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1.
Chinese Journal of Health Policy ; (12): 21-28, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-703595

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the effect of private hospitals development on the operational efficiency of public hospitals. Methods: The effect was performed using the Malmquist-Tobit Method. Results: The results found that from 2010 to 2015, the average factor of Total Productivity Index ( TPI) of the Chinese public hospitals was 1. 036 and the contribution rates of technological progress and technical efficiency were 66. 7% and 33. 3% , respec-tively. The coefficients of correlation between total productivity index, technological progress and technical efficiency were 0. 328, 0. 742. The structure optimization of private hospitals exerted a very significant inhibitory effect on the operating efficiency of public hospitals. The core resources of private hospitals were significantly promoted, and the number of public hospitals and scale of industries were not significant as per results revealed. Conclusion: The opera-tional efficiency of the public hospitals in China was in the overall improvement stage, but there was a threat of irreg-ular negative growth associated with regional and inter-provincial differentiation. The operational efficiency was driven by the technical progress and efficiency double paths. The effect of private hospitals on operational efficiency of pub-lic hospitals was characterized by heterogeneity, asymmetry and threshold characteristics under the framework of structural competition between private and public hospitals.

2.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 34(5): 1320-1326, Sept.-Oct. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-567350

ABSTRACT

A consolidação do sistema de semeadura direta trás grandes benefícios ao meio ambiente e, também, é notável a redução dos custos de produção devido a desnecessidade das operações como aração, subsolagem, escarificação e gradagem. Porém, nesse sistema se têm muitos problemas relacionados a compactação das camadas superficiais em função do tráfego de máquinas e a consorciação lavoura-pecuária. A solução encontrada pelos agricultores tem sido a substituição, na semeadora-adubadora, do sulcador disco duplo pela haste sulcadora que atua em profundidades superiores. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar diferentes profundidades de trabalho da haste sulcadora, analisando o consumo de combustível, força de tração, índice de patinagem, potência na barra de tração, consumo específico de combustível e capacidade de campo teórica de um trator agrícola tracionando uma semeadora-adubadora em solo compactado pela integração lavoura-pecuária. Os tratamentos foram 100, 150, 200 e 250 mm de profundidade de trabalho da haste sulcadora, sendo os ensaios desenvolvidos no Departamento de Engenharia da Universidade Federal de Lavras, utilizando delineamento experimental de blocos, casualisados, composto por quatro tratamentos e três repetições. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o aumento da profundidade de trabalho da haste sulcadora em semeadoras-adubadoras de semeadura direta de milho em solos compactados ocorre o aumento no consumo de combustível, no índice de patinagem e no esforço de tração dos tratores agrícolas. Porém, quando a ponteira da haste sulcadora trabalhou posicionada 50 mm abaixo da camada mais compactada se teve reduções nos parâmetros força de tração e índice de patinagem, aumentando a capacidade de campo teórica.


The direct sowing system brings many benefits to the environment and also reduction in production costs, since operations such as plowing, subsoiling, chiseling and harrowing are unnecessary. However, there are many problems regarding compaction of the surface layers of soils due to machinery traffic and crop-livestock integration. The solution found by the farmers is the change of the double disc on the seeders for the shanks, which operate deeper. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate different operation depths of the shank, analyzing the fuel consumption, traction force, slip index, draw-bar leverage, specific consumption of fuel and the theoretical field capacity of a tractor pulling a seeder-fertilizer over a soil compacted due to crop-livestock integration. The treatments were composed of four depths of the shanks, which were placed operating 100, 150, 200 and 250 mm deep. The experiments were carried out in randomized blocks design with four treatments and three repetitions at the Engineering Department of the Federal University of Lavras. The results showed that the increasing of operation depth of the shanks in a compacted soil increases the fuel consumption, the slip index and the leverage on the draw-bar. But when the shanks operated 50 mm beyond the most compacted layer, the traction force and the slip index have decreased, increasing the theoretical field capacity.

3.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 32(2): 540-546, mar.-abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-483359

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar tecnicamente três semeadoras para plantio direto de milho, montou-se um experimento em área do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola da UFLA, sob Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico argiloso (LVdf), utilizando-se as seguintes semeadoras: S1 - Semeato SHM 11/13; S2 - John Deere RT 907 e S3 - John Deere RT 907, com diferentes sistemas de abertura de sulcos para deposição de adubo, deslocando-se a três velocidades distintas, de V1 (1,38 m.s-1), V2 (1,8 m.s-1) e V3 (2,22 m.s-1). As variáveis quantificadas foram: patinagem, força média na barra de tração, potência média por mecanismo de semeadura, consumo horário e específico de combustível e capacidade de campo teórica. Adotou-se um delineamento estatístico em blocos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas. A partir dos resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que, com relação ao desempenho operacional do conjunto trator-semeadora, ocorreram diferenças significativas entre os três conjuntos quanto à força na barra e ao consumo de combustível. Quanto à patinagem e a potência, não ocorreu diferença significativa entre os conjuntos 1 e 2, apresentando menor valor, diferindo do conjunto 3. Para os parâmetros técnico-operacionais avaliados, a condição de melhor desempenho foi observada para S1V3 (Semeato SHM 11/13 e 2,22 m.s-1).


With the aim of evaluating technically three sowing machines for no-tillage farming of corn, an experiment was established in the area of the Agricultural Engineering of the UFLA, under Typic Distroferric Red Latosol clayey (LVdf), by using the three following sowing machines: S1 - Semeato SHM 11/13; S2 - John Deere RT 907 and e S3 - John Deere RT 907, with different furrow opening systems for fertilizer placement, moving at three different speeds of V1 (1,38 m.s-1), V2 (1,8 m.s-1) e V3 (2,22 m.s-1). The variables quantified were: skidding, average power on the draw bar, average power per sowing mechanism, per hour and specific fuel consumption and theoretical field capacity. A statistical design in randomized blocks with split plot distribuition was adopted. From the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that, as regard to the operational system of the tractor-sowing assembly present significant differences occurred among the three assemblies for the power on the bar and fuel consumption. As for skidding and power, no significant difference occurred between assemblies 1 and 2, differing from assembly 3. For the parameters techniques-operational evaluated of the better performance was observed for S1V3 (Semeato SHM 11/13 e 2,22 m.s-1).

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