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This article reviewed the research on evaluating benign and malignant thyroid nodules in recent years,and particularly focused on the oncogens and molecular markers.Their advantages and disadvantages in clinical use and application prospective were reviewed and analyzed.
ABSTRACT
La positividad al HER2 se plantea como un factor pronóstico negativo en Cáncer Gástrico (CG), correlacionando con pobres tasas de sobrevida. Los reportes de tasas de positividad al HER2 en CG varían ampliamente (6-35%). El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la tasa de positividad y describir las características clínicas y patológicas de los CG Her2(+). Los tumores CG fueron centralmente screneados para inmunohistoquímica y FISH. 9% de loscasos fueron positivos, encontrándose mayor positividad en los estadios avanzados (III/ IV) vs. los estadios tempranos (I/II)(p= 0.045); en el tipo histológico intestinal vs. mixto/ difuso ( p=0.03 ) y en los cánceres de la unión gastroesofágica vs CG ( p=0.005).
HER2 positivity is thought to be a negative prognostic factor in gastric cancer (GC), correlating with poor survival rates. Reported HER2-positivity rates in GC have varied widely (6-35%).Objetive of this study is to determine rate of positivity and describe clinical and pathological characteristics of HER-2(+) GC. 100 GC tumour samples were centrallyscreened by immunohistochemistry and FISH. 9% of cases were positive . More positivity HER2 was found in advanced stages (III/IV) vs. early stages (I/II)(p=0.045) ; intestinal histology subtype vs diffuse/ mixed (p=0.045) and gastro-oesophageal junction cancervs GC ( p=0.005).
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Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Carcinogens , Stomach Neoplasms , Analytical Epidemiology , Prospective Studies , PeruABSTRACT
Purpose:To study the apoptosis and proliferation in ovarian cancer and the relationship between gene and the histological grading as well as response to chemotherapy. Methods:In our study apoptosis in fifty fresh samples of epithelial ovarian carcinomas were evaluated by TDT (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase) assay. We used the techniques of immunohistochemistry to detect the proliferation and the protein expression of bcl-2,bax and p53 gene.Results:In 66% (30/50) samples of fresh epithelial ovarian carcinoma apoptosis was observed in different degrees. Our results showed that PCAN and p53 expression in poorly differentiated ovarian carcinoma is higher than that in well middle differentiated (P