Clinical observation of different surgical methods for metaphyseal sequelae of ulna / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect and safety of ulnar osteochondroma resection, ulnar minimally invasive osteotomy, external fixation and ulnar lengthening in the treatment of forearm deformity of metaphyseal extension of ulna.@*METHODS@#From August 2005 to December 2013, there were 20 cases of ulnar metaphyseal sequelae, including 15 males and 5 females, aged from 7 to 13(10.00±2.34) years, the course of disease ranged for 6 to 11(8.10±1.52) months. The clinical manifestations were shortening of the affected forearm and bending to the ulnar side. The postoperative evaluation included pain, activities of daily living, orthopedic effect and the range of motion of wrist, elbow and forearm. The radiological evaluation included ulnar length, radial joint inclination angle and wrist epiphysis growth.@*RESULTS@#All patients healed without infection. The only operation related to complications was ulnar lengthening, including 1 case of nonunion, 2 cases of ulnar lengthening callus fracture and 1 case of temporary radial nerve palsy. All patients were followed up for 4 to 7.5 years, with an average of (6.03±1.33) years. There were statistically significant differences in changes of wrist radial deviation, ulnar deviation, forearm pronation and supination in all cases (@*CONCLUSION@#Ulnar lengthening is not beneficial to prevent the development of long-term deformity. Simple resection of osteochondroma of distal ulna is beneficial to prevent the development of deformity. Patients with limited rotation of wrist joint and forearm and strong demand for improvement of appearance can be actively treated.

Clinical application of self-made minimally invasive hood-assisted transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion via modified bilateral Wiltse approach in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the advantages of self made minimally invasive hook assisted transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) via modified bilateral Wiltse approach in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 140 patients underwent lumbar spine fusion surgery from October 2016 to October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 72 cases were treated by self-made minimally invasive hook-assisted TLIF via modified bilateral Wiltse approach (group A), there were 37 males and 35 females, aged (48±16) years old;68 cases were treated by TLIF via traditional posterior median approach (group B ), there were 38 males and 30 females, aged (45±15) years old. The surgical incision size, operation time, intraoperative blood loss volume, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative wound healing, and intervertebral fusion rate at the final follow-up were recorded between two groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to assess the clinical efficacy.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were followed up for 3 to 13 (8±5) months. The wound in group A healed well after operation, and 1 case in group B occurred wound necrosis after operation, and healed after debridement and suture. There were no significant differences in operation time and postoperative fusion rate between two surgical methods (@*CONCLUSION@#The self made minimally invasive hook assistedTLIF via modified bilateral Wiltse approach has the characteristics of minimally invasive, less intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative drainage, fewer complications, and more stable fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative desease.

Eventos adversos cirúrgicos divulgados na mídia audiovisual: um estudo documental / Eventos quirúrgicos adversos en medios audiovisuales: estudio documental / Surgical adverse events in audiovisual media: a documentary study

RESUMO Objetivo analisar os eventos adversos cirúrgicos divulgados por uma mídia brasileira. Método pesquisa documental, qualitativa. A fonte de informação consistiu em reportagens audiovisuais sobre danos decorrentes de intervenções cirúrgicas, noticiadas em uma mídia brasileira. Para as buscas no portal eletrônico, consideraram-se as publicadas até junho de 2019. O referencial de Bardin foi empregado na análise temática. Os incidentes mencionados foram classificados segundo as barreiras de segurança contidas na Lista de Verificação de Segurança Cirúrgica (LVSC) da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Resultados foram analisados 16 casos apresentados através de 17 reportagens. Do total de falhas cometidas (n=16), a maioria (n=13) poderia ser prevenida através da checagem de itens contidos na LVSC. Na análise temática, três categorias emergiram: i. incidente relacionado à intervenção cirúrgica; ii. danos físicos, psicológicos e socioeconômicos decorrentes; iii. consequências ético-profissionais e/ou jurídicas. Conclusão e implicações para a prática os eventos adversos cirúrgicos divulgados pelas reportagens impactaram sobremaneira a vida dos pacientes, nos aspectos físicos, emocionais e socioeconômicos. Ainda trouxeram implicações para os profissionais envolvidos e instituições de saúde. Acredita-se que, as barreiras de segurança contidas em instrumento de verificação mundialmente reconhecido, são importantes ferramentas a serem empregadas para promover a segurança do paciente cirúrgico e salvar vidas.

RESUMEN Objetivo analizar los eventos quirúrgicos adversos reportados por un medio brasileño. Método investigación documental, cualitativa. La fuente de información consistió en reportajes audiovisuales sobre daños resultantes de intervenciones quirúrgicas, reportados en un medio brasileño. Para las búsquedas en el portal electrónico, se consideraron las publicaciones realizadas hasta junio de 2019. En el análisis temático se utilizó el marco de Bardin. Los incidentes mencionados fueron clasificados de acuerdo a las barreras de seguridad contenidas en la Lista de Verificación de Seguridad Quirúrgica (LVSC) de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Resultados se analizaron 16 casos presentados a través de 17 informes. Del total de fallas cometidos (n = 16), la mayoría (n = 13) podría evitarse mediante la verificación de los elementos contenidos en el LVSC. En el análisis temático surgieron tres categorías: i. Incidente relacionado con la intervención quirúrgica; ii. daño físico, psicológico y socioeconómico resultante; iii. Consecuencias ético-profesionales y / o legales. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica los eventos quirúrgicos adversos reportados por los informes impactaron enormemente en la vida de los pacientes, en los aspectos físicos, emocionales y socioeconómicos. También trajeron implicaciones para los profesionales involucrados y las instituciones de salud. Se cree que las barreras de seguridad contenidas en un instrumento de verificación reconocido mundialmente son herramientas importantes que se utilizarán para promover la seguridad de los pacientes quirúrgicos y salvar vidas.

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze surgical adverse events reported by a Brazilian media. Method documentary and qualitative research. The source of information consisted of audiovisual reports on damages resulting from surgical interventions, reported in a Brazilian media. For searches on the electronic portal, those published until June 2019 were considered. Bardin's framework was used in the thematic analysis. The aforementioned incidents were classified according to the safety barriers contained in the Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) of the World Health Organization. Results a total of 16 cases presented through 17 reports were analyzed. Of the total number of failures committed (n = 16), the majority (n = 13) could be prevented by checking items contained in the SSC. In the thematic analysis, three categories emerged: i. incident related to surgical intervention; ii. physical, psychological and socioeconomic resulting damage; iii. ethical-professional and/or legal consequences. Conclusion and implications for the practice the adverse surgical events disclosed by the reports greatly impacted on the lives of patients, in physical, emotional and socioeconomic aspects. They also brought implications for the professionals and health institutions involved. It is believed that the safety barriers contained in a globally recognized verification instrument are important tools to be used to promote the safety of surgical patients and save lives.

Serosal and muscular layers incision and use of submucosal layers exfoliation technique in laparoscopic surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of serosal muscular layers incision and submucosal layers exfoliation technique in laparoscopic surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Methods 28 patients with gastric GIST underwent serosal muscular layers incision and submucosal layers exfoliation technique under laparoscopic surgery.Patients' clinicopathologic characteristics,operative outcomes,postoperative complications,and follow up results were analyzed retrospectively.Results Surgery was successfully completed in all patients,and no one was converted to open surgery.The average operation time was (66 ± 15) min,and the intra operative blood loss was (16 ± 10) ml,the time of passage of gas by anus after operation was (20 ± 10)h,the time starting liquid diet was (2.5 ± 1.6) d,and the length of postoperative hospital stay was (7 ± 3) d.One patient had delayed gastric emptying,one had incisional infection.All the specimen had complete pseudocapsule and negative margin.pathology was all gastric GIST.After a median 22 months followed up,no recurrence or metastasis were found.Conclusion Serosal muscular layers incision and submucosal layers exfoliation under laparoscopic surgery is a safe and feasible procedure for treating gastric GIST.

Serosal and muscular layers incision and use of submucosal layers exfoliation technique in laparoscopic surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of serosal muscular layers incision and submucosal layers exfoliation technique in laparoscopic surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).@*Methods@#28 patients with gastric GIST underwent serosal muscular layers incision and submucosal layers exfoliation technique under laparoscopic surgery. Patients′clinicopathologic characteristics, operative outcomes, postoperative complications, and follow up results were analyzed retrospectively.@*Results@#Surgery was successfully completed in all patients, and no one was converted to open surgery.The average operation time was (66±15) min, and the intra operative blood loss was (16±10) ml, the time of passage of gas by anus after operation was (20±10)h, the time starting liquid diet was(2.5±1.6)d, and the length of postoperative hospital stay was (7±3)d. One patient had delayed gastric emptying, one had incisional infection. All the specimen had complete pseudocapsule and negative margin. pathology was all gastric GIST. After a median 22 months followed up, no recurrence or metastasis were found.@*Conclusion@#Serosal muscular layers incision and submucosal layers exfoliation under laparoscopic surgery is a safe and feasible procedure for treating gastric GIST.

Manejo de la fístula ano-recto-vaginal compleja mediante el procedimiento de Martius: reporte de cinco casos / Martius procedure in complex anorectal-vaginal fistula management: five-case report

La reparación de fístulas ano-recto-vaginales complejas representa un reto anatomoquirúrgico para el cirujano, debiendo seleccionarse el procedimiento quirúrgico adecuado para cada caso. El procedimiento de Martius consiste en la trasposición del músculo bulbocavernoso para reparar la fístula recto-vaginal. Se presentan cinco casos de fístulas ano-recto-vaginales reparadas por este procedimiento desde el 2010 hasta el 2014. La edad promedio fue de 38,2 años, tres fístulas (60%) fueron de etiología obstétrica, una inducida por radiación y otra de etiología desconocida. El seguimiento promedio fue de 25 meses, con una tasa de éxito de 100%. El procedimiento de Martius es una buena alternativa para la reparación quirúrgica de fístulas ano-recto-vaginales complejas.

The repair of complex anorectal-vaginal fistulas represents an anatomic-surgical challenge for the surgeon, and the appropriate surgical procedure must be selected for each case. The procedure of Martius is described as the transposition of the bulbocavernosus muscle to repair the recto-vaginal fistula. Five cases of anorectal-vaginal fistulae were repaired by this procedure from 2010 to 2014. The mean age was 38.2 years; three fistulas (60%) were of obstetric etiology, one induced by radiation and one of unknown etiology. The mean follow-up was 25 months, with a 100% success rate. The Martius procedure is a good alternative for the surgical repair of complex anorectal-vaginal fistulas.

Control de daño y estabilización temprana definitiva en el tratamiento del paciente politraumatizado / Damage control and definitive early stabilization in the treatment of polytrauma patient

Introducción En este estudio se busca evaluar los desenlaces de los pacientes con traumatismo múltiple, fractura de pelvis o de huesos largos, que recibieron tratamiento con estabilización definitiva de sus fracturas en las primeras 48 horas y después de 48 horas del episodio traumático. Materiales y métodos Estudio de tipo cohorte retrospectiva que incluye a todos los pacientes politraumatizados con fracturas de pelvis o de huesos largos, que ingresaron en una institución de salud de nivel IV entre enero de 2012 y junio de 2016. Se evaluaron mortalidad, infección, tiempo de hospitalización y complicaciones. Además, se calculó el índice de gravedad del traumatismo (ISS) y el nuevo índice (NISS) de cada paciente. Resultados Ingresaron 220 pacientes, con predominio masculino (82%). La nueva escala del índice de gravedad del traumatismo (NISS) registró una mediana 4,5 puntos mayor a la mediana de la escala de ISS tradicional (34 frente a 29,5; p = 0,016). Los pacientes con fijación temprana definitiva tuvieron menor tiempo de hospitalización (p = 0,008) y menos complicaciones (p = 0,022). Discusión La escala tradicional del ISS podría subestimar la gravedad del traumatismo en los pacientes politraumatizados al no permitir que un mismo sistema registre más de una afectación independiente de cuán comprometido haya estado. El control del daño se puede reservar para los pacientes más graves, que no se compensan tras la reanimación inicial, con valores de ISS y NISS por encima de 36 y 40 puntos, respectivamente. Nivel de evidencia clínica Nivel II.

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate patients with multiple trauma and pelvis or long bones fractures that were treated with definite fixation of their fractures in the first 48 hours of trauma and after 48 hours. Methods Retrospective cohort study that includes all polytraumatized patients with pelvis or long bones fracture, that were admitted to a first level trauma center between January 2012 and June 2016. Outcomes evaluated were mortality, infection, hospital stay length and complications. Injury severity score (ISS) and new injury severity score (NISS) were calculated for every patient. Results A total of 220 patients were included, with male predominance (82%). The new injury severity score had a median that was 4.5 points higher than traditional ISS (34 vs 29.5, p=0.016). Patients with early total care had shorter hospital stay lengths (p=0.008) and lower rate of complications (p=0.022). Discussion The traditional injury severity score might underestimate the severity of trauma because each system can only be registered once independently of how affected it is. Damage control can be reserved for the most seriously injured patients, that do not respond properly to initial reanimation, with ISS values higher than 36 points and NISS values greater than 40 points. Evidence level IV.

Avaliação e controle de instrumentais utilizados em sala operatória durante cirurgias torácicas / Assessment and control of instruments utilized in operating room during thoracic surgeries / Evaluación y control de instrumentales utilizados en quirófano durante cirugías torácicas

Objetivo: Avaliar o número de instrumentais cirúrgicos não utilizados durante as cirurgias torácicas realizadas em um hospital universitário. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir do levantamento de dados sobre a utilização ou não de instrumentais cirúrgicos presentes nas caixas cirúrgicas. Resultados: Foram observadas 30 cirurgias torácicas, sendo a média de instrumentais utilizados por cirurgia de 84,53% e a média de instrumentais não utilizados de 15,48%. Conclusão: São necessárias reformulações na composição das caixas cirúrgicas dessa especialidade a fim de otimizar a utilização e o processamento dos instrumentais.

Objective: To assess the number of unused surgical instruments during thoracic surgeries performed at a university hospital. Methods: An exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, conducted by gathering data on the use or lack of use of surgical instruments present in the surgical box. Results: A total of thirty thoracic surgeries were observed, with a mean of 84.53% of instruments utilized for surgery and a mean of 15.48% of instruments left unused. Conclusion: A reconfiguration of the surgical boxes for this specialty is needed in order to optimize the utilization and the process of these instruments.

Objetivo: Evaluar el número de instrumentales quirúrgicos no utilizados durante las cirugías torácicas realizadas en un hospital universitario. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado a partir del levantamiento de datos sobre a utilización o no de instrumentales quirúrgicos presentes en las cajas quirúrgicas. Resultados: Fueron observadas 30 cirugías torácicas, siendo el promedio de instrumentales utilizados por cirugía del 84,53% y el promedio de instrumentales no utilizados del 15,48%. Conclusión: Son necesarias reformulaciones en la composición de las cajas quirúrgicas de esa especialidad a fin de optimizar la utilización y el procesamiento de los instrumentales.

An clinical analysis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics,pathology,treatment and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 469 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) admitted between January 2010 and August 2016.Results There were 231 males and 238 females,the median age was 57 years old.The tumor was located in the esophagus in 6 cases (1.3％),in the stomach in 295 cases (62.9％),in the duodenum in 23 cases (4.9％),in the small intestine in 69 cases(14.7％),in the colorectum in 26 cases (5.5％).There were altogether 50 cases (10.6％) in this group with a final diagnosis of extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors.Tumor invasion depth,risk of ulcer caused bleeding and NIH classification varied with its locations (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The clinical characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors can be used to preliminarily predict its malignant degree.Surgical resection is the treatment of choice,and postoperative recurrence or metastases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors can be treated by imatinib.

Diagnosis and treatment of abdominal diseases accompanying situs inversus: report of 13 cases / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To explore the impact of abdominal situs inversus on the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal diseases.Methods Clinical data and course of 13 abdominal situs inversus cases from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 13 cases accounting for 1.5/10 000 of all cases who had abdominal CT were diagnosed situs inversus.6 of them were diagnosed for routine physical examination,4 of them for urinary tract symptoms,and the other 3 for digestive complaints.Conservative treatment or follow-up was prescribed for 8 patients who were asymptomatic and healthy;Five patients received operation,including 2 nephrecctomy,1 pancreatico duodenectomy,1 laparoscopic cholecystectomy,and 1 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.All the cases recovered uneventfully.Conclusions Abdominal situs inversus is rare,non-disease entity,usually an incidental finding during clinical examination.It does not affect the therapeutic principle of concurrent primary disease.

Calidad en cirugía: hacia una mejor comprensión de las complicaciones quirúrgicas / Quality assessment in surgery

This paper deals with quality from the perspective of structure, processes and indicators in surgery. In this specialty, there is a close relationship between effectiveness and quality. We review the definition and classification of surgical complications as an objective means of assessing quality. The great diversity of definitions and risk assessments of surgical complications hampered the comparisons of different surgical centers or the evaluation of a single center along time. We discuss the different factors associated with surgical risk and some of the predictive systems for complications and mortality. At the present time, standarized definitions and comparisons are carried out correcting for risk factors. Thus, indicators of mortality, complications, hospitalization length, postoperative quality of life and costs become comparable between different groups. The volume of procedures of a determinate center or surgeon as a quality indicator is emphasized.

Remission of secondary membranous nephropathy in a patient with Kimura disease after surgical resection

Kimura disease (KD) is an eosinophilic, granulomatous, benign, chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology. A 33-year-old woman visited our hospital because of a palpable, left subclavian mass, a left scapulo-anterior pseudoaneurysm, and nephrotic syndrome. Her subclavian lymph node biopsy examination result was consistent with KD, and results of a renal biopsy indicated secondary membranous nephropathy. After renal histological examination confirmed nephropathy, treatment with prednisolone and cyclosporine was initiated, which was maintained for over 1 year. However, this therapy only provided a transient improvement in proteinuria. One year after commencing the treatment, both proteinuria and azotemia aggravated as the left axillary mass doubled in size. Finally, the mass was surgically excised, following which the azotemia rapidly normalized and proteinuria resolved within 1 month. This case shows that tumor resection in a patient with KD with secondary nephropathy may resolve secondary renal manifestations. Furthermore, reversible renal dysfunction may be caused by unknown secreted molecules.

Appropriate Administration of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Clean Operations: A Preliminary Report

Surgical site infection is one of the most common hospital infections and surgical complications. Appropriate administration of prophylactic antibiotics is, therefore, important to reduce surgical site infection rate. The use of prophylactic antibiotics in Korea tends to be too long and clinical confirmation of safe reduction of oral antibiotics use is mandatory. This is a preliminary report on the results of reducing oral antibiotics from 5 to 2 days in clean plastic surgery patients. Patients who underwent clean operation under local anesthesia between June 2008 and December 2008 were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups, and they received oral antibiotics for 2(group O2) or 5(group O5) days. Complication rates, related expenses, and patients' complaints regarding the medication were compared between the two groups, considering the intravenous antibiotics use. There was no significant systemic or infection-related complication. An overall complication rates were 2.8% in group O2, 4.8% in group O5. All the complications were regional and required no surgical intervention. There were no significant differences between total(p=0.72), intravenous antibiotics administered patients(p=0.08), and intravenous antibiotics non-administered patients(p=1.00). Oral antibiotics could safely be reduced to 2 days in clean plastic surgery excluding intravenous antibiotics.

Avaliação da neurólise ulnar na neuropatia hansênica / Assessment of ulnar neurolysis in leprous neuropathy

Os autores avaliam os resultados de 35 procedimentos de descompressão cirúrgica do nervo ulnar realizados em 28 pacientes hansênicos. Os parâmetros utilizados incluíram a escala analógica visual, a escala comportamental, a avaliação da força muscular, a estesiometria e a avaliação do efeito do procedimento no que tange à diminuição da corticoterapia no pós-operatório. Observou-se resolução imediata da dor após a realização da cirurgia, melhora da força muscular em metade dos pacientes, melhora da sensibilidade em metade dos pacientes. A diminuição da dosagem da prednisona após a cirurgia foi constante e significativa após a operação.

In this study, the authors assess the results of 35 surgical ulnar nerve decompression procedures performed on 28 leprous patients. The parameters employed included the visual analogue scale, the behavioral scale, the muscle strength evaluation, the esthesiometry and the evaluation of the effect of the procedure on decreasing postoperative corticoid therapy doses. Early resolution of pain was seen after surgery, muscle strength increased in half of the patients, sensitivity increased in half of the patients, with ongoing and significant decrease of prednisone doses after surgery.

Microsurgical Subinguinal Varicocelectomy: Comparison of Pediatric and Adult Patients / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: We compared the intraoperative microanatomy, recurrence rate and complications of the pediatric and adult patients with varicocele and who underwent microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy and who were followed for at least 6 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven boys(mean age: 13.2 years) and 31 men(mean age: 27.8 years) underwent left microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy with delivery of the testis and they were prospectively evaluated. During the surgery, the detailed intraoperative microanatomy of the spermatic cord and gubernacula was recorded for each group and then compared. RESULTS: External spermatic and gubernacular veins greater than 2mm were significantly more common in the adult group compared to the pediatric group(35.5% vs. 7.4%, 71.0% vs. 29.6%, respectively). Multiple internal spermatic arteries(more than two) were identified in 63.0% of the boys and in 58.1% of the men. In most cases, the internal spermatic arteries were surrounded by a dense complex of adherent veins. There were no significant differences between the pediatric and adult groups for the number of preserved lymphatics(4.6 vs. 5.3, respectively), the ligated internal spermatic veins(8.9 vs. 9.3, respectively), the preserved cremasteric arteries(1.4 vs. 1.7, respectively) and the ligated cremasteric veins (2.3 vs. 2.6, respectively). The mean operative times were 95.6 minutes for the pediatric group and 93.5 minutes for the adult group(p>0.5). During the follow-up period there were no cases of persistent or recurrent varicocele. CONCLUSIONS: Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy was an equally safe, effective means of treating varicoceles both in children and adults. The surgical microanatomy was not much different in the two groups.

Long Term Follow-up Results of Anterior Vaginal Wall Sling Procedure for Female Stress Urinary Incontinence / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: The anterior vaginal wall sling (AVWS) was introduced to be a simpler and less morbid procedure than the fascial or synthetic slings. However, the long-term outcome of the AVWS has not been fully assessed. In this study, the long-term outcomes of AVWS in female stress urinary incontinence were determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 54 patients, followed-up postoperatively for at least five years, were surveyed. The surgical outcome was evaluated by pre- and post-operative SEAPI scores, subjective satisfaction and complications. The preoperative clinical parameters were analyzed using a multivariate analysis to determine the factors influencing the success. RESULTS: After a follow-up period of at least 60 months (mean 72.3 months), 63% were cured, 24% showed improvement and 13% had unsuccessful outcomes. The multivariate analysis demonstrated no preoperative factors for the prediction of the outcome of the AVWS. In a subjective satisfaction assessment, 40.8% were extremely satisfied, 40.8% were satisfied, 9.3% felt fair, and 9.3% were dissatisfied. The short-term complications were; UTI (1 case) and operation related transfusion (1 case). The long-term complications were; de novo urge incontinence (3 cases), removal of suture material due to extra-vaginal protrusion (3 cases) and chronic pelvic pain (1 case), but there was no chronic retention. CONCLUSIONS: An AVWS has many benefits, such as low morbidity, easiness of familiarization and can be performed on patients with anatomical incontinence and internal sphincter deficiency. Nevertheless, the complete dry rate of AVWS is 63% for a follow-up of over 5-years. With regard to its long-term durability, this procedure is considered a less effective treatment modality for female stress urinary incontinence.

Surgical management of the complications after endoscopic sphincterotomy / 中国普通外科杂志

ObjectiveTo review surgical management of the complications caused by iatrogenic endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST).MethodsEleven patients with complications of EST were surgically treated, including 4 patients with hemorrhage, 3 patients with perforation, 3 patients with perforation plus hemorrhage, and one patient with perforation plus severe pancreatitis. ResultsTwo patients with perforation plus hemorrhage and the patient with perforation plus severe pancreatitis died, other patients survived.ConclusionEarly diagnosis and surgical intervention was very important to lower the mortality. For patients suffering from perforation and hemorrhage or pancreatitis, it′s very important to make an unobstructed peritoneal drainage as well as other maneuvers.