Whitehead, Tansley, Sen, Bobbio e a abordagem One Health / Whitehead, Tansley, Sen, Bobbio and the One Health approach / Whitehead, Tansley, Sen, Bobbio y el enfoque One Health

Objetivo: traçar parâmetros para estruturar conceitos da abordagem One Health através dos pensamentos de Alfred North Whitehead, Arthur George Tansley, Amartya Sen e Norberto Bobbio. Metodologia: tratou-se de pesquisa original, com abordagem dedutiva e viés hermenêutico, baseada nos pensamentos selecionados e na orientação de Saúde Única. Resultados: One Health estrutura-se na afirmativa holística e integrada que a saúde humana, animal e ambiental estão interligadas. Sob a perspectiva de Whitehead, a abordagem One Health pode ser considerada um processo dinâmico e relacional, onde humanos, animais e meio ambiente interagem constantemente, interconectando-se por relações e processos, formando um todo. Pela perspectiva de Tansley, a ideia de One Health pode alinhar-se ao conceito de ecossistema, não podendo a saúde ser analisada isoladamente em indivíduos, mas, necessariamente, pelas interações complexas entre seres humanos, animais e o ambiente. Sob o prisma de desenvolvimento (direitos e liberdades), proposto por Sen, a abordagem One Health pode ser considerada um meio para alcançá-lo, através da interrelação de mecanismos, sistemas e instituições focados na promoção da saúde e do bem-estar. Na visão de Bobbio, direitos fundamentais, democracia e a paz, são formas éticas e primordiais para assegurar direitos, especialmente um novo direito da natureza (humanos, animal e ambiente) na busca conjunta de garantias para a convivência pacífica. Conclusão: a abordagem One Health não é apenas uma estratégia prática, mas também uma visão renovada da antiga percepção que reconhecia a interconexão de todas as formas de vida.

Objective: draw parameters to structure concepts of the One Health approach through the thoughts of Alfred North Whitehead, Arthur George Tansley, Amartya Sen, and Norberto Bobbio. Methodology: this was original research, with a deductive approach, hermeneutic bias based on the selected thoughts and the One Health. Results: One Health is structured on the holistic and integrated assertion that human, animal, and environmental health are interconnected. From Whitehead's perspective, the One Health approach can be considered a dynamic and relational process, where humans, animals, and the environment constantly interact, interconnecting through relationships and processes, forming a whole. From Tansley's perspective, the idea of One Health can align with the ecosystem concept, where health cannot be analyzed in isolation in individuals, but necessarily through the complex interactions between humans, animals, and the environment. From Sen's development prism (rights and freedoms), the One Health approach can be seen to achieve it, through the interrelation of mechanisms, systems, and institutions focused on promoting health and well-being. In Bobbio's view, fundamental rights, democracy, and peace are ethical and primary ways to ensure rights, especially a right of nature (humans, animals, and the environment) in the joint pursuit of guarantees for peaceful coexistence. Conclusion: the One Health approach is not just a practical strategy, but also a renewed vision of the old perception that recognized the interconnection of all forms of life.

Objetivo: establecer parámetros para estructurar conceptos del enfoque One Health a través de los pensamientos de Alfred North Whitehead, Arthur George Tansley, Amartya Sen y Norberto Bobbio. Metodología: se trató de una investigación original, con un enfoque deductivo, sesgo hermenéutico basado en los pensamientos seleccionados y el Salud Única. Resultados: One Health se estructura en la afirmación holística e integrada de que la salud humana, animal y ambiental están interconectadas. Desde la perspectiva de Whitehead, el enfoque One Health puede considerarse un proceso dinámico y relacional, donde humanos, animales y el medio ambiente interactúan constantemente, interconectándose a través de relaciones y procesos, formando un todo. Desde la perspectiva de Tansley, la idea de One Health puede alinearse con el concepto de ecosistema, donde la salud no puede analizarse aisladamente en individuos, sino necesariamente a través de interacciones complejas entre seres humanos, animales y el ambiente. Desde el prisma del desarrollo (derechos y libertades) propuesto por Sen, el enfoque One Health puede considerarse un medio para alcanzarlo, a través de la interrelación de mecanismos, sistemas e instituciones enfocados en la promoción de la salud y el bienestar. Desde la visión de Bobbio, los derechos fundamentales, la democracia y la paz son formas éticas y primordiales para asegurar derechos, especialmente un derecho de la naturaleza (humanos, animales y ambiente) en la búsqueda conjunta de garantías para la convivencia pacífica. Conclusión: el enfoque One Health no es solo una estrategia práctica, sino también una visión renovada de la antigua percepción que reconocía la interconexión de todas las formas de vida.

Research progress on dental materials for preventing root caries / 口腔疾病防治

@#The high incidence and untreated rate of root caries, a common and frequently occurring oral disease with challenging treatment in elderly individuals, is the main cause of tooth loss among elderly people, as rapid development results in pulpitis and periapical periodontitis or residual crown and root, which has been regarded as one of the common chronic oral diseases seriously affecting the quality of life of elderly people. Thus, early intervention and prevention are important. Traditional dental materials for preventing root caries have been widely used in clinical practice; however, they have the disadvantages of tooth coloring, remineralization and low sterilization efficiency. A series of new dental materials for preventing root caries have gradually become a research hotspot recently, which have the advantages of promoting the mineralization of deep dental tissue, prolonging the action time and enhancing adhesion. Future caries prevention materials should be designed according to the characteristics of root surface caries and the application population and should be developed toward simplicity, high efficiency and low toxicity. This review describes current research regarding anti-caries prevention material application, serving as a theoretical underpinning for the research of root caries prevention materials, which is important for both promotion in the effective prevention of root caries and improvement in the status of oral health and the quality of life among old people.

Bibliometric analysis of ESKAPE drug‑resistant bacteria / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo conduct a bibliometric visual analysis of studies on Enterococcus faecium， Staphylococcus aureus， Klebsiella pneumoniae， Acinetobacter baumannii， Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species （ESKAPE） in the past 10 years at home and abroad， and to analyze current research status and future research directions in this field based on the concept of “One health”. MethodsRelated literature on ESKAPE drug resistant bacteria from 2013 to 2022 was searched on CNKI and WoS， respectively. Furthermore， a metrological visualization analysis of authors， source of agencies， countries， and keywords was conducted by the CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software. ResultsA total of 2 991 pieces of Chinese-language and 24 497 pieces of English-language literature were included in this study. Although the number and growth rate of English-language publications were higher than those of Chinese-language publications， the number of English-language papers authored by Chinese scholars showed a significant upward trend. The level of collaboration between authors and institutions in Chinese-language publications was weaker than that in English-language publications. Overall， the country with the highest number of publications was the United States （6 623）， followed by China （3 776）. However， China’s annual publication volume （851） exceeded that of the United States （600） in 2022. China had collaborations with 25 countries， indicating good global cooperation， but its level of international cooperation was still slightly weaker than that of the United States. High-frequency keywords in Chinese-language literature mainly included drug resistance， nosocomial infection， and antibiotics， while high-frequency keywords in English-language literature included Staphylococcus aureus， Klebsiella pneumoniae， and methicillin-resistant. ConclusionCarbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae， carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae， and "One health" are research hotspots. In the future， cross-sectoral and multi-regional collaboration should be deepened to strengthen the control of infections of important drug-resistant bacteria， and infection treatment strategies should be optimized as well.

Promoting implementation research and One Health approach to respond the four global health challenges: an interpretation of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) Strategy 2024—2029 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Tropical diseases, notably neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty, remain major health problems endangering the poorest and most-marginalized people in the world. The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), which is co-sponsored by the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank, is an important programme that helps facilitate, support, guide and coordinate global efforts to combat tropical diseases. On July 2023, TDR formally issued its 2024—2029 strategy, which proposed the direction and proprieties of global tropical disease prevention and control in the next six years. Based on its original focus on supporting researchers and research institutions from low and middle-income countries to conduct research on tropical diseases and building their research capabilities, this strategy proposed some new developments, which mainly included incorporating tropical disease prevention and control into the overall framework of addressing major global health challenges and achieving the health goals set by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to combat tropical diseases and contribute to achieving health goals of SDGs in a collaborative and integrated manner; supporting implementation research and encouraging practitioners and social innovators to participate in research to enable generation of solutions that may be used to solve local health problems; promoting and encouraging the One Health concept and interdisciplinary and cross-departmental collaboration; shifting gradually its focus from disease prevention and control to addressing the health needs of the poorest and most-marginalized populations. These new developments deserve the attention of personnel and institutions in China dedicated to the prevention and control of tropical diseases in order to help their future researches and activities.

The present and future research agenda of sporotrichosis on the silver anniversary of zoonotic sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Twenty-five years have passed since the initial observation of endemic zoonotic sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Since then, this disease has spread throughout South America. Accompanying the emergence of this mycosis, some progress has been made, including the expansion of a research network in this field and higher visibility of sporotrichosis within government authorities and funding agencies. However, there are still some challenges to curbing the expansion of this disease in the coming years. These include the development of rapid and accurate diagnostic tests, new antifungal drugs, particularly for the treatment of extracutaneous manifestations of sporotrichosis, and more comprehensive care for cats with sporotrichosis. Including these actions in the sporotrichosis research agenda is required so as to change the development of this disease in the years to come.

Panorama clínico, epidemiológico e espacial da ocorrência de Leishmaniose visceral no estado do Pará, Amazônia brasileira / Clinical, epidemiological and spatial overview of visceral Leishmaniasis in the state of Pará, brazilian amazonia / Panorama clínico, epidemiológico y espacial de la Leishmaniasis visceral en el estado de Pará, amazonia brasileña

Objetivo: Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar o perfil clínico, epidemiológico e espacial daLeishmaniose Visceral, bem como, sua associação com o desmatamento nos municípios pertencentesao 12º centro regional de saúde no Sudeste do Estado do Pará, Brasil de 2016 a 2020. Método: Trata-se de um estudo analítico ecológico, realizado com dados provenientes de 15 municípios do 12º Centro Regional de Saúde, obtidos por meio do banco de dados do Data-SUS-TABNET, através do SINAN. Resultados: Para o período do estudo foram notificados 415 casos de LV nos municípios analisados, o que correspondeu a uma média anual de 83 casos. O ano com maior número de notifi- cações foi 2017, apresentando 34,7%, sendo o município de Redenção com o maior número de casos.Conclusões: Portanto, há necessidade de ampliação das medidas de controle e vigilância da LV, comfoco na notificação de casos, a fim de realizar a obtenção do panorama fidedigno da LV e elaborar estratégias mais assertivas para seu controle e mitigação.

Objective: This research aimed to determine the clinical, epidemiological and spatial profile of Vis- ceral Leishmaniasis, as well as its association with deforestation in the municipalities belonging to the 12th regional health center in the Southeast of Pará State, Brazil from 2016 to 2020. Method: Thisis an ecological analytical study, conducted with data from 15 municipalities of the 12th Regional Health Center, obtained through the Data-SUS-TABNET database, through SINAN. Results: For thestudy period, 415 cases of VL were reported in the analyzed municipalities, corresponding to an an-nual average of 83 cases. The year with the highest number of notifications was 2017, present- ing 34.7%, being the municipality of Redenção with the highest number of cases. Conclu- sion: Therefore,there is a need to expand VL control and surveillance measures, focusing on the notification of casesin order to obtain a reliable picture of VL and develop more assertive strategies for its control and mitigation.

Objetivo: Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el perfil clínico, epidemiológico y espacial de la Leishmaniasis Visceral, así como su asociación con la deforestación en municipios pertenecientes al 12º Centro Regional de Salud del Sudeste del Estado de Pará, Brasil, de 2016 a 2020. Método: Trata-se de um estudo analítico ecológico, realizado com dados provenientes de 15 municípios do 12º Centro Regional de Saúde, obtidos por meio do banco de dados do Data-SUS-TABNET, através do SINAN. Resultados: Durante el período de estudio, fueron notificados 415 casos de LV en los municipios analizados, correspondiendo a una media anual de 83 casos. El año con mayor número de notificaciones fue 2017, 34,7%, y el municipio de Redenção presentó el mayor número de casos. Conclusiones: Por lo tanto, es necesario ampliar las medidas de control y vigilancia de la LV, centrándose en la notificación de casos con el fin de obtener una imagen fiable de la LV y desarrollar estrategias más asertivas para su control y mitigación.

Supercritical transesterification of vegetable oil and ethanol: temperature and residence time effects on phase formation and water content

Supercritical transesterification has emerged as a readily available alternative for biodiesel production since no catalyst is required, thereby generating fewer waste products. In this research, the supercritical transesterification of refined vegetable oil and aqueous ethanol was carried out at temperatures 400 to 480 °C and a 12:1 ethanol to oil molar ratio, to assess the effect of temperature and residence time in the formation of a homogeneous phase, effluent appearance and increased water content derived from glycerol etherification. The results showed that water was produced at temperatures higher than 400 °C, as expected from the occurrence of glycerol etherification, and that prolonged times resulted in gas and soot formation, indicating esters decomposition. Through water mass balances, it was possible to identify the set of operation conditions in which the water formed from glycerol etherification matched with the maximum expected according to the proposed reaction scheme.

La transesterificación supercrítica se ha propuesto como una alternativa para la producción de biodiesel ya que no requiere catalizador de esta manera se generan menos residuos. En esta investigación, la transesterificación supercrítica de aceite vegetal refinado y etanol acuoso se llevó a cabo a temperaturas en el rango 400 a 480 °C y relación molar etanol a aceite de 12:1, para evaluar el efecto de la temperatura y el tiempo de residencia en la formación de una fase homogénea, apariencia del efluente e incremento del contenido de agua resultado de las reacciones de eterificación del glicerol. Los resultados mostraron que se produjo agua a temperaturas mayores a 400°C, atribuida a la eterificación del glicerol, y que tiempos de residencia prolongados resultaron en formación de gas y hollín, indicativo de reacciones de descomposición de esteres. A través de balances de masa, fue posible identificar el conjunto de condiciones de operación a las cuales el agua formada por la eterificación del glicerol coincide con el valor máximo esperado de acuerdo con el esquema de reacción propuesto.

A transesterificação supercrítica foi proposta como uma alternativa para a produção de biodiesel porque não requer catalisador e, dessa forma, gera menos resíduos. Nesta pesquisa, a transesterificação supercrítica de aceite vegetal refinado e etanol acuoso foi conduzida a temperaturas entre 400 e 480 °C e uma relação molar de etanol e aceite de 12: 1, para avaliar o efeito da temperatura e do tempo de residência na formação de uma fase homogênea, apariência do efluente e aumento do conteúdo de água resultante das reações de eterificação do glicerol. Os resultados mostraram que se produziu água a temperaturas maiores que 400°C, atribuída à eterificação do glicerol, e que os tempos de residência prolongados resultaram na formação de gás e hollín, indicativo de reações de decomposição de ésteres. Por meio de balanças de massa, foi possível identificar o conjunto de condições de operação em que a água formada pela eterificação do glicerol coincide com o valor máximo esperado de acordo com o esquema de reação proposto.

Seropositividad de Chlamydia psittaci en trabajadores expuestos a aves y revisión de la literatura: evidencia de circulación en Antioquia / Chlamydia psittaci seropositivity in workers exposed to birds and review of the literature: Evidence of circulation in Antioquia

Introducción. La psitacosis es una enfermedad zoonótica causada por Chlamydia psittaci. Esta bacteria es catalogada como un agente con potencial bioterrorista y ha causado múltiples brotes en trabajadores con exposición laboral a aves en diferentes lugares del mundo. En Colombia, no se hace seguimiento epidemiológico de la infección y existe una gran brecha en el conocimiento. Objetivos. Determinar la frecuencia de anticuerpos contra C. psittaci en trabajadores con exposición laboral a aves y sus factores asociados. Además, revisar la literatura en relación con los estudios sobre el tema realizados en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con intención analítica, en trabajadores en contacto con aves y se revisó la literatura científica relacionada en Colombia. Se detectaron anticuerpos IgM e IgG contra C. psittaci en suero por microinmunofluorescencia. La descripción de las características sociodemográficas y de exposición se hizo con frecuencias y medidas de resumen. Se exploraron factores asociados por análisis bivariados y multivariados. La revisión de la literatura científica y gris se hizo con búsqueda estructurada. Resultados. Se analizaron 54 trabajadores en contacto con aves y se encontró una prevalencia de anticuerpos del 31,5 %. El ejercer funciones de sacrificio y faenado de las aves sin ser médico veterinario fue un factor de riesgo para la presencia de anticuerpos. Solo se encontraron cuatro estudios previos sobre C. psittaci hechos en Colombia. Conclusiones. Este estudio constituye la primera evidencia de la circulación de C. psittaci en trabajadores en contacto con aves en Antioquia y el segundo reporte en el país. Estos hallazgos aportan desde la salud pública a la estrategia One Health.

Introduction. Psittacosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci, a bacterium classified as an agent with bioterrorist potential. It has caused multiple outbreaks in exposed poultry workers around the world. Colombia has no epidemiological follow-up of the infection and a big knowledge gap. Objectives. To determine the antibodies' frequency against C. psittaci in workers with occupational exposure to birds and to review the literature on studies conducted in Colombia. Materials and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical intent on workers in contact with birds and reviewed the related literature in Colombia. IgM and IgG serum antibodies against C. psittaci were detected by microimmunofluorescence. The sociodemographic and exposure characteristics were expressed as frequencies and summary measures. Associated factors were explored by bivariate and multivariate analysis. The scientific and gray literature review was done with a structured search. Results. We analyzed 54 workers in contact with birds. Antibody prevalence was 31.5%. Slaughtering and evisceration by non-veterinarians was a risk factor for antibody presence. There are only four previous studies on C. psittaci in Colombia. Conclusions. Here, we present the first evidence of C. psittaci circulation among workers exposed to birds in Antioquia and the second report in the country. These findings contribute to the "One Health" public health strategy.

Choosing the Correct?Sized Adult Double?Lumen Tube: Quest for the Holy Grail

Appropriate size selection of double?lumen tubes (DLTs) for one?lung ventilation (OLV) in adults is still a humongous task. Several important factors are to be considered like patient height, gender, tracheal diameter, left main bronchial diameter, and cricoid cartilage transverse diameter. In addition to radiological assessment of the airway diameters, the manufacturing details of the particular DLT being used also play a significant role in size selection. Optimal positioning of the appropriately sized DLT is indispensable to avoid complications like airway trauma, cuff rupture, hypoxemia, and tube displacement. It is imperative to know whether the one?size?fits?all dictum holds for DLT size selection as claimed by certain studies. Further randomized studies are required for crystallizing standard protocols ascertaining the correct DLT size. This systematic review article highlights the various parameters employed for DLT size selection and explores the newer DLTs used for adult OLV.

Epidemiological Determinants of Depression among the Geriatric Population Residing in a Slum of Urban India: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood. Worldwide interest in geriatric depression has increased but studies to assess the depression among the elderly population in urban slums has hardly been done. So this study would shed light on the risk factors of depression among geriatrics in urban slums. Aim & Objective: To study the epidemiological determinants such as age, marital status, education, financial dependency, economic status and chronic illness in relation to of depression among the geriatric population (60–80 years). Settings and Design: Community-based, cross-sectional study for 24 months with a samplesize of 209. Methods & Material: Urban slum area represented by one health post was selectedas the study area which caters to around 96,630 slum residents. Pre-tested semi-structuredinterviews were conducted after selecting households by systematic random sampling. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. A chi-square test was applied. Result: The present study shows overall prevalence of depression among the elderly above 60 years of age to be 48.6%. Depression is found to been significantly associated with an increase in age, living alone (72.7%), lower class economic status (100%), financial dependency (54%), history of chronic family illness (54.7%) and with no formal education (62.1%) among elderly dwelling in slums. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of depression in the community and hence, a need to sensitize Primary level Health Care Services to institute screening tests considering the association of these determinants with depression and link them to specialized services for further management.

Attenuating Effect of Some Antioxidants on Caffeine Induced Spermatotoxicity and Mutagenicity in Male Albino Rats

Background and Objective: Infertility is one of the major health problems in life and has been linked to several factors; therefore different approaches are required to address the problem. This study investigated the attenuating potential of some antioxidants: Cellgevity, Max one, purslane and Vitamin C on caffeine induced spermatotoxicity in male albino rats. Location and duration of Study: This study was carried in the Department of genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, Calabar and lasted for sixty five days. Methodology: Sixty sexually matured male albino rats were randomly divided into ten groups consisting of two rats in three replicates using completely randomized design (CRD). Group one served as control and received water and feed only. Group two were given 200 mg/kgBw of Cellgevity, group three received 200 mg/kgBW of Max one, group four received 100 mg/kgBW of Vitamin C, group five received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine, group six received 200mg/kgBW of purslane, group seven received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine and 200 mg/kgBW of Cellgevity, group eight received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine and 200 mg/kgBW of Max one, group nine received 200mg/kgBW of caffeine and 200 mg/kgBW of purslane, group ten received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine and 100 mg/kgBW of vitamin C. Administration was done orally and lasted for 65days. The rats were sacrificed after administration using chloroform anaesthesia. Testes and epididymes were processed for testes and epididymal weights as well as sperm profile. Results: The results showed that caffeine significantly (p<0.05) negatively affected all the parameters studied. The sperm profile significantly reduced in caffeine treated animals. However, Cellgevity, Max one, purslane and Vitamin C attenuated the effect of caffeine in all the parameters evaluated by increased the sperm viability, sperm motility, sperm count and reduced sperm head abnormalities and mutation index in the combination groups. Conclusion: Results show that Cellgevity, Max one, purslane and Vitamin C have the potential to attenuate spermatotoxicity caused by caffeine in albino rats.

A Study On Impact Of Goods And Service Tax On Small Traders With Reference Mysuru District, Karnataka

The study investigates the impact of Goods and Services Taxes on small businesses. Tax policies have such a big impact on the economy in terms of both efficiencies and equity. For Indian government small traders and medium traders are one of the pillars. Here small traders can fill the registration through online itself. In VAT the tax payment where differed from state to state in some states we have earn 10 lakhs we should pay VAT but for some states if its 5 lakhs itself we need to pay VAT. So it leads to confusion and its not much effective. So compare to that in GST we have one nation one tax. So that small and medium traders can go anywhere and can expand there revenue and business anywhere in India. This study is based on both primary data and secondary data. For collecting of primary data from sample respondents used structured questionnaire. Statistical tools like Garrett ranking method and chi-squre test, ANOVA are used for analysis of data

Seropositividad a Chlamydophila psittaci en cotorras argentinas (Myiopsitta monachus) invasoras de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile

Introducción: Chlamydophila psittaci es una bacteria zoonótica e intracelular estricta, que provoca la psitacosis humana y su principal hospedero son las aves psitácidas. La cotorra argentina es un ave psitácida nativa de Sudamérica y actualmente considerada una especie invasora en 19 países, incluyendo Chile. Objetivo: Determinar positividad contra C. psittaci en muestras de suero y torulados de cotorras argentinas de vida libre capturadas en la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Métodos: Se analizaron 95 muestras de suero de pichones e individuos adultos de cotorras argentinas, a través de una prueba de ELISA indirecto utilizando un kit comercial. Posteriormente, se analizaron 40 tórulas nasotraqueales y cloacales de individuos adultos a través de una RPC en tiempo real específica para C. psittaci. Resultados: Se detectaron anticuerpos en muestras de suero de cinco individuos adultos de cotorras argentinas (n = 68), mientras que ninguno de los pichones analizados fue seropositivo (n = 27). Todas las muestras analizadas a través de RPC en tiempo real fueron negativas. Conclusión: Estos resultados demuestran por primera vez en Chile la exposición a C. psittaci en cotorras argentinas de vida libre, lo cual puede representar un riesgo importante para la transmisión de este patógeno a poblaciones humanas y animales.

Background: Chlamydophila psittaci is a zoonotic obligate intracellular bacterium that causes the human psittacosis, and its main host are psittacine birds. The monk parakeet is a psittacine bird native to South America, currently being considered an invasive species in 19 countries, including Chile. Aim: To determine positivity to C. psittaci in serum samples and swabs from free-ranging monk parakeets captured in the Metropolitan Region of Chile. Methods: Ninety-five serum samples from nestling chicks and adult monk parakeets were tested using an indirect ELISA test kit. Cloacal and nasotracheal swabs from 40 adult parakeets were further analyzed by C. psittaci-specific real-time PCR. Results: We found antibody titers in sera of five adult monk parakeets (n = 68) while none of the nestlings were seropositive (n = 27). All samples tested with real-time PCR were negative. Conclusions: Our results demónstrate for the first time in Chile the exposure to C. psittaci in free-ranging monk parakeets which may represent a significant risk of pathogen transmission to human and animal populations.

Perfil Epidemiológico de Gatos com Esporotricose no Município de São Paulo (SP), 2011 a 2022 / Epidemiological Profile of Cats with Sporotrichosis in the City of São Paulo (SP), 2011 to 2022

Objetivo: este estudo se propôs a caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico da esporotricose felina no município de São Paulo (SP) no período de 2011 a 2022. Métodos: estudo descritivo dos casos de esporotricose felina registrados entre 2011 e 2022. Foram utilizados dados secundários, provenientes dos bancos de dados da vigilância do município. Resultados: o perfil predominante dos animais é composto por machos, 71,4% (n=2.644), com idade inferior a 4 anos 70,1% (n=1.137) e com livre acesso à rua 51,0% (n=1.348). Foram registrados 811 óbitos, entre os quais foi informado o sexo para 381, sendo estes 77,4% (n=295) machos e 22,6% (n=86) fêmeas. Conclusão: diante dos achados deste estudo, compreende-se que a situação epidemiológica da doença requer ações conjuntas das vigilâncias epidemiológica e ambiental para serem desenvolvidas medidas de prevenção e controle embasadas em uma perspectiva de saúde única.

Objective: this study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of feline sporotrichosis in the city of São Paulo (SP) from 2011 to 2022. Methods: this is a descriptive study of feline sporotrichosis cases reported between 2011 and 2022. The data were obtained from a secondary database of the São Paulo Health Surveillance System. Results: the predominant profile of the animals is composed of males 71.4% (n=2,644), under the age of four years old 70.1% (n=1,137), and with free access to streets 51.0% (n=1,348). Furthermore, of the 811 deaths registered, 381 had the gender identified, 77.4% (n=295) were males, and 22.6% (n=86) were females. Conclusion: given the findings of this study, it is understood that the epidemiological situation of the disease requires joint actions by epidemiological and environmental surveillance in order to develop prevention and control measures based on one health perspective.

Feasibility and safety of one-stage bilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery for resection of bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the feasibility and safety of one- stage bilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for resection of bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules (BMPNs).@*METHODS@#We analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathological features, perioperative outcomes and follow-up data of 41 patients with BMPNs undergoing one-stage bilateral VATS from July, 2011 to August, 2021.@*RESULTS@#One-stage bilateral VATS was performed uneventfully in 40 of the patients, and conversion to open surgery occurred in 1 case. The surgical approaches included bilateral lobectomy (4.9%), lobar-sublobar resection (36.6%) and sublobar-sublobar resection (58.5%) with a mean operative time of 196.3±54.5 min, a mean blood loss of 224.6±139.5 mL, a mean thoracic drainage duration of 4.7±1.1 days and a mean hospital stay of 14±3.8 days. Pathological examination revealed bilateral primary lung cancer in 15 cases, unilateral primary lung cancer in 21 cases and bilateral benign lesions in 5 cases. A total of 112 pulmonary nodules were resected, including 67 malignant and 45 benign lesions. Postoperative complications included pulmonary infection (5 cases), respiratory failure (2 cases), asthma attack (2 cases), atrial fibrillation (2 cases), and drug-induced liver injury (1 case). No perioperative death occurred in these patients, who had a 1-year survival rate of 97.6%.@*CONCLUSION@#With appropriate preoperative screening and perioperative management, one-stage bilateral VATS is feasible and safe for resection of BMPNs.

Possible Risk Factors for Bone Marrow Fibroplasia in Patients with Polycythemia Vera / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To understand the biological characteristics of polycythemia vera (PV) patients with myeloid fibroplasia, and further analyze the risk factors affecting myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients, so as to provide ideas for predicting the occurrence of myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients.@*METHODS@#Forty patients with PV in the Department of Hematology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were collected and divided into two groups, with (hyperplasia group) and without (Non-proliferative group) hyperplasia of bone marrow fibers. The differences of basic clinical characteristics, blood routine, biochemistry, bone marrow cells, coagulation function and other indicators between the two groups were compared, and the independent risk factors affecting the proliferation of bone marrow fibrous tissue in PV patients were further analyzed by multivariate regression.@*RESULTS@#Compared with Non-proliferative group, the JAK2 mutation rate (95% vs 70%，P=0.037), eosinophilic cell count (0.19 vs 0.11, P=0.047) and eosinophilic percentage (1.84 vs 1.27, P=0.001) in PV patients with hyperplasia were significantly increased, triglycerides (1.55 vs 1.91, P=0.038) and low-density lipoprotein (1.50 vs 3.08, P=0.000) were significantly reduced, bone marrow hematopoietic volume (0.85 vs 0.6, P=0.001), granulocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.40 vs 1.89, P=0.033), lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (0.60 vs 0.42, P=0.033), and granulocyte+lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.72 vs 2.37, P=0.026) were significantly increased, thrombin time (18.84 vs 18.12, P=0.043) was significantly prolonged. Multivariate regression analysis results showed that peripheral blood eosinophil ≥2% and low-density lipoprotein ≤2 mmol/L were independent risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Increased proportion of peripheral blood eosinophils and decreased low density lipoprotein are risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients.

Safety and clinical outcomes of thoracoscopic segmentectomy in bilateral lung cancer: A single-center retrospective study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To assess the safety and clinical outcomes of segmentectomy in one- or two-staged video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for bilateral lung cancer. Methods    We retrospectively enrolled 100 patients who underwent VATS segmentectomy for bilateral lung cancer at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2013 to May 2022. We divided the patients into two groups: a one-stage group (52 patients), including 17 males and 35 females with a mean age of 55.17±11.09 years, and a two-stage group (48 patients), including 16 males and 32 females with a mean age of 59.88±11.48 years. We analyzed multiple intraoperative variables and postoperative outcomes. Results     All 100 patients successfully completed bilateral VATS, and at least unilateral lung received anatomical segmentectomy. Patients in the one-stage group were younger (P=0.040), had lower rate of comorbidities (P=0.030), were less likely to have a family history of lung cancer (P=0.018), and had a shorter interval between diagnosis and surgery (P=0.000) compared with patients in the two-stage group. Wedge resection on the opposite side was more common in the one-stage group (P=0.000), while lobectomy was more common in the two-stage   group. The time to emerge from anesthesia in the one-stage group was longer than that in the first and second operations of the two-stage group (P=0.000, P=0.002). Duration of surgery and anesthesia were similar between two groups (P>0.05). Total number of lymph node stations for sampling and dissection (P=0.041) and lymph nodes involved (P=0.026) were less in the one-stage group. Intraoperative airway management was similar between two groups (P>0.05). The one-stage group was associated with lower activities of daily living (ADL) scores. Conclusion     Segmentectomy is safe in one- or two-staged VATS for bilateral lung cancer, including contralateral sublobectomy and lobectomy. Duration of surgery and perioperative complications are similar between two groups, but the one-stage group is associated with lower ADL scores. On the basis of comprehensive consideration in psychological factors, physical conditions and personal wishes of patients, one-staged sequential bilateral VATS can be the first choice.

Problematizando as alteridades para uma compreensão feminista e decolonial da Saúde Única em Periferias / Problematizing alterities for a feminist and decolonial understanding of One Health of Peripheries

Resumo Neste trabalho, refletimos sobre o modo como diversas figuras de alteridade são alvo de marginalização e o que isso implica em termos de reconhecimento nas gramáticas políticas que estabelecem quem pode se tornar um sujeito da saúde. A partir de contribuições feministas e decoloniais, discutimos algumas premissas ontológicas acerca da relação entre humanos, não humanos e a natureza, para alargar o entendimento da Saúde Única em Periferias. Também incorporamos narrativas de adolescentes que moram na favela Jardim São Remo (São Paulo, SP) e atuam como Agentes Mirins da Saúde Única em Periferias. Em diálogo com eles, exploramos o processo de exclusão constitutiva das favelas, apoiado em retóricas que não reconhecem a pluralidade das configurações coletivas e reforçam a figura das favelas como ameaça à segurança pública. Em contraposição a esse projeto, trazemos os princípios de reflorestamento e da confluência de alteridades significativas para reforçar a justiça multiespécie promovida pela práxis da Saúde Única em Periferias.

Abstract In this work, we reflect on how different figures of alterity are targets of marginalization and what this implies in terms of recognition in political grammars that establish who can become a subject of health. Based on feminist and decolonial contributions, we discuss some ontological assumptions about the relationship between humans, non-humans, and nature to broaden the understanding of the One Health of Peripheries. We also incorporate some narratives of adolescents who live in the Jardim São Remo favela (São Paulo, SP) and act as One Health of Peripheries Young Agents. In dialogue with them, we explore the process of constitutive exclusion of favelas, based on rhetorics that do not recognize the plurality of collective configurations and reinforce the figure of favelas as a threat to public security. In contrast to this project, we bring the principles of reforestation and confluence of significant alterities to reinforce the multispecies justice promoted by the praxis of One Health of Peripheries.

The role of pacas of captivity as a potential reservoir of zoonotic fungi in Acre, Western Amazon, Brazil / O papel de pacas de cativeiro como potencial reservatório de fungos zoonóticos no Acre, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil

Wild animals can be natural reservoirs of different microorganisms, essential for monitoring these pathogens for the generation of knowledge and creation of tools aimed at programs for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, including zoonoses. The objective was to report the fungal diversity in the skin of pacas in captivity in Acre, Western Amazon, Brazil. Twenty-six animals were evaluated, from which skin samples were collected by superficial scraping, hair avulsion, and sterile plastic brush. The samples were seeded on Mycosel agar, and the phenotypic characteristics of the colonies were analyzed. In 80.8% of the samples, different fungi were isolated, from the genera Candida, Microsporum,and Trichophyton, among others. This is the first description of the identification of fungi in the skin of pacas and suggests that these animals can be considered essential reservoirs of saprophytic or pathogenic microorganisms with zoonotic potential in the Western Amazon.(AU)

Animais silvestres podem ser reservatórios naturais de diferentes microrganismos, sendo fundamental o monitoramento destes patógenos para a geração de conhecimento e criação de ferramentas direcionadas a programas de prevenção e controle de enfermidades infecciosas, incluindo as zoonoses. Assim, objetivou-se relatar a diversidade fúngica da pele de pacas criadas em cativeiro no Acre, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil. Foram avaliados 26 animais, dos quais amostras cutâneas foram colhidas por raspagem superficial, avulsão pilosa e escova plástica estéril. As amostras foram semeadas em ágar Mycosel e as características fenotípicas das colônias foram analisadas. Em 80,8% das amostras houve isolamento de diferentes fungos, dos gêneros Candida, Microsporum e Trichophyton, dentre outros. Esta é a primeira descrição da identificação de fungos na pele de pacas e sugere que estes animais podem ser considerados importantes reservatórios de microrganismos saprófitas ou patogênicos, de potencial zoonótico, na Amazônia Ocidental.(AU)

Effect of contracted endodontic access cavity and root canal preparation by One Curve on danger zone of mesial root canal in mandibular first molars / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To explore the influence of a contracted endodontic access cavity on the risk of canal transportation in the danger zone of the mesial root canal of mandibular first molars (MFMs) using a one-curve preparation system, and to provide an experimental basis for the clinical selection of a better pulp approach.@*Methods@#Twenty MFMs extracted for severe periodontal disease that met the inclusion criteria, including intact coronal roots, mesial roots with two separate root canals, mesiobuccal canal (MB) and mesiolingual canal (ML), and a curvature of 0° to 20°, were selected. Subsequently, these MFMs were randomly divided into two groups based on the endodontic access design, including the traditional endodontic access cavity (TEC) group and the contracted endodontic access cavity (CEC) group. In the TEC group, the pulp chamber roof of the tooth was completely removed, while in the CEC group, the pulp chamber roof and peri-cervical dentin were preserved as much as possible. Then, the One Curve single file was adopted to conduct root canal preparation. Next, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed on extracted teeth before and after preparation, and the measurement sections were located at 0-7.0 mm below the root bifurcation of the mesial root canal at 1 mm intervals. The minimum wall thickness on the mesial and distal aspect of the root canal was measured in each section.@* Results @# ① Prepreparation CT measurements of 20 MFMs showed that the danger zone in the range 0-4 mm under root bifurcation, a mean thickness of 1.18 mm on the mesial aspect of the MB root canal and 1.08 mm on the distal aspect. The mean thickness of the ML root canal was 1.28 mm on the mesial aspect and 1.07 mm on the distal aspect. ② Compared with that of the traditional endodontic access cavity, no significant difference in the decrease of wall thickness was observed in the danger zone of mesial root canal of MFMs in the contracted endodontic access cavity (t = 1.319，P = 0.19). ③ In the mesiobuccal canal, compared with the apical transportation of the traditional endodontic access cavity, which tends to be more mesial side, the apical transportation of contracted endodontic access cavity tends to the distal side. In the mesiolingual canal, both apical transportation groups tended to be on the distal side. @*Conclusion @# When using the One Curve file, compared with traditional endodontic access, the contracted endodontic access cavity based on the minimally invasive concept does not increase the risk that the mesial root canal of mandibular first molars is transported.