 years. Average uses of screen time by computer user and non-user were 2.30 ± 0.90 and 10.60 ± 0.75, respectively. About 39% students suffering with eye strain which was major ocular symptom in the study followed by 30.8% watery eye. Conclusion: This study concludes that the use of a computer for an extended period of time without any physical activity can lead to eyesight problems and lower efficiency.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Use of LED based devices is increasingsubstantially in recent years, however, these devices couldhave an adverse effect on ocular health. Study aimed toevaluate the relationship between direct exposure to LED andocular symptoms.Material and Methods: The data was collected from secondaryschool students studying in a girls’ college at Bareilly duringan eye camp organized by Muskaan Foundation. Only girlshaving known intact vision (BCVA 6-6/6-9) were enrolledin the study. A total of 536 girls were enrolled in the study.Average daily direct exposure <3-4 hours was categorized asunexposed while those having >3-4 hours daytime or 1-2 hrsor more night time exposure were categorized as exposed. Theexposed girls were divided into day exposed and night exposedrespectively. Ocular symptoms were noted. Chi-square testand ANOVA were calculated using SPSS 21.0 software.Results: Mean age of girls was 17.02±1.42 (Range 15-19)years. A total of 298 (55.5%) had direct exposure to LED.Prevalence of ocular symptoms like headache, pain in eyes,blurring, floaters, burning sensation and eye fatigue was34.3%, 34.1%, 26.3%, 24.3%, 41.6% and 39% respectively.Total No. of symptomatic girls was 387 (72.2%) A significantincrease in ocular symptoms was observed from unexposed todaytime and to night exposed girls (p<0.001). Mean numberof total symptoms also showed a significant increasing trendfrom unexposed to nighttime exposure (p<0.001).Conclusion: Direct LED light exposure for a substantialperiod, particularly during night time is detrimental to ocularhealth.
ABSTRACT
Ciprofloxacin is a commonly used fluoroquinolone group of antimicrobial which is used for treating infective conditions like community acquired pneumonia and urinary tract infections. A patient of cataract was treated with ciprofloxacin eye drop as her pre-operative medication. She presented after four days with itching and redness in her right eye with swelling of the peri-orbital skin. We report this rare case where topical application of ciprofloxacin was responsible for the ocular symptoms.
ABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the clinical characteristics of patients withclinical features of patients with neuromyelytis opica and spectrum of neuromyelytis opica(NMOSD) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO).Methods With a retrospective study,From February 2013 to September 2016,a total of 72 NMO patients in Navy General Hospital for diagnosis and treatment were selected as the NMO the NMO group and the other 72 patients of NMOSD patients were selected as the NMOSD group.The results of two groups of patients with general demographic data,ocular symptoms,spinal cord and brain MRI,influence NMO-IgG were recorded.Results There were no significant differences in gender and age compared between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The clinical characteristics,frequency and duration in the NMOSD group compared to the NMO group were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).In the NMOSD group,there were 8 patients who were decreased vision,4 patients were visual field defect,3 patients were discoloration,5 patients were diplopia.While in the NMO group,32 patients were decreased visual acuity,14 patients were visual field defect,12 patients were color vision,21 patients were diplopia.There were statistically significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).In the NMOSD group,there were 8 patients were MRI of the spinal cord were normal,64 patients were abnormal and 32 patients of brain lesions in the head MRI.In the NMO group,MRI of the spinal cord were all abnormal,and there were 28 patients were brain lesions in the head MRI.The serum positive rate of NMO group was 41.7％,and the serum positive rate of NMOSD group was 59.7％.The sensitivity of AQP4-Ab antibody to NMO was 44.4％,the specificity was 75％,the sensitivity of AQP4-Ab was 61.1％,and the specificity of NMOSD was 75％.Conclusion The NMOSD is more with female patients,the first symptom is more with the spinal cord that the gray matter involvement in the spinal cord,and the performance of complex,NMO-IgG antibody can be used as a support for NMOSD diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Background: Today computers are main and rapid source of information exchange and have become an indispensible piece of office equipment. As a result the computer users are increasing many folds with every passing year. Purpose: To assess the magnitude of ocular problems faced by computer users. Design: An observational study was conducted on people working for at least two hours or more per day on computer. Materials and methods: Individuals were assessed for their work related symptoms on a preset questionnaire and accordingly were classified into asymptomatic and symptomatic. Symptomatics were further divided into occasional, frequent or everyday symptoms. Results: Of 913 computer users of age group 16 to 40 years, 65.27% were males and 34.72% were females. 81.48% suffered from ocular symptoms of which 68.01% had occasional symptoms, 19.48% had frequent symptoms and 12.5% had regular symptoms. The symptoms were more pronounced in individuals working >6 hours on a computer. Conclusion: Ocular symptoms in computer users are directly proportional to the number of work hours on computer. Therefore proper knowledge of working on computers should be given to all as it will increase the work efficiency.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To assess the effectiveness and tolerability of GenTeal® gel in post-menopausal patients with moderate to severe dry eye. Methods: This was an open label, multicenter, non-comparative, non-interventional, observational study in post-menopausal women patients of age 39-82 years with moderate to severe dry eye. The patients were treated with GenTeal® gel for 20 weeks and assessed for effectiveness at baseline, 10-12 weeks and at 20 weeks. The primary effectiveness outcomes were changes in ocular symptoms (foreign body sensation, itching, burning, watering, photophobia, feeling of dryness in the eye), tear break up time (TBUT), Schirmer, fluorescein corneal staining score and global assessment for efficacy on dry eye condition. The secondary objective of the study was to evaluate ocular tolerance and systemic safety of the product. Results: A total of 169 out of 170 enrolled patients completed the study. At 20 weeks of treatment, the median composite ocular symptoms scores was reduced by 78% from baseline (median; 2.0 vs 9.0 of baseline, p<0.0001). All ocular symptoms except photophobia were significantly reduced (p<0.05) at 20 weeks of treatment. At 20 weeks, TBUT and schirmer scores were significantly increased by 39.9% and 48.6% respectively (p < 0.0001); while fluorescein staining cumulative score was significantly decreased (100.0%, p < 0.0001) from their baseline. The overall efficacy and ocular tolerability of GenTeal® gel, was ‘good’ to ‘excellent’ for >98.0% of the subjects. Adverse events of mild dyspepsia and frequent micturition of moderate intensity were reported by a subject. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that GenTeal® gel treatment is an effective and tolerable treatment for dry eye in post-menopausal women patients in Indian clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy , Dry Eye Syndromes/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Ocular Physiological Phenomena , Ophthalmic Solutions/administration & dosage , Ophthalmic Solutions/pharmacology , Postmenopause , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing , Tears , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Backround and Objectives: Mucocele of the paranasal sinuses could be developed as secondary to trauma, tumor or surgical manipulation. This study was conducted to investigate clinical eatures of paranasal sinus mucocele following endoscopic sinus surgery and to determine the effect of endoscopic wide marsupialization for the treatment of mucocele. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with paranasal sinus mucocele who were diagnosed and surgically treated at Seoul National University Hospital from Nov. 1996 through Dec. 2002 were retrospectively analyzed by their medical records and radiological imaging. RESULTS: The most common chief complaint of patients with mucocele were ocular symptoms including periorbital swelling, proptosis and headache. Previous sinus operation, especially endoscopic sinus surgery was the most common cause of mucocele, which developed at mean period of 50 months after surgery. Most commonly involved sinuses were ethmoid and frontal sinuses. Thirty-three out of 35 patients underwent endoscopic wide marsupialization of the mucocele cavity, and the other two patients were treated via external approaches. No recurrence was observed until mean followup of 33 months. CONCLUSION: One should suspect the possibility of mucocele recurrence if a patient complains of ocular symptoms several years after endoscopic sinus surgery. Meticulous operation and postperative treatment, and regular followup are needed for patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery because of a possible development of mucocele as a late complication. Although transnasal endoscopic wide marsupialization for the treatment of mucocele showed safe and good results, long term follow-up data is needed to establish it as the gold standard for treatment of paranasal sinus mucocele.