Oral cancer: analysis of the clarity of publications in Instagram profiles of official health agencies in Brazil / Câncer bucal: análise da clareza das publicações realizadas em perfis do Instagram de órgãos oficiais de saúde do Brasil

Abstract This article aims to analyze the clarity and engagement measures of publications on oral cancer in the Instagram profiles of official health agencies in Brazil. An infodemiological study was conducted with 81 profiles. Data collected concerned content classification, account and media, manner of addressing the topic, number of posts, likes, comments, views and hashtags. The clarity of the educational publications was assessed with the Brazilian version of the Clear Communication Index (BR-CDC-CCI). Data analysis involved Spearman's correlation and the Mann-Whitney test (α = 5%). A total of 775 publications on oral cancer were found. The average BR-CDC-CCI score was 69.8 (SD = 15.5). The clarity of the information was adequate in 9.5% of the educational publications. Positive correlations were found between the number of likes and engagement (comments [r = 0.49], views [r = 0.96]), number of hashtags (r = 0.13) and year of publication (r = 0.21). Publications from the Health Ministry had a significantly higher BR-CDC-CCI score compared to the other profiles. Publications on oral cancer were correlated with engagement, year of publication and number of hashtags. Public agencies increased publications to reach the population, but the clarity of the content was low.

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é analisar a clareza e as medidas de engajamento das publicações sobre câncer bucal nos perfis do Instagram dos órgãos oficiais de saúde no Brasil. Realizou-se um estudo infodemiológico com 81 perfis. Foram coletados dados sobre classificação do conteúdo, conta e mídia, abordagem do tema, número de postagens, curtidas, comentários, visualizações e hashtags. A clareza das publicações educativas foi avaliada pela versão brasileira do Clear Communication Index (BR-CDC-CCI). A análise dos dados envolveu a correlação de Spearman e o teste de Mann-Whitney (α = 5%). Foram encontradas 775 publicações sobre câncer bucal. O escore médio do BR-CDC-CCI foi 69,8 (DP = 15,5). A clareza das informações foi adequada em 9,5% das publicações educativas. Correlações positivas foram encontradas entre o número de curtidas e engajamento (comentários [r = 0,49], visualizações [r = 0,96]), número de hashtags (r = 0,13) e ano de publicação (r = 0,21). Publicações do Ministério da Saúde apresentaram escore do BR-CDC-CCI significativamente maior do que os demais perfis (p = 0,01). As publicações sobre câncer bucal foram correlacionadas com engajamento, ano de publicação e número de hashtags. Os órgãos públicos aumentaram as publicações para atingir a população, mas a clareza do conteúdo foi baixa.

Controversy on the CONVINCE study findings: the PRO take / Controvérsia sobre os achados do estudo CONVINCE: a perspectiva PRO

ABSTRACT The CONVINCE study, recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine, reveals a groundbreaking 23% reduction in the relative risk of all-cause mortality among end-stage kidney patients undergoing high convective volume hemodiafiltration. This significant finding challenges the conventional use of high-flux hemodialysis and offers hope for improving outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients. While some controversies surround the study's findings, including concerns about generalizability and the causes of death, it is essential to acknowledge the study's design and its main outcomes. The CONVINCE study, part of the HORIZON 2020 project, enrolled 1360 patients and demonstrated the superiority of hemodiafiltration in reducing all-cause mortality overall, as well as in specific patient subgroups (elderly, short vintage, non-diabetic, and those without cardiac issues). Interestingly, it was shown that hemodiafiltration had a protective effect against infection, including COVID-19. Future research will address sustainability, dose scaling effects, identification of subgroups especially likely to benefit and cost-effectiveness. However, for now, the findings strongly support a broader adoption of hemodiafiltration in renal replacement therapy, marking a significant advancement in the field.

RESUMO O estudo CONVINCE, publicado recentemente no New England Journal of Medicine, revela uma redução inovadora de 23% no risco relativo de mortalidade por todas as causas entre pacientes renais em estágio terminal submetidos à hemodiafiltração de alto volume de convecção. Esse achado significativo desafia o uso convencional da hemodiálise de alto fluxo e oferece esperança de melhoria dos desfechos em pacientes com doença renal crônica. Embora algumas controvérsias cerquem os achados do estudo, incluindo preocupações sobre a generalização e as causas de óbito, é essencial reconhecer o desenho do estudo e seus principais desfechos. O estudo CONVINCE, parte do projeto HORIZON 2020, inscreveu 1.360 pacientes e demonstrou a superioridade da hemodiafiltração na redução da mortalidade por todas as causas em geral, bem como em subgrupos específicos de pacientes (idosos, HD de curta duração, não diabéticos e aqueles sem problemas cardíacos). Curiosamente, demonstrou-se que a hemodiafiltração teve um efeito protetor contra infecções, incluindo a COVID-19. Pesquisas futuras abordarão sustentabilidade, efeitos de escalonamento da dose, identificação de subgrupos especialmente propensos a se beneficiar e a relação custo-benefício. No entanto, por ora, os achados apoiam fortemente uma adoção mais ampla da hemodiafiltração na terapia renal substitutiva, marcando um avanço significativo na área.

Prevenção de comportamentos autodestrutivo na adolescência: influência das redes sociais / Prevention of self-destructive behaviors in adolescence: influence of social networks

A comunicação entre pais e seus filhos no período da adolescência é fundamental para propor uma estrutura psicológica, na qual pode-se permitir que o adolescente desenvolva uma autoestima forte e independente. Objetivo: identificar por meio de literatura o comportamento autodestrutivo em adolescentes que utilizam redes sociais e jogos digitais de modo demasiado. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de cunho exploratório com intuito caracterizado por meio de revisão bibliográfica, realizada através do Google Acadêmico, Fio Cruz (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando os uni termos: "COMPORTAMENTOS AUTODESTRUTIVOS NA ADOLESCENCIA", pesquisado apenas no idioma português," ordenado por "data" de 2002 até maio de 2023. Resultado: Mediante as bases pesquisadas forem elegíveis (22) artigos, (2) revistas e (1) livro após os critérios estabelecidos ficaram apenas 05 artigos. Conclusão: Cabe aos profissionais da saúde bem como a equipe de enfermagem, seja na atenção primaria ou dentro do ambiente hospitalar estarem preparados e capacitados para prestar uma assistência de qualidade, realizar o acolhimento e uma escuta terapêutica de forma mais positiva.(AU)

Communication between parents and their children during adolescence is fundamental to propose a psychological structure in which adolescents can develop a strong and independent self-esteem. Objective: to identify, through literature, self-destructive behavior in adolescents who use social networks and digital games too much. Method: This is an exploratory study with a purpose characterized by a bibliographical review, carried out through Google Scholar, Fio Cruz (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation), Virtual Health Library (VHL), using the uni terms: "SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIORS NA ADOLESCENCIA", searched only in Portuguese," sorted by "date" from 2002 to May 2023. Result: According to the searched databases, (22) articles, (2) magazines and (1) book were eligible after the established criteria. only 05 articles. Conclusion: It is up to health professionals, as well as the nursing team, whether in primary care or within the hospital environment, to be prepared and qualified to provide quality care, embracement and therapeutic listening in a more positive way.(AU)

La comunicación entre padres e hijos durante la adolescencia es fundamental para proponer una estructura psicológica en la que los adolescentes puedan desarrollar una autoestima fuerte e independiente. Objetivo: identificar, a través de la literatura, conductas autodestructivas en adolescentes que utilizan demasiado las redes sociales y los juegos digitales. Método: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio con finalidad caracterizada por una revisión bibliográfica, realizada a través de Google Scholar, Fio Cruz (Fundación Oswaldo Cruz), Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), utilizando los términos uni: "CONDUCTAS AUTODESTRUCTIVAS EN LA ADOLESCENCIA" , buscado solo en portugués", ordenados por "fecha" de 2002 a mayo de 2023. Resultado: De acuerdo con las bases de datos buscadas, (22) artículos, (2) revistas y (1) libro fueron elegibles después de los criterios establecidos. sólo 05 artículos. Conclusión: Corresponde a los profesionales de la salud, así como al equipo de enfermería, ya sea en la atención primaria o en el ámbito hospitalario, estar preparados y calificados para brindar un cuidado de calidad, acogida y escucha terapéutica de forma más positiva.(AU)

Online and offline dating violence: same same, but different?

Abstract Background Violent behaviors in romantic relationships among adolescents and young people are pressing social matter as they have an effect on both victims and aggressors. Moreover, in the last decades, new forms of harassment, control, and abuse through social networks and mobile phones have arisen. Therefore, now forms of online and offline dating violence coexist. Objectives The aim was to analyze the prevalence rates by sex and age and the co-occurrence of online and offline dating violence. Moreover, the roles of online and offline dating violence aggressors and victims for their self-esteem, hostility, general psychological state, and emotional intelligence were investigated. Method Three hundred forty-one university students from the Basque Country, Spain, participated in the study. They completed six validated instruments related to the mentioned variables. Results Results highlight the high prevalence of online and offline dating violence in the sample and the co-occurrence of both types. No gender nor sex differences were found for online and offline dating violence perpetration and victimization. The correlation between online and offline dating violence was confirmed, and the reciprocity of violence is greater for offline violence. In relation to the role, both types of victims (online and offline) showed higher levels of hostility and psychological symptomatology than non-victims, but differences in self-esteem and emotional regulation were found in these modalities. Online and offline perpetrators shared hostility and some psychological symptoms as characteristics compared to non-victims, but differed in other symptoms and emotional intelligence. Conclusion There is a continuum between offline and online victimization perpetration albeit differences in the characteristics such as self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and general functioning exist.

Adaptação dos acadêmicos de Medicina em currículo PBL e tradicional ao ensino remoto na pandemia / How medical students using either PBL or a traditional curriculum adapted to online learning during the pandemic

RESUMO Introdução: Em 2020, o mundo foi afetado pelo novo coronavírus, e isso gerou mudanças históricas em diversos setores, incluindo o da educação, que teve que se adaptar rapidamente ao formato online. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar se houve uma melhor adaptação ao ensino remoto durante a pandemia de Covid-19 dos acadêmicos de Medicina que estudam em currículos PBL quando comparada a de alunos com currículos em modelo disciplinar expositivo. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foram incluídos na pesquisa os estudantes matriculados do segundo ao quarto ano do curso de Medicina que tenham preenchido o questionário completamente e cursado pelo menos um semestre de ensino remoto durante o ano de 2020. Resultado: Houve uma diferença significativa entre as metodologias, com maior adaptação dos estudantes que utilizaram o modelo PBL em comparação aos que cursaram no modelo disciplinar expositivo durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada, o método PBL mostrou-se superior ao método disciplinar, nos quesitos avaliados, na adaptação de estudantes de Medicina ao ensino remoto.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In 2020, the new coronavirus pandemic affected the whole world, causing historic changes in several sectors, including education, in which students were forced to quickly adapt to online learning. Objective: This study aimed to compare medical students' adaptation to remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic depending on whether they were following a PBL curriculum or a curriculum based on an expository disciplinary model. Method: This was a cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of students enrolled in the 2nd to 4th year of the Medicine course who had fully completed the questionnaire and attended at least one semester of remote learning during 2020. Result: A significant difference was found between the students' adaptation to remote learning during the Covid-19 pandemic according to their study methodology; students using the PBL model showed better adaptation than those following an expository learning model. Conclusion: The study corroborated the results in the existing literature on the subject, which defends PBL as a better alternative for online learning.

Suicide prevention in a virtual environment: a roadmap for simulation-based education / Prevención del suicidio en un entorno virtual: guion para la enseñanza basada en una simulación / Prevenção do suicídio em ambiente virtual: roteiro para ensino baseado em simulação

Objective: to build and validate a simulation-based education roadmap on suicide prevention in the virtual environment. Method: methodological research subdivided into a development and validation stage. The roadmap was built using a previously drafted template based on international guidelines on good clinical simulation practices and scientific literature on suicide prevention in the virtual environment. For validation, the roadmap was validated by experts through self-application of an assessment form with answers based on "adequate, fair, and inadequate", with a field for suggestions. Descriptive statistics and the Content Validity Index (CVI≥0.8) were used. Results: nine experts took part in the study, the majority of whom were nurses (66.7%), female (55.6%), with an average age of 42.22 years. All the items in the roadmap met the acceptance criteria (CVI≥0.8). Conclusion: this study provides a useful roadmap for teaching suicide prevention in the virtual environment.

Objetivo: elaborar y validar un guion de enseñanza basada en la simulación sobre la prevención del suicidio en el entorno virtual. Método: investigación metodológica subdividida en etapa de elaboración y validación. La elaboración se realizó a partir de un template creado previamente y basado en lineamientos internacionales sobre buenas prácticas de simulación clínica y literatura científica sobre prevención del suicidio en el entorno virtual. Para la validación los especialistas validaron el guion mediante la autoaplicación de un formulario de evaluación cuyas respuestas son: "adecuado, regular e inadecuado", con un campo para sugerencias. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva e Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC≥0,8). Resultados: participaron nueve especialistas, la mayoría enfermeros (66,7%), mujeres (55,6%), con una edad promedio de 42,22 años. Todos los elementos del guion cumplieron con el criterio de aceptación (IVC≥0,8). Conclusión: este estudio proporciona un guion útil para la enseñanza sobre la prevención del suicidio en el entorno virtual.

Objetivo: construir e validar um roteiro de ensino baseado em simulação sobre a prevenção do suicídio no ambiente virtual. Método: pesquisa metodológica subdividida em etapa de construção e validação. A construção foi realizada a partir de um template previamente elaborado e embasado por diretrizes internacionais em boas práticas de simulação clínica e literatura científica sobre a prevenção do suicídio no ambiente virtual. Para a validação, o roteiro foi validado por especialistas por meio de autoaplicação de formulário de avaliação com respostas baseadas em: "adequado, regular e inadequado", com campo para as sugestões. Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC≥0,8). Resultados: participaram nove especialistas, sendo a maioria enfermeiras (66,7%), gênero feminino (55,6%), com média de idade de 42,22 anos. Todos os itens do roteiro alcançaram o critério de aceitação (IVC≥0,8). Conclusão: este estudo disponibiliza um roteiro útil para ser empregado no ensino sobre a prevenção do suicídio no ambiente virtual.

Impact of an educational intervention on patient identification adherence by nursing professionals / Impacto de una intervención educativa en la adherencia a la identificación de pacientes por parte de los profesionales de enfermería / Impacto de uma intervenção educacional na adesão à identificação do paciente pelos profissionais de enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the impact of digital educational strategies on nursing professionals' adherence to patient identification as well as the acceptance of these strategies by professionals. Method: this is a pre and post-intervention pilot study developed in a public teaching hospital in a city in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, carried out between March and September 2022, in three phases: 1) pre-intervention - audits of identification wristband at the bedside, elaboration and planning of educational strategies; 2) intervention - short-term online training offered to nursing professionals; 3) post-intervention - repeat audits. For comparative analysis between phases, Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used with a significance level of 5%. Results: a total of 166 beds were audited with a high rate of adherence to the use of identification wristbands, in accordance with standards, and the presence of identification plates (> 80%) both in the pre- and post-intervention period, with a significant increase in patients who identified that professionals checked wristband (p=0.0410) during care. Participants positively assessed the strategies used, although low adherence to training was recorded. Conclusion: there was a positive impact on adherence to patient identification, but management and motivational strategies will be necessary to enable future actions to implement online training.

RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar el impacto de las estrategias educativas digitales en la adherencia de los profesionales de enfermería a la identificación de pacientes, así como la aceptación de estas estrategias por parte de los profesionales. Método: estudio piloto pre y posintervención desarrollado en un hospital público docente de una ciudad del interior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil, realizado entre marzo y septiembre de 2022, en tres fases: 1) preintervención - auditorías del brazalete de identificación a pie de cama, elaboración y planificación de estrategias educativas; 2) intervención - formación en línea de corta duración ofrecida a profesionales de enfermería; 3) posintervención - repetición de auditorías. Para el análisis comparativo entre fases, se utilizó la prueba chi-cuadrado de Pearson y la prueba exacta de Fisher con un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: 166 camas fueron auditadas con un alto índice de adherencia al uso de brazaletes de identificación, de acuerdo con las normas, y la presencia de placas de identificación (> 80%) tanto en el período pre como posintervención, con un aumento significativo en pacientes que identificaron que los profesionales revisaban la pulsera (p=0,0410) durante la asistencia. Los participantes evaluaron positivamente las estrategias utilizadas, aunque se registró baja adherencia al entrenamiento. Conclusión: hubo un impacto positivo en la adherencia a la identificación de pacientes, pero serán necesarias estrategias de gestión y motivación que permitan acciones futuras para implementar la capacitación en línea.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar o impacto de estratégias educacionais digitais na adesão dos profissionais de enfermagem à identificação do paciente, assim como a aceitação destas estratégias por parte dos profissionais. Método: estudo piloto de pré e pós-intervenção desenvolvido em um hospital de ensino público de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, realizado entre março e setembro do ano de 2022, em três fases: 1) pré-intervenção - auditorias da pulseira de identificação à beira-leito, elaboração e planejamento das estratégias educacionais; 2) intervenção - treinamento online de curta duração oferecido aos profissionais de enfermagem; 3) pós-intervenção - repetição de auditorias. Para análise comparativa entre as fases, foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e o teste exato de Fisher com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: foram auditados 166 leitos com alta taxa de adesão ao uso de pulseira de identificação, de acordo com as normas, e a presença de placas de identificação (> 80%) tanto no período pré quanto pós-intervenção, com aumento significativo dos pacientes que identificaram que os profissionais conferiam a pulseira (p=0,0410) durante a assistência. Os participantes avaliaram positivamente as estratégias utilizadas, embora tenha sido registrada baixa adesão ao treinamento. Conclusão: houve um impacto positivo na adesão à identificação do paciente, porém estratégias gerenciais e motivacionais serão necessárias para viabilizar ações futuras de implementação do treinamento online.

Metodologia da problematização no ensino remoto para debater sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em idosos / Problematization methodology in remote teaching to discuss sexually transmitted infections in the elderly

Resumo Introdução: Atualmente o Brasil mostra um expressivo aumento da sobrevida e consequente elevação do número de idosos na sua população. Do ponto de vista de propostas para a melhoria da qualidade de vida deles, a sexualidade deve ser compreendida a partir do princípio holístico, não somente do fator biológico. Nesse cenário, novas reflexões de profissionais da saúde tornam-se indispensáveis para o planejamento de ações específicas, objetivando a atenção integral à saúde do idoso. Relato de experiência: O presente relato de experiência traz o início de um diálogo com acadêmicos de Medicina de uma universidade pública sobre a complexidade da sexualidade e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) em idosos, buscando identificar o conhecimento desses discentes sobre o assunto e idealizar propostas de ação ao público-alvo. Para isso, estruturou-se uma estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem cuja abordagem consistiu na adaptação e aplicação da metodologia do Arco de Maguerez para o debate sobre IST no contexto da saúde pública brasileira, o qual foi realizado com base nas diretrizes do ensino remoto emergencial. Nossos resultados vão de encontro à literatura que visa compreender as representações sociais acerca da sexualidade dos idosos. Neles, verificou-se que as representações sociais acerca da sexualidade na terceira idade assemelham-se à descrição científica, apresentado similitude entre o senso comum e o conhecimento erudito. Discussão: Diante da discrepância descrita na literatura quanto aos conceitos errôneos por parte dos idosos e dos familiares e pelos profissionais de saúde acerca da sexualidade na terceira idade, são imprescindíveis a realização de campanhas e o desenvolvimento de medidas e estratégias preventivas voltadas para idosos, a fim reduzir a incidência de IST nessa comunidade. Para isso, são fundamentais estratégias de educação em saúde no ensino acadêmico e de educação profissional continuada para sedimentar os conhecimentos necessários na idealização de propostas eficazes. Conclusão: A partir da formação médica adequada e por meio da discussão dos aspectos complexos sobre o assunto, serão possíveis a construção, a implementação e a avaliação de políticas públicas de saúde para o enfrentamento das IST, de modo a diminuir as barreiras relacionadas à prevenção de doenças e à promoção de saúde sexual na população idosa.

Abstract Introduction: Brazil is currently reporting a significant increase in survival and consequent rise in its elderly population. From the point of view of proposals to improve their quality of life, sexuality should be understood from a holistic, and not just a biological, perspective. In this scenario, new reflections by health professionals become indispensable for the planning of specific actions aimed at providing comprehensive health care for the elderly. Experience report: This experience report describes the beginning of a dialogue with medical students from a public university about the complexity of sexuality and sexually transmitted infections among the elderly, seeking to identify their knowledge of the subject and devise proposals for action with the target audience. To this end a teaching-learning strategy was structured based on an approach that adapted and applied the Arc of Maguerez methodology to the debate on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the context of Brazilian public health, which was conducted out within the guidelines of emergency remote learning. Our results are in line with the literature that seeks to understand the social representations about sexuality among the elderly. It was found that the social representations about sexuality in the elderly are similar to the scientific description, with similarities between common sense and scholarly knowledge. Discussion: Given the discrepancy described in the literature regarding the misconceptions on the part of the elderly, family members and health professionals about sexuality in old age, it is essential that campaigns be conducted, and preventive measures and strategies developed for the elderly to reduce the incidence of STIs in this community. Hence, health education strategies are needed in academic teaching and continuing professional education to consolidate the knowledge required to devise effective proposals. Conclusions: Based on fit-for-purpose medical education, the discussion of complex aspects about this subject will support the construction, implementation, and evaluation of public health policies to tackle STIs, reducing barriers related to the prevention and promotion of sexual health in the elderly population.

Research on Patients’ Trust Risk Points and Promotion Path from the Perspective of Online Health Community / 中国医学伦理学

Online health community is a new medical treatment mode combining the Internet and medical treatment. Patients can get medical services through the network. However, it cannot be ignored that patients’ trust will be affected by the uncertainty of online medical information, the unsafe factors of patients’ private information, the insufficient standardization of the diagnosis and treatment process, and other issue in the process of using this new medical treatment mode. By taking measures such as improving the information quality in online health community, enhancing patients’ cognitive ability of health information, perfecting privacy protection measures in online health community, advancing patients’ participation in online health community and ensuring the standardization of diagnosis and treatment process, patients’ trust can be improved.

Investigation and Analysis of Online Training Mode of Scientific Research Ethics for Medical Students / 中国医学伦理学

In the training process of medical students in clinical stage,it is very important to strengthen the medical students’ scientific research integrity and ethical awareness and pay attention to the promotion of their scientific research ethics literacy. The traditional training mode is generally through giving lectures in the classroom. In the current COVID-19 prevention and control normalization period,online training mode through network courses,video training,and learning materials sharing has been used to carry out training on scientific research ethics. This online training mode can effectively use students’ scattered time,which makes the training more convenient and students’ participation is higher. Through the questionnaire survey of 350 clinical medical students,this study analyzed the training courses related to scientific ethics that they hope to offer through online training,as well as specific training materials,application software and other issues,in order to enrich the content of online training,update information in a timely manner,and improve the effectiveness of scientific research ethics training.

Development of an online radioactive xenon gas monitoring system for nuclear facilities / 中国辐射卫生

Objective Nowadays, radioactive xenon isotopes, including 131mXe, 133mXe, 133Xe, and 135Xe, are primarily released into the atmosphere through various reactor operation and major accidents of reactors. To improve the online monitoring capability of xenon in nuclear facilities and their gaseous effluents, a highly sensitive online xenon monitoring system was developed to monitor, warn, and alarm the activity concentration of radioactive xenon. Methods The online monitoring system for radioactive xenon gas in nuclear facilities was established using xenon membrane separation and concentration, xenon high-efficiency selective adsorption, and low-background gamma-ray spectrometry analysis methods. Results Under the operation mode of one-hour sampling and one-hour measuring, the minimum detectable activity concentration of the radioactive xenon online monitoring system for 133Xe was approximately (1.43 ± 0.03) Bq/m3. Conclusion This system can be effectively used for online monitoring of xenon activity concentration in nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants and isotope production reactors, as well as in gaseous effluents. It helps improve the safety level of personnel, the environment, and nuclear facilities.

Kajian Rintis Penilaian Literasi Digital: Kesediaan Guru Prasekolah Menggunakan Platform Pembelajaran dalam Talian untuk Pendidikan Pemakanan (A Pilot Study Assessing Digital Literacy: Preschool Teachers’ Readiness to Use Online Learning Platforms in Nutrition Education) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#eToyBox is a learning management system for preschool teachers to improve their health literacy, which ultimately aims to improve children’s obesity-related behaviour. As part of the development process of eToyBox, assessment on digital literacy, acceptance of digitization of education materials, and perceived barriers in adopting online learning is needed. Fifty-four preschool teachers under the Community Development Department (KEMAS) in Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, and Sarawak, who participated in ToyBox Study Malaysia intervention in 2018, took part in this cross-sectional study. An online self-administered questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic background, use of communication tools and media, and teacher’s views on adapting the ToyBox modules to digital education materials. Respondents were contacted, and questionnaire link was shared through WhatsApp messages. Most participants (74.0%) were Malay females aged 31 to 40 years old. Most participants had internet access (94.4%) and owned at least a smart phone, laptop or tablet (94.4%). Participants perceived their computer skills to be average (75.0%). Majority of respondents (65.0%) reported advanced and higher abilities in word processing and email, but only 22.0% in spreadsheet skills. The main barrier to accessing online material was unstable internet connection (74.1%). Most respondents (90.0%) agree that adapting effective modules to online learning will be beneficial for professional development and teaching practices. In conclusion, most participants supported digitizing Toybox Study Malaysia educational content and were comfortable 72 with its implementation via an online learning platform. The findings from this study can advise future development of online learning materials for preschool teachers in Malaysia.

Gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese medicines using multidimensional chromatography combined with chemometric approaches / 中草药·英文版

Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) possess a rich historical background, unique theoretical framework, remarkable therapeutic efficacy, and abundant resources. However, the modernization and internationalization of TCMs have faced significant obstacles due to their diverse ingredients and unknown mechanisms. To gain deeper insights into the phytochemicals and ensure the quality control of TCMs, there is an urgent need to enhance analytical techniques. Currently, two-dimensional (2D) chromatography, which incorporates two independent separation mechanisms, demonstrates superior separation capabilities compared to the traditional one-dimensional (1D) separation system when analyzing TCMs samples. Over the past decade, new techniques have been continuously developed to gain actionable insights from complex samples. This review presents the recent advancements in the application of multidimensional chromatography for the quality evaluation of TCMs, encompassing 2D-gas chromatography (GC), 2D-liquid chromatography (LC), as well as emerging three-dimensional (3D)-GC, 3D-LC, and their associated data-processing approaches. These studies highlight the promising potential of multidimensional chromatographic separation for future phytochemical analysis. Nevertheless, the increased separation capability has resulted in higher-order data sets and greater demands for data-processing tools. Considering that multidimensional chromatography is still a relatively nascent research field, further hardware enhancements and the implementation of chemometric methods are necessary to foster its robust development.

A retrospective study of the online self-regulated learning skills of occupational therapy students enrolled in a full online curriculum at the University of Santo Tomas amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background@#The pandemic brought permanent changes in education in terms of set-up and delivery. In the Philippines, most universities switched to online learning to provide educational continuity to their students. Without direct supervision from instructors, higher educational level learners bear greater responsibility for their learning behaviors, emphasizing the need to employ online self-regulated learning (OSRL) skills, which are goal setting, environment structuring, time management, help-seeking, self-evaluation, and metacognition.@*Objectives@#This study examined the OSRL skills of occupational therapy (OT) students enrolled in a full online curriculum at the University of Santo Tomas (UST) during the academic year (A.Y.) 2020-2021. It also describes the differences between students' OSRL skills and their demographic characteristics—sex, age, year level, and student status.@*Methods@#The study employed a cross-sectional records review of the 2021 Student Life Survey, which was deployed through Google Forms to a total of 205 respondents. Responses from the Online Self-Regulated Questionnaire were extracted and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS version 27, using the Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis Test with a significance level set at 0.050.@*Results@#Data analysis showed that UST OT students reported average to high levels of online self-regulated learning, with the highest SRL mean score in environmental structuring and goal setting. The students’ online self-regulated learning in goal setting is statistically significant to sex (p= 0.021) and age (p= 0.036). Additionally, year levels have a significant difference in task strategies (p= 0.042) and time management (p= 0.006).@*Conclusion@#OSRL skills vary depending on the students’ contexts and learning environment. They are independent of the students’ demographic characteristics. These findings could inform stakeholders and researchers about students’ OSRL levels, which can help in providing pedagogical strategies that will enhance students' self-regulated learning in online education.

Social media content analysis of public and private Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency facebook groups

Background@#As social media continue to grow as popular and convenient tools for acquiring and disseminating health information, the need to investigate its utilization by laypersons encountering common medical issues becomes increasingly essential. @*Objectives@#This study aimed to analyze the content posted in Facebook groups for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and how these engage the members of the group. @*Methods@#This study employed an inductive content analysis of user-posted content in both public and private Facebook groups catering specifically to G6PD deficiency. The G6PD Facebook groups with 10 or more posts within the past 12 months were selected for this study. Data were harvested from posts and comments using ExportComment. @*Results@#A total of 46 G6PD-related Facebook groups were identified. Of which, 19 were public and 27 were private groups, with an average membership of 5000-6000 accounts. After eligibility based on criteria and authorization for private groups, 3 public and 3 private groups were included, with the majority of these groups focused on sharing information. Five main themes of posted content were identified: diagnosis, management, beliefs, psychosocial factors, and medical requirements. “Diagnosis”-related posts referred to conversations about the causes and symptoms of G6PD, “management” referred to medication or diet, “beliefs” involved traditional or lay perceptions, “psychosocial factors” referred to posts that disclosed how psychosocial factors influenced G6PD deficiency practices, and “medical requirements” referred to documentation regarding the condition. The bulk of these posts used three strategies for communication: information-requesting, self-disclosure, and promotion of products/services. Information requests were the most common. @*Conclusion@#The results of the study showed opportunities and challenges in health education on G6PD, especially in evaluating the credibility and accuracy of the information given and received. Looking at the content and manner of communicating information noted, the newborn screening program may improve its advocacy and education campaign, and may develop targeted educational materials and effective dissemination strategies that could clarify, explain, or refute information and beliefs mostly shared on these platforms.

Are Medium Cut-off Membranes the Future, or the Promising Reality for Chronic Hemodialysis Patients?

ABSTRACT The development of hemodialysis (HD) membranes has substantially advanced in the last decade. This has resulted in the manufacturing of medium cut-off membranes (MCO) whose internal architecture is based on greater pore size and a smaller diameter, thus promoting the clearance of particles of greater size as well as retrofiltration. Multiple studies have proven their efficacy in the clearance of uremic mid-sized molecules such as β2-microglobulin, free light chains, and some interleukins; this clearance is far superior with MCO membranes when compared with high-flux HD, and similar to that obtained with online hemodiafiltration. This review summarizes the results of the most relevant clinical studies of this membrane in terms of uremic toxin clearance, as well as the features of some clinical outcomes such as quality of life and hospitalizations.

Relationship between family functioning and food consumption during a health and social crisis: A COVID-19 study in Chile

The COVID-19 pandemic and government measures have challenged family functioning (FF) and eating behaviors. In non-pandemic scenarios, FF has shown a protective role in diet quality. This study aimed to explore the role of FF in family members' food consumption during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. We conducted a cross-sectional, non-probabilistic study. Chilean adults (n= 821) answered an online survey based on the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES) IV and a scale of food intake perceptions (non-processed and processed food). The survey also included an open space for comments (n= 147). Most participants had a medium or high FF category. Participants with higher FF had a lower risk of decreasing the consumption of non-processed foods (RR= 0.58 for fruits and RR= 0.45 for legumes) and lower risk of increasing processed foods (RR= 0.37 for sugar-sweetened beverages, RR= 0.46 for snacks, and RR= 0.64 for chocolates) when compared to lower FF participants and controlling for per-capita income. Participants commented on changes in FF: some had more conflicts and others were happy to be together during the pandemic. Most participants indicated that they maintained or increased non-processed and processed food consumption compared to the pre-pandemic period. They perceived having the opportunity of eating healthier during the pandemic. However, the stress they suffered produced them to eat unhealthily. Therefore, FF had a protective role in diet quality during the pandemic. Policymakers should consider FF when promoting healthy diets, especially in health crises.

La pandemia por COVID-19 y las medidas gubernamentales han desafiado el funcionamiento familiar (FF) y los hábitos alimentarios. En escenarios no pandémicos, el FF ha demostrado un papel protector en la calidad de la dieta. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar el papel del FF en el consumo de alimentos de los miembros de la familia durante la primera ola de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Chile. Realizamos un estudio transversal, no probabilístico. Adultos chilenos (n= 821) respondieron una encuesta online basada en la Escala de Evaluación de Cohesión y Adaptabilidad Familiar (FACES) IV y una escala de percepción de consumo de alimentos (alimentos no procesados y procesados). La encuesta también incluyó un espacio abierto para comentarios (n= 147). La mayoría de los participantes tenían una categoría de FF medio o FF alto. Los participantes con mayor FF tenían un menor riesgo de disminuir el consumo de alimentos no procesados (RR= 0,58 para frutas y RR= 0,45 para legumbres) y menor riesgo de aumentar los alimentos procesados (RR= 0,37 para bebidas azucaradas, RR= 0,46 para snacks, y RR= 0,64 para chocolates) en comparación con los participantes de FF más bajos y controlando por ingreso per cápita. Los participantes comentaron cambios en sus FF y teniendo más conflictos, aunque algunos estaban felices de estar juntos durante la pandemia. La mayoría de los participantes indicaron que mantuvieron o aumentaron los alimentos procesados y no procesados en comparación con el período pre-pandemia. Ellos percibieron tener la oportunidad de comer más sano. Sin embargo, el estrés que sufrían les producía comer menos saludable. La FF tuvo un papel protector en la calidad de la dieta durante la pandemia. Quienes formulen políticas públicas deben considerar la AF cuando promuevan dietas saludables, especialmente en crisis de salud.

Percepción sobre el proceso de aprendizaje bajo el contexto de virtualidad en estudiantes de odontología / Perception of the learning process under the context of virtuality in dental students

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo conocer la percepción de los estudiantes de odontología sobre su proceso de aprendizaje bajo el contexto de la virtualidad. Para ello se realizó la búsqueda de artículos científicos, artículos de revisión y tesis publicadas desde el año 2020 hasta el 2023. Las bases de datos de donde se recopilaron los estudios fueron: Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, y Google Académico. Las opiniones de los estudiantes fueron positivas en su mayoría. Los aspectos positivos de la virtualidad se relacionaron a la flexibilidad de horarios, ahorro de tiempo y gastos extras; así mismo indicaron que resulta ser una manera didáctica de llevar las asignaturas teóricas. Por otro lado, los aspectos negativos se vincularon a las asignaturas clínicas y de laboratorio, señalaron que su proceso de aprendizaje durante la pandemia fue deficiente en estas materias. Sin embargo, algunos estudios demostraron que la virtualidad es una buena alternativa complementaria para los estudiantes de preclínica, debido a que los prepara para abordar al paciente con mayor confianza y seguridad. Se puede concluir que la virtualidad es un buen aliado en el aprendizaje de educación dental, algunos de los estudiantes alientan a que esta modalidad continúe a través del tiempo, sobre todo en cursos teóricos y preclínicos. La virtualidad puede seguir siendo parte de la educación dental en nuestro país, pero de ello también depende de las estrategias y metodologías de enseñanza que lo acompañen.

The objective of this article is to know the perception of dental students about their learning process under the context of virtuality. For this purpose, a search was carried out for scientific articles, review articles and theses published from 2020 to 2023. The databases from which the studies were compiled were: Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, and Google Scholar. The opinions of the students were mostly positive. The positive aspects of virtuality were related to the flexibility of schedules, time savings and extra expenses; They also indicated that it turns out to be a didactic way of carrying out the theoretical subjects. On the other hand, the negative aspects were linked to clinical and laboratory subjects; they indicated that their learning process during the pandemic was deficient in these subjects. However, some studies have shown that virtuality is a good complementary alternative for preclinical students, because it prepares them to approach the patient with greater confidence and security. It can be concluded that virtuality is a good ally in learning dental education; some of the students encourage this modality to continue over time, especially in theoretical and preclinical courses. Virtuality can continue to be part of dental education in our country, but it also depends on the teaching strategies and methodologies that accompany it.

A experiência da escrita para uma construção cartográfica: caderno digital itinerante como dispositivo / The writing experience for a cartographic construction: itinerant digital notebook as a device / La experiencia de escritura para una construcción cartográfica: el cuaderno digital itinerante como dispositivo

O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir acerca da utilização de um dispositivo de pesquisa: o caderno digital itinerante, a partir do qual foi possível promover a construção conjunta de uma pesquisa, partindo do método cartográfico. A pesquisa de campo que deu origem a esta reflexão metodológica teve por objetivo principal cartografar experiências sapatão na cidade, por meio da construção conjunta de um caderno digital itinerante no qual as participantes, juntamente com a pesquisadora, escreviam sobre suas experiências como mulheres lésbicas e/ou pessoas que se reconheciam enquanto sapatão. Tendo como um dos instrumentos a análise do diário de campo, produzido durante a pesquisa, foi possível discutir em profundidade o enfoque metodológico adotado e questionar a dicotomia pesquisadora-objeto, provocando algumas reflexões acerca da temática da participação e do desenvolvimento de pesquisas on-line, sobretudo no período pandêmico. Por fim, apostar na cartografia enquanto método de pesquisa com e não sobre permitiu a produção de uma pesquisadora sapatão que pudesse se ocupar da escuta, lendo sobre diferentes processos de subjetivação e, com isso, produzindo outros sentidos para seu objeto de pesquisa. (AU)

The aim of this study was to discuss the use of a research tool: the itinerant digital notebook, which facilitated the collaborative construction of research based on the cartographic method. The field research that gave rise to this methodological reflection aimed to map dyke experiences in the city through the collaborative construction of an itinerant digital notebook. In this note-book, participants, alongside the researcher, wrote about their experiences as lesbian women and/or individuals who identified as dykes. Using the analysis of the field diary produced during the research as one of the instruments, it was possible to deeply discuss the adopted methodological approach and question the researcher-object dichotomy, prompting reflections on the theme of participation and the development of online research, especially during the pandemic period. Ultimately, embracing cartography as a research method with, not on, participants allowed the production of a dyke researcher who could engage in listening, reading about different processes of subjectivation, and thereby generating alternative meanings for her object of study. (AU)

El objetivo de este trabajo fue discutir el uso de un dispositivo de investigación: el cuaderno digital itinerante, a partir del cual fue posible promover la cons-trucción conjunta de una investigación, a partir del método cartográfico. La investigación de campo que dio origen a esta reflexión metodológica tuvo como objetivo principal mapear las experiencias lesbianas en la ciudad, a través de la construcción conjunta de un cuaderno digital itinerante en el que las parti-cipantes, junto con la investigadora, escribieron sobre sus experiencias como lesbianas y/o personas que se reconocían como bolleras/camioneras. Teniendo como uno de los instrumentos el análisis del diario de campo producido durante la investigación, fue posible discutir en profundidad el abordaje metodológico adoptado y cuestionar la dicotomía investigadora-objeto, provocando algunas reflexiones sobre el tema de la participación y el desarrollo de investigación, especialmente en el período de pandemia. Finalmente, apostar por la carto-grafía como método de investigación con participantes y no sobre las partici-pantes permitió producir una investigadora lesbiana que podía ocuparse de escuchar, leer sobre diferentes procesos de subjetivación y, con eso, producir otros significados para su objeto de investigación. (AU)

Repercussões da Pandemia de COVID-19 no Tratamento de Pacientes com Anorexia/Bulimia: Revisão de Escopo / Repercussions of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Treatment of Patients with Anorexia and Bulimia: Scoping Review

A emergência sanitária deflagrada pela pandemia de COVID-19 exigiu que os serviços de saúde especializados na assistência aos Transtornos Alimentares se adaptassem às novas circunstâncias impostas pela necessidade de distanciamento social. Considerando essa perspectiva, delineou-se uma revisão de escopo com objetivo de analisar as estratégias de cuidado adotadas por profissionais da saúde para garantirem a continuidade do atendimento interdisciplinar aos pacientes em tempos de COVID-19. Foram consultadas as bases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, LILACS e SciELO entre 2020 e 2022. Identificaram-se 387 registros nas bases de dados, dos quais 11 preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade e foram selecionados. Os resultados foram organizados em três categorias temáticas: (1) a "não escolha" da escolha do formato online: prós e contras; (2) foco na comunicação e acolhimento: ressignificando o uso do dispositivo online; (3) intervenções online: adaptações, inovações e recursos alternativos. As principais estratégias utilizadas durante a transição do tratamento para o ambiente online foram: teleatendimento e psicoterapia online. Apesar de terem sido bem avaliadas, foram percebidas barreiras para superar as limitações do cuidado online, como a desconfiança dos pacientes e seus potenciais efeitos na qualidade do vínculo terapêutico.

The health emergency triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic demanded that health services specialized in treating Eating Disorders adapt to the new circumstances imposed by social distancing. Considering this perspective, a scoping review was designed with the objective of analyzing the care strategies adopted by health professionals to maintain continuity of interdisciplinary care to patients in times of COVID-19. The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO databases were queried. A total of 387 records were identified in the databases, of which 11 met the eligibility criteria and were selected. The results were organized into three thematic categories: (1) the "non-choice" of choosing the online format: pros and cons; (2) focus on communication and welcoming: resignifying the use of the online device; (3) online interventions: adaptations, innovations and alternative resources. The main strategies used during the transition of the treatment to the online environment were: telehealth and online psychotherapy. Although well evaluated, barriers to overcome the limitations of online care were perceived, such as patients' distrust and its potential effects on the quality of the therapeutic bond.