ABSTRACT
Resumen El documento tiene como objetivo, "proponer una metodología para la medición de la Apropiación Social de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación (ASCTI) en organizaciones rurales. Para ello se utilizó la triangulación metodológica, lo que permitió construir dos instrumentos para su medición. Al respecto se encontró que, la medición de la ASCTI es un camino en construcción, por lo cual no hay certezas, sino por el contrario algunas aproximaciones. No obstante, es necesaria la complementariedad en la utilización de instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos para una mejor comprensión de los procesos que se dan en las organizaciones rurales.
Abstract The objective of the document is to "propose a methodology for the measurement of the Social Appropriation of Science, Technology, and Innovation (ASCTI) in rural organizations." For this purpose, methodological triangulation was used, which allowed the construction of two instruments for its measurement. In this respect, it was found that the measurement of the ASCTI is a path under construction, for which there are no certainties, but on the contrary, some approximations. However, complementarity in the use of quantitative and qualitative instruments is necessary for a better understanding of the processes occurring in rural organizations.
ABSTRACT
Los Living Labs son experiencias colaborativas que buscan implicar a la ciudadanía en la gobernanza científica y la evaluación de tecnologías. A pesar de su interés, se sabe muy poco sobre estas comunidades, su funcionamiento, tipología y características. Por ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre de un tipo particular de Living Lab, orientado hacia las personas mayores: los Living Senior Labs. A partir de una búsqueda general en las principales bases de datos científicas (WOS y Scopus), y de la aplicación de criterios de inclusión preestablecidos tras la primera selección quedaron finalmente seleccionados 19 estudios sobre Senior Labs (2010 y 2021). Los resultados proporcionan un mejor conocimiento de este tipo de ecosistemas y crean una base firme para avanzar en el conocimiento de este campo. (AU)
Os Living Labs são experiências colaborativas que procuram envolver os cidadãos na governança científica e na avaliação tecnológica. Apesar de seu interesse, muito pouco se sabe sobre essas comunidades, seu funcionamento, tipologia e características. Portanto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre um tipo particular de Living Lab, orientado para os idosos: os Living Senior Labs. Com base em uma pesquisa geral nos principais bancos de dados científicos (WOS e Scopus) e na aplicação de critérios de inclusão pré-estabelecidos, foram selecionados 19 estudos sobre os Senior Labs (2010 a 2021). Os resultados proporcionam uma melhor compreensão deste tipo de ecossistema e criam uma base firme para o avanço do conhecimento neste campo. (AU)
Living Labs are collaborative experiences that seek to involve citizens in scientific governance and technology assessment. In spite of their interest, very little is known about these communities, their functioning, typology and characteristics. Thus, a systematic literature review was carried out about a particular type of Living Lab, oriented towards the elderly: Living Senior Labs. Based on a general search in the main scientific databases (WOS and Scopus), and the application of pre-established inclusion criteria, 19 studies about Senior Labs were selected (2010 to 2021). The results provide a more comprehensive understanding of this type of ecosystem and create a strong foundation for progress in the knowledge of this area. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Organizational Innovation , Aged , Geriatrics/methods , Health Facilities/trends , Ecosystem , CreativityABSTRACT
La gestión de la investigación, el desarrollo y la innovación constituye un factor clave de éxito para la competitividad de las industrias de alta tecnología, como la biofarmacéutica, y se convierte en un requisito a satisfacer para tener más éxito comercial y en la salud. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo proponer un enfoque para la gestión de la investigación, el desarrollo y la innovación, y mostrar algunas de las aplicaciones realizadas en los últimos 20 años en un centro biofarmacéutico cubano. El enfoque integrado y abierto desde las primeras etapas de la generación de las innovaciones de productos, servicios, procesos, organizacionales y de comercialización contribuye al incremento sistemático de la eficiencia y de la eficacia y al cumplimiento de los requisitos regulatorios(AU)
Research, development and innovation management is a key success factor for the competitiveness of high technology industries, such as the biopharmaceutical, and a requirement to be met in order to accomplish greater commercial and health achievements. The present paper proposes an approach to research, development and innovation management, and presents some of the applications implemented in the past 20 years in a Cuban biopharmaceutical center. Integrated and open from the very first stages in the generation of innovations for organizational and commercial products, services and processes, the approach contributes to systematically enhance efficiency and efficacy, as well as meet the regulatory requirements(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Total Quality Management , Knowledge Management for Health Research , Knowledge ManagementABSTRACT
RESUMO Abordamos aqui a nucleação de um modelo de inovação aberta na Vale (uma das maiores mineradoras do mundo) apresentando o contexto histórico em que se deu esse processo. Discutimos algumas das questões que possivelmente haviam até então dificultado a implantação de uma estrutura de pesquisa e desenvolvimento focando o longo prazo pela indústria no Brasil. Destacamos algumas das dificuldades encontradas ao longo do processo, bem como algumas das razões que levaram ao sucesso da iniciativa.
ABSTRACT We discuss how Vale (one of the world's largest diversified mining companies) implemented an organizational structure that enabled an open innovation model. We describe the historical perspective in which this process took place. In addition, we present some of the potential causes underlying the slow advance of Brazilian industry in undertaking long-term research and development agendas. Lastly, we list some of the obstacles encountered in this process, as well as some of the potential reasons that might have contributed to the success of the initiative.
Subject(s)
Research , Creativity , Academies and Institutes , Industry , MiningABSTRACT
Open innovation experiment is a new measure to enhance the research interest and abil-ity of undergraduates in recent years. Depending on the open experiment, teaching experiment reform and research projects,the Function Experiment Center of Jilin University makes teaching and research fuse into an integration by the means of all-round opening experiment platform, establishing project library of inno-vative experiments and network management system, and open innovative experiment teaching measure, which contains the participation of excellent teachers and experimental technology teachers. Based on this mutual promoting relationship between teaching and research, a new model of teaching and research inte-gration has been formed.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Over the past decades, Brazilian agriculture has played an important role in the international market, in response to growing global demand for products, services and food security. This achievement was in a large extent powered by the ability to generate knowledge and the actions promoted by science and technology institutes. This article aims to describe the model of knowledge generation in agriculture, assuming that the knowledge cycle is responsible for the capture, identification, selection and share of informal and formal information, through practices in the workplace and outside it, in personal and institutional networks. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this research deals with a multi-case study on three Brazilian science and technology institutes dedicated to agricultural research. Using both, qualitative and quantitative approaches, and collecting data through semi-structured interviews applied to seniors researchers, as well as questionnaires answered by 410 scientists holding master's and doctoral degrees in natural sciences. Results indicate the existence of a knowledge generation model in agriculture research focused innovation, whose process starts from capturing ideas on how to solve a problem using the technological competence developed, through formal research projects.
RESUMO: No decorrer das últimas décadas, a agropecuária brasileira tem desempenhado um papel importante no mercado internacional, em resposta às crescentes demandas globais por produtos, serviços e segurança alimentar. Essa conquista foi estimulada, em grande parte, pela capacidade de geração de conhecimento e ações promovidas pelos institutos de ciência e tecnologia. Este artigo visa a descrever o modelo de geração do conhecimento na pesquisa agropecuária, assumindo que o ciclo do conhecimento inclui a captura, internalização e compartilhamento do conhecimento, mediante práticas informais e formais no ambiente de trabalho e nas redes de relacionamento, pessoais e institucionais. Precedida por ampla revisão teórica, a pesquisa é baseada em um estudo multicasos em três institutos de ciência e tecnologia, com foco na pesquisa agropecuária, com abordagem quali-quantitativa, instrumentalizada por entrevistas semiestruturadas aos pesquisadores seniores e aplicação de questionários em uma amostra de 410 pesquisadores com título de mestres e doutores em áreas relacionadas à pesquisa agropecuária. Os resultados indicam um modelo de geração do conhecimento em institutos de pesquisa agropecuária voltados à inovação, que tem origem na captura de ideias sobre como solucionar um problema com uso da competência tecnológica desenvolvida, por meio da elaboração do projeto de pesquisa.
ABSTRACT
In order to cultivate students' quality of scientific research thinking,self-learning ability,innovation ability and practical ability,Open Innovation Experiment Project which is suitable for the undergraduate students has been carried out in Jilin university.The feature of experiment is based on the teacher's scientific research project,and the experimental design is completed by the students independently.By the stage inspection as a monitoring mechanism,the overall effect evaluation of the experimental project has been conducted by the combination of the process and the results.Through the selection,design,implementation and results of practice,students can not only cultivate innovative consciousness and comprehensive thinking and the spirit of unity and cooperation,but also have a basic understanding of scientific research work.