Dependencia al uso de celular de los profesionales de un hospital de Pucallpa / Dependence on the use of cell phones by health professionals in a hospital in Pucallpa / Dependência do uso de celulares por profissionais de um hospital de Pucallpa

El uso del teléfono móvil por el personal de salud se ha vuelto cotidiano tanto en la vida social como en el ámbito profesional, el cual es utilizado sin restricciones o cuidados para desinfectarlos y, por lo tanto, constituyen una fuente de contaminación para infecciones intrahospitalarias. Además, los celulares son manipulados constantemente por parte del personal de salud sin que reciban una adecuada desinfección luego de su uso, por lo que pueden contaminarse con bacterias presentes en la piel y manos (flora transitoria y flora residente). OBJETIVO: medir el nivel de dependencia al uso de celular de los profesionales de un hospital de Pucallpa. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: investigación de diseño no experimental, de nivel descriptivo, ya que describe la dependencia al uso de celular de los profesionales de salud del Hospital Regional de Pucallpa en el 2021; de tipo transversal, por la medición de la variable en un solo momento; y prospectivo; la muestra estuvo conformado por 212 profesionales de salud del Hospital Regional de Pucallpa. Se aplicó un cuestionario con alternativas múltiples y asignación de valor. RESULTADOS: el 59,4% (126) de ellos calificaron con poca dependencia; el 32,1% (68) de ellos calificaron como muy dependiente; y el 8,5% (18) calificaron como nada dependiente. CONCLUSIONES: las características sociodemográficas que predominan son: el género femenino (69.8%); el grupo etario de 41 a más años (59.4%); el servicio donde laboran es emergencia (18.9%), y de estado civil casado (49.1%). Respecto a la dependencia al uso de celular, más de la mitad (59,4%) califican con poca dependencia.

The use of cell phones by health care personnel has become a daily occurrence in both social and professional life, which is used without restrictions or care to disinfect them and, therefore, constitutes a source of contamination for intrahospital infections. In addition, cell phones are constantly handled by health personnel without adequate disinfection after use, so they can be contaminated with bacteria present on the skin and hands (transient flora and resident flora). OBJECTIVE: to measure the level of dependence on the use of cell phones by professionals in a hospital in Pucallpa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: research of non-experimental design, of descriptive level, since it describes the dependence to cell phone use of health professionals of the Regional Hospital of Pucallpa in 2021; of transversal type, by measuring the variable in a single moment; and prospective; the sample consisted of 212 health professionals of the Regional Hospital of Pucallpa. A questionnaire with multiple alternatives and value assignment was applied. RESULTS: a total of 59.4% (126) of them qualified with little dependence; 32.1% (68) of them qualified as very dependent; and 8.5% (18) qualified as not dependent at all. CONCLUSIONS: the predominant sociodemographic characteristics were: female gender (69.8%); age group 41 years or older (59.4%); the service where they worked was emergency (18.9%), and marital status was married (49.1%). Regarding dependence on cell phone use, more than half (59.4%) rated their dependence as low.

O uso de telefones celulares pelos profissionais da saúde tornou-se uma ocorrência diária na vida social e profissional, e é utilizado sem restrições ou cuidados para desinfectá-los, constituindo assim uma fonte de contaminação por infecções nosocomiais. Além disso, os telefones celulares são constantemente manuseados pelo pessoal de saúde sem desinfecção adequada após o uso, e podem, portanto, ser contaminados por bactérias presentes na pele e nas mãos (flora transitória e residente). OBJETIVO: para medir o nível de dependência do uso de telefones celulares entre os profissionais de um hospital em Pucallpa. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: projeto de pesquisa não experimental, descritivo, pois descreve a dependência do uso de telefones celulares por profissionais de saúde no Hospital Regional de Pucallpa em 2021; transversal, pois a variável foi medida em um único momento; e prospectiva; a amostra consistiu de 212 profissionais de saúde no Hospital Regional de Pucallpa. Um questionário com múltiplas alternativas e atribuição de valores foi aplicado. RESULTADOS: 59,4% (126) deles qualificados como não muito dependentes; 32,1% (68) deles qualificados como muito dependentes; e 8,5% (18) qualificados como não dependentes em absoluto. CONCLUSÕES: as características sociodemográficas predominantes são: sexo feminino (69,8%); faixa etária de 41 anos ou mais (59,4%); o serviço onde trabalham é de emergência (18,9%), e estado civil casado (49,1%). Em relação à dependência do uso de telefones celulares, mais da metade (59,4%) classificou-a como de baixa dependência.

Role of On-cells and Off-cells in the rostral ventromedial medulla in pain modulation / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

The rostral ventromedial medulla is one of the key structures in descending pain modulation system. It receives inputs from the thalamus, the periaqueductal gray, and parabrachial nucleus, and sends descending projections through the dorsolateral funiculus and ventrolateral funiculus to the spinal dorsal horns. The rostral ventromedial medulla is thought to be the final relay in descending modulation of pain. The neurons in this region can be classified into On-cells, Off-cells and Neutral cells according to the changes in the firing activity before tail flick. This review mainly focuses on pain modulation functions and potential analgesia mechanisms of On-cells and Off-cells.

Effect of 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 combined with mechanical strain treatment on proliferation, differentiation, and expression of OPG and RANKL in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the effect of 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3 (VD3) or mechanical strain alone and their combined treatment on proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro, as well as gene and protein expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-кB ligand (RANKL) in those cells. Methods MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with 10 nmol/L VD3, intermitted mechanical strain or with a combination of these two factors. Cell proliferation was assessed with flow cytometry, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured using a fluorometric detection kit. The mRNA expression of ALP, runt-related transcriptional factor 2 (Runx2), OPG, and RANKL genes was determined by real-time PCR. The proteins expression of Runx2, OPG, and RANKL was determined by Western blotting. ResultsVD3 inhibited the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, but the mechanical strain had no effect on cell proliferation. Mechanical strain, VD3, and the combined treatment enhanced the ALP activity of MC3T3-E1 cells as well as the protein expression of Runx2. The effect of combined treatment was less pronounced than the effect of VD3 or mechanical strain alone. Mechanical strain promoted the gene and protein expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and increased the ratio of OPG/RANKL. However, the combination of VD3 and mechanical strain led to a decrease in ratio of OPG/RANKL. Conclusions Mechanical strain might be effective in inducing osteogenic differentiation and increasing bone formation. A joint stimulation with VD3 and strain can decrease proliferation and osteogenic differentiation and increase RANKL expression, which might affect bone remodeling. This study supplies some new data, which might be important in theoretical and clinical research of osteoporosis (OP) and other related bone diseases.

Inhibitory Effect of Tea Polyphenols in Combination with Anti-tumor Drugs on Cell Proliferation of the Multiresistant HNE-1 Cell Line / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To study the joint action of tea polyphenols and common anti-tumor drugs(vincristine,pingyangmycin,5-Fu,cisplatin) in inhibiting cell proliferation of the multiresistant HNE-1(200) cell line in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiographic exposure.METHODS: The low toxic dosage of tea polyphenols and 4 kinds of anti-tumor drugs were optimized by MTT method.Then the inhibition ratio of multiresistant HNE-1(200) cell line treated by tea polyphenols and anti-tumor drugs waere detected.RESULTS: The low toxic dosage of tea polyphenols was 0.50 mg?mL-1.When the anti-tumor drugs were used in combination with tea polyphenols(0.50 mg?mL-1) as compared without,the inhibition ratio on HNE-1(200) cell line was increased by 100%～300%.CONCLUSIONS: Addition of tea polyphenols to anti-tumor drugs showed remarkable inhibitory effect on cell proliferation of HNE-1(200) cell line in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,suggesting the reverse effect of tea polyphenols on resistant HNE-1(200) cell line.