Improving the Accuracy of Corrective Osteotomy for Congenital Radio Ulnar Synostosis using the Axis of Rotation of the Forearm as a Guide

@#Introduction: Despite several techniques for corrective osteotomy in congenital radioulnar synostosis (CRUS) the published literature lacks a guide for radiographic planning and rationale for the site and level of the osteotomy. The primary objective of this study is to report a technique of radiographically controlled corrective osteotomy using the axis of rotation of the forearm in CRUS. Materials and methods: Children with CRUS underwent corrective osteotomy based on radiographic planning; the extent of rotational correction and functional outcomes were assessed at a mean of 27 months after the operation. Results: Seven forearms in six children of an average of 6.25 years were assessed for correction and functional outcomes. The average pre-operative pronation deformity was 71.5°. The average correction achieved was 64°. At follow-up, there were five excellent and two good functional outcomes. All children could perform daily tasks besides eating with hand and personal hygiene. Conclusion: Radiographic determination of the osteotomy sites by the method described is effective, consistent, and reproducible in achieving optimal functional outcomes in congenital radioulnar synostosis.

Técnica operatória: conceitos básicos para acadêmicos / Operative technique: basic concepts for academics

Introdução: Devido à popularidade da Cirurgia Plástica nos dias atuais, bem como ao avanço e ao aprimoramento das técnicas cirúrgicas, torna-se necessária a participação de acadêmicos que, por meio de cursos práticos, promovem aquisição e atualização de importantes fundamentos dessa área. Objetivos: Oferecer aos acadêmicos noções básicas sobre diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas essenciais. Metodologia: É realizada aula teórica ministrada por um residente do Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica do Hospital São Lucas, com duração de 90 minutos, baseada em material didático. Após, é realizada aula prática composta por 4 estações, com um orientador em casa mesa, onde são desenvolvidas as técnicas cirúrgicas de antissepsia, paramentação, instrumentação e sutura. Resultados: A antissepsia cirúrgica consiste no processo de escovação pré-operatória. A paramentação consiste na vestimenta adequada de diversos utensílios para a realização de procedimentos no bloco cirúrgico. Na instrumentação cirúrgica, são apresentados os instrumentos que devem ser utilizados e quando devem ser utilizados no ato cirúrgico. A sutura tem como função o fechamento dos espaços mortos e a sustentação das feridas. O método apresentado é o ponto simples. Conclusão: O curso cumpre com o propósito de preparar o acadêmico não só para as atividades realizadas no bloco, como também para atividades que antecedem a cirurgia.

Introduction: Due to the popularity of Plastic Surgery today, as well as the advancement and improvement of surgical techniques, it is necessary the participation of academics who, through practical courses, promote the acquisition and updating of important foundations of this area. Objectives: To provide to the academics the basic knowledge of different essential surgical techniques. Methodology: Theoretical lecture given by a resident of the Plastic Surgery Service of the Hospital São Lucas, which lasts 90 minutes, is based on didactic material. After that, a practical class composed of 4 stations is carried out, where the surgical techniques of antisepsis, paramentation, instrumentation and suture are developed. Results: The surgical antisepsis consists of the preoperative brushing process. Paramentation consists of the adequate dressing of several utensils for the accomplishment of procedures in the surgical block. In the surgical instrumentation, the instruments that must be used and when they should be used in the surgical act are presented. The suture has as function the closure of the dead spaces and the sustentation of the wounds. The method presented is the simple point. Conclusion: The course accomplish the purpose of preparing the academic not only for the activities carried out in the block, but also for activities that precede the surgery.

The Protecting Effects of the Technique on the Chorda Tympanic Nerve in Middle Ear Surgery / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the different exposure and treatment methods for the chorda tympanic nerve in middle ear surgery, and discuss the surgery techniques and the feasibility of the chorda tympanic nerve protection.Methods From September 2013 to March 2016, 155 cases of middle ear surgeries at Zhujiang hospital were included in this study, including 24 cases of type I tympanoplasty, 6 cases of atticotomy and type I tympanoplasty, 22 cases of atticotomy and type II tympanoplasty, 23 cases of canal-wall-up mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty,74 cases of canal-wall-down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty, 6 cases of stapedotomy.The conditions of exposure and protection of the chorda tympanic nerve in the operation were compared, and their taste function at 3 days to 1 months postoperatively through questionnaires were evaluated.Results The preservation rate of the chorda tympanic nerve was up to 89.03%(138/155).There were 17 cases of chorda tympanic nerve injuries, of which 15 cases suffered hypogeusia with the rate being 88.2%(15/17).In 126 cases of the complete protection of the chorda tympanic nerve, 13 of them appeared hypogeusia at 10.3% (13/126), but they recovered within 1 months postoperatively.One case of delayed facial paralysis occurred in 16 days postoperatively, and recovered completely after 2 weeks of treatment with glucocorticoids.There was a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative abnormal taste between the complete protection of the chorda tympanic nerve and fracture during operation.Conclusion According to the different position and exposure of chorda tympanic nerve, the individual measures should be taken in middle ear surgery to protect the chorda tympanic nerve.

Individualized microsurgical treatment of intracranial anterior circulation giant aneurysms: A report of 22 cases / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the individualized microsurgical treatment regimens for intracranial anterior circulation giant aneurysms and to assess their effectiveness. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 22 patients with anterior circulation giant aneurysms who were treated with microsurgery from May 2006 to May 2016. There were 9 ruptured aneurysms and 13 unruptured aneurysms. The surgical methods included direct clipping of the aneurysmal neck in 5 cases, thrombectomy-aneurysm clip reconstruction in 12 cases, aneurysm excision combined with vessels reconstruction in 2 cases, trapping of the aneurysm in 2 cases, and cervical internal carotid artery ligation in 1 case. Prognoses of patients were evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Results At discharge, 14 of the 22 patients recovered well and regained normal life (GOS 5), 5 patients had mild disability (GOS 4), 2 had severe disability (GOS 3), and one died (GOS 1). The mean follow-up time was (39±30) months (ranging from 3 to 118 months). Post-operative three-dimensional CT angiography (3D-CTA) or three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) showed that complete angiographic obliteration was achieved in all the 21 survivors; there were 17 survivors with GOS 5, 2 with GOS 4, 1 with GOS 3, and 1 with GOS 1. The mortality and morbidity of patients were 9. 1% (2/22) and 13. 6% (3/22), respectively. Analysis of factors influencing of prognosis showed that there was no significant difference in patients outcomes between groups of age (P=1. 324), sex (P=2. 346), aneurysm size (P=0. 856), Hunt-Hess grade (P=0. 196), or aneurysmal rupture (P=0. 172), and there was significant difference in patients outcomes between microvascular Doppler (MVD) group and none MVD group (P=0. 036). Conclusion Detailed pre-operative evaluation and individualized surgical plan are necessary for patients with intracranial anterior circulation giant aneurysms. Surgeon’s microsurgical experiences and skills together with intra-operative monitoring is the guarantee for satisfactory effectiveness of microsurgery treatment.

The clinical research of operative technique strategies and results for congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To review and compare various types of operations for congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA),to provide more suitable surgical procedure and improve surgical results.Methods Analysing 203 patients with ccTGA between June 1999 and June 2014,there were thirten patients who had undergone palliative procedure.Thirty-nine patients had received conventional repair operation.Eighty-eight patients had received double switch operation in which there were three patients of Double Switch With Hemi-Mustard and Bidirectional Glenn Procedure.Sixty-three patients had received other surgical treatments including functional univentricular repair operation.Results There were 13 hospital deaths in all patients,consisted of 2 by conventional repair operation,9 by double switch operation and 2 by other procedure.Conclusion The operative procedure depend on the anatomy and physiology in ccTGA.The double switch operation have relatively higher mortality,more complication,the indication of Double Switch With Hemi-Mustard and Bidirectional Glenn Procedure should be more acceptable,but the long-term outcomes will be followed-up.

FROM COMPLEX EVOLVING TO SIMPLE: CURRENT REVISIONAL AND ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES FOLLOWING BARIATRIC SURGERY / EVOLUÇÃO DO COMPLEXO PARA O SIMPLES: PROCEDIMENTOS REVISIONAIS E ENDOSCÓPICOS APÓS CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA

ABSTRACT Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a standard therapy in bariatric surgery. Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric banding, although with good results in the literature, are showing higher rates of treatment failure to reduce obesity-associated morbidity and body weight. Other problems after bariatric may occur, as band erosion, gastroesophageal reflux disease and might be refractory to medication. Therefore, a laparoscopic conversion to a RYGB can be an effective alternative, as long as specific indications for revision are fulfilled. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse own and literature data on revisional bariatric procedures to evaluate best alternatives to current practice. Methods: Institutional experience and systematic review from the literature on revisional bariatric surgery. Results: Endoscopic procedures are recently applied to ameliorate failure and complications of bariatric procedures. Therapy failure following RYGB occurs in up to 20%. Transoral outlet reduction is currently an alternative method to reduce the gastrojejunal anastomosis. The diameter and volume of sleeve gastrectomy can enlarge as well, which can be reduced by endoscopic full-thickness sutures longitudinally. Dumping syndrome and severe hypoglycemic episodes (neuroglycopenia) can be present in patients following RYGB. The hypoglycemic episodes have to be evaluated and usually can be treated conventionally. To avoid partial pancreatectomy or conversion to normal anatomy, a new laparoscopic approach with remnant gastric resection and jejunal interposition can be applied in non-responders alternatively. Hypoglycemic episodes are ameliorated while weight loss is sustained. Conclusion: Revisional and endoscopic procedures following bariatric surgery in patients with collateral symptomatic or treatment failure can be applied. Conventional non-surgical approaches should have been applied intensively before a revisional surgery will be indicated. Former complex surgical revisional procedures are evolving to less complicated endoscopic solutions.

RESUMO Racional: Bypass gástrico em Y-de-Roux (BGYR) é procedimento padrão em cirurgia bariátrica. Gastrectomia vertical e banda gástrica, embora com bons resultados na literatura, estão mostrando taxas mais elevadas de insucesso no tratamento para reduzir a morbidade associada à obesidade e peso corporal. Outros problemas pós-operatórios podem ocorrer, como a erosão da banda, e doença do refluxo gastroesofágico refratária à medicação. Portanto, conversão laparoscópica para BGYR pode ser alternativa eficaz, desde que indicações específicas para a revisão sejam cumpridas. Objetivo: Analisar os nossos dados e os da literatura sobre procedimentos bariátricos revisionais para avaliar melhores alternativas para a prática atual. Métodos: Foram efetuados experiência institucional e revisão sistemática da literatura sobre cirurgia bariátrica revisional. Resultados: Procedimentos endoscópicos estão sendo aplicados recentemente para melhorar a falha e complicações de procedimentos bariátricos. Falha terapêutica após BGYR ocorre em até 20%. A redução transoral é atualmente um método alternativo para reduzir a anastomose gastrojejunal. A gastrectomia vertical pode apresentar aumento de volume e do diâmetro do pouch , o qual podem ser reduzidos por meio de sutura total endoscópica longitudinal. Síndrome de dumping e episódios de hipoglicemia grave (neuroglicopenia) podem estar presentes nos pacientes com BGYR. Os episódios hipoglicêmicos devem ser avaliados e geralmente podem ser tratados convencionalmente. Para evitar pancreatectomia parcial ou conversão à anatomia normal, uma nova abordagem laparoscópica com ressecção do remanescente gástrico e interposição de jejuno, pode ser aplicada como alternativa em não-respondedores. Episódios de hipoglicemia melhoram, enquanto a perda de peso é mantida. Conclusão: Procedimentos revisionais endoscópicos podem ser aplicados após cirurgia bariátrica em pacientes com sintomas colaterais ou na falha do tratamento. Abordagens convencionais não-cirúrgicas devem ser aplicadas intensivamente antes que uma operação revisional seja indicada. Antigos procedimentos cirúrgicos revisionais complexos estão evoluindo para soluções endoscópicas menos complicadas.

Analysis of Cleft Lip Nose Deformities Correction in Adults: Detailed Techniques and Comprehensive Review

PURPOSE: Correction of cleft lip nose deformity(CLND) in adulthood is different from one in childhood. Usually correction of CLND is final surgery for adult patient who has cleft lip, so many things have to be considered for correction. Of course, it is different from common rhinoplasty, either. The adult patients can be corrected by complete rhinoplasty with various techniques. To recognize how rhinoplasty techniques was used for correction of CLND, authors analyzed detailed techniques which were selected in the adult patients for 10 years and reviewed comprehensive operation. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted involving 64 patients with CLND who underwent surgery and aged after 14 years at operation between 2001 and 2010. Detailed techniques were investigated by medical record review and classified according to incision, septoplasty, osteotomies, correction of vault, tip plasty and etc. RESULTS: Except one, all patients were performed open rhinoplasty. 49 patients were performed septoplasty. 33 patients were performed complete rhinoplasty with osteotomies. Hump nose correction was performed for 10 patients. Dorsal augmentation was performed for 8 patients. And all patients were performed tip plasty. Tip plasty using suture technique was performed for 58 patients and graft was performed for 48 patients. CONCLUSION: Correction of CLND in adult is one of the most challenging and varied operation of plastic surgery. In this study, the majority of patients were performed complicated and delicated procedures. It seems to be because patient's demand level has been elevated and rhinoplasty procedures have been advanced. This study may help to planning of CLND correction.

Analysis of Intraoperative Neurological Complications in High-Risk Spinal Surgery with the Use of Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring

STUDY DESIGN: This is retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the risk of operative techniques using Motor Evoked Potential (MEP) in high-risk spinal surgery. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: There are few studies regarding the evaluation of operative techniques by MEP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 33 cases that had MEP during surgery from July 2007 to March 2009. Diagnoses included post-traumatic kyphosis (PTK) in eight cases, congenital deformity in eight cases, degenerative lumbar deformity in eight cases, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in three cases, spinal tumor in three cases, adjacent segmental disease in two cases, and post-surgical kyphosis in one case. Posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) and pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) were performed in 27 cases (81.8%) and, in the others, posterior decompression with discectomy was performed. We analyzed the risk of operative techniques and evaluated the MEP. RESULTS: MEP showed abnormal signal change in five cases (PVCR: one case, compression and distraction: four cases). The AS case did not demonstrate neurological change after surgery. Though the PTK on T12 operated by PVCR case did not show an abnormal MEP result, neurological change was observed postoperatively. The sensitivity, specificity, percent of false negatives, and percent of false positives of MEP were 80.0%, 96.4%, 20.0%, and 3.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MEP monitoring is a useful method to detect neurological injury during high-risk spinal surgery with satisfactory specificity. For low sensitivity and a high false negative rate, increased monitoring of cases and continuous follow-up is needed. In conclusion, compression and distraction and PVCR are high-risk techniques in kyphotic deformity correction.

Comparison of operative techniques between female and male dentists in class 2 and class 5 resin composite restorations / 대한치과보존학회지

This study aimed to assess whether the gender of the dental practitioner affects operative techniques in class 2 and class 5 resin composite restorations. In 2008, a nationwide survey was given to Korean dentists. Total 12,193 e-mails were distributed, 2,632 were opened by recipients, and 840 responses were collected. Of the respondents, 78.9% were male and 21.1% were female. The gender distribution in the age groups between respondents and the total population did not differ (p > 0.05). A chi-square test was used to compare technical differences between female and male dentists. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between gender and operative techniques in resin composite restoration. For class 2 resin composite restoration, female dentists were 1.87 times more likely than male dentists to do multiple incremental fillings (four layers or more) and 2.72 times more likely than males to spend 30 minutes or more for the treatment (p < 0.05). For class 5 resin composite restoration, female dentists were 2.69 times more likely than their male counterparts to use a cavity base or liner, 1.83 times more likely to do multiple incremental fillings (four layers or more) and 1.63 times more likely to spend 20 minutes or more for the procedure (p < 0.05). The gender factor was influential to individual operative techniques in restorative treatment.

Viable meniscal transplantation / Viabilidade do transplante meniscal

Restoring the normal congruency between femur and tibia with intact menisci could be a solution to many mechanical knee problems. Good functional results have been achieved with the transplantation of menisci in compartmental meniscal degeneration, However, this type of chonrotection can only be evaluated after 10 to 20 years of follow-up. Satisfactory incorporation of meniscal transplants has been obtained with fresh allografts, but availability remains a problem with this method of meniscal substitution. Incorporation and ingrowth of fibroblasts have been shown in cryopreserved and deep-frozen meniscal allografts. In a small number of transplants shrinking has been observed on repeat arthroscopy. Since 1989, viable meniscal allograftng has been performed in a series of more than 200 patients. The value of this method has been studied. With the use of a semisynthetic medium the semilunar cartilages can be kept viable without apparent loss of fibrochondroblast cell activity. During this incubation period the appropriate recipient can be ed and prepared. There is sufficient time to conduct a laboratory screening and to evaluate the culture results and desease transmission factors. In this way, live transplant hazards can be avoided, resulting in a higher success rate. The knee is a weight-bearing joint. The patient himself is responsable for mechanical loading, and medical control of these conditions is not always possible. The intensity of loading thus remains an aspect that cannot always be determined scientifically and must be considered in pathology. In view of the promising of the promising results obtained with tendon allografts and with meniscal allografts in sheep(1), meniscus transplantation in humans has become an attractive treatment option. Meniscus transplantation involves the necessity to store and preserve meniscal material.

O restabelecimento da normalidade congruência entre o fêmur e a tíbia com meniscos intactos poderia ser uma solução para muitos problemas mecânicos do joelho. Bons resultados funcionais foram obtidos com o transplante de meniscos nas degenerações compartimentais pós-meniscectomia, no entanto, este tipo de conroteção só poderá ser avaliada após 10 a 20 anos de seguimento...

Medpor Craniotomy Gap Wedge Designed to Fill Small Bone Defects along Cranial Bone Flap

OBJECTIVE: Medpor porous polyethylene was used to reconstruct small bone defects (gaps and burr holes) along a craniotomy bone flap. The feasibility and cosmetic results were evaluated. METHODS: Medpor Craniotomy Gap Wedges, V and T, were designed. The V implant is a 10 cm-long wedge strip, the cross section of which is an isosceles triangle with a 4 mm-long base, making it suitable for gaps less than 4 mm after trimming. Meanwhile, the Medpor T wedge includes a 10 mm-wide thin plate on the top surface of the Medpor V Wedge, making it suitable for gaps wider than 4 mm and burr holes. Sixty-eight pterional craniotomies and 39 superciliary approaches were performed using the implants, and the operative results were evaluated with respect to the cosmetic results and pain or tenderness related to the cranial flap. RESULTS: The small bone defects were eliminated with less than 10 minutes additional operative time. In a physical examination, there were no considerable cosmetic problems regarding to the cranial bone defects, such as a linear depression or dimple in the forehead, anterior temporal hollow, preauricular depression, and parietal burr hole defect. Plus, no patient suffered from any infectious complications. CONCLUSION: The Medpor Craniotomy Gap Wedge is technically easy to work with for reconstructing small bone defects, such as the bone gaps and burr holes created by a craniotomy, and produces excellent cosmetic results.

Surgical management of benign peripheral nerve tumors.

Peripheral nerve tumors are rare lesions that can arise anywhere in the body and hence have a myriad of wide differential diagnosis. They commonly present as a non-specific mass which is diagnosed as a peripheral nerve tumor at surgery. While these tumors may initially be referred to a wide variety of surgeons, early recognition of the nature of the lesion and appropriate surgical treatment by an expert peripheral nerve surgeon is essential in order to minimize post-operative neurological deficits. The objective of this article is to provide a general management scheme for the most common setting of benign peripheral nerve tumors.

Staging in Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Modified Technique

The authors herein propose the staged excision as a novel strategy to preserve facial nerve and minimize complication during microsurgery of large vestibular schwannoma (VS). At the first stage, for reducing mass effect on the brain stem and cerebellum, subtotal tumor resection was performed via a retrosigmoid craniotomy without intervention of meatal portion of tumor. With total resection of the remaining tumor, the facial nerve was decompressed and delineated during the second stage translabyrinthine approach at a later date. A 38-year-old female who underwent the staging operation for resection of her huge VS is illustrated.

Modified Hotz's Operation to Reduce the Dog-ear Formation after Epiblepharon Repairing Surgery

PURPOSE: To discover an the operative technique to reduce the dog-ear formation which develops after epiblepharon and entropion repairing surgery. METHODS: This study reviewed the records of 38 consecutive patients who had undergone epiblepharon surgery. The results of the surgical correction, dog-ear formation and the complications were reviewed retrospectively. The new operative procedure adopted the sine curve-shaped skin incision instead of the conventional crescent-shaped skin incision. After resection of redundant skin and pretarsal orbicularis muscle, tarsal fixation of subcutaneous tissue and skin was performed. After the epiblepharon repair, we observed the formation of dog-ear by the modified Hotz procedure. RESULTS: There were 22 males and 16 females. The average age at surgery was 4.8 years and the average follow-up period was 22.4 weeks. There were no cases of cilia touch recurrence and dog-ear formation using the new operative procedure. CONCLUSIONS: This operative technique produced improved cosmetic result by preventing the formation of dog-ear which can develop after repair surgery for epiblepharon and entropion.

Reduction of Pediatric Forearm Diaphyseal Fractures by Pin Leverage Technique

PURPOSE: Although the majority of children's forearm diaphyseal fractures may be treated conservatively with closed reduction and cast immobilization, unstable or irreducible fractures are usually treated by surgical management. Authors performed percutaneous pin leverage reduction technique for irreducible displaced diaphyseal fractures. The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of pin leverage technique in pediatric forearm diaphyseal fractures MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we reviewed 22 cases of forearm diaphyseal fractures reduced by percutaneous pin leverage technique between 1997 and 2002. We analyzed radiographs, operation time, hospital stay and immobilization period, range of motion, postoperative complications and functional results by Thomas. RESULTS: Average length of follow up was 28 months with mean age of 10.5 years. All fractures in this series healed less than 2 degrees of diaphyseal angulation. Average operation time including anesthesia was 42 minutes and hospital stay was 4.6 days. Time to union was 49.6 days in average and range of motion and functional results were satisfactory in all cases except one case of congenital radioulnar synostosis. There was one case of superficial pin track infection as complication. CONCLUSION: In operative treatment of children's diaphyseal fractures of forearm bones, percutaneous pin leverage reduction technique is a good alternative method prior to open reduction in case of difficult closed reduction.

Experience on surgical treatment of itracranial arachnoid cyst / 医学研究生学报

Objective:To investigate surgical indications and operative techniques of intracranial arachnoid cysts(IAC). Methods:Thirty patients with IAC treated in Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command were analyzed retrospectively.Cyst wall removal and communicated cyst with adjacent cistern or subarachnoid space was performed in 18 patients,cyst-peritoneal shunt in 8 patients,simple resection in 4 patients. Results: Follow-up CT scans after surgery showed that all cysts disappear or shrinked.Conclusion: Cyst-peritoneal shunt was indicated in recurrent cysts after resection,senile patients and infants.Microsurgery resection of the cyst is preferred in majority of the patients,removal of the cyst wall and communicating the cyst with arachnoid cistern were key procedures for preventing relapse.

Cirurgia da obesidade mórbida por videolaparoscopia / Videolaparoscopy surgery in morbid obesity

BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is one of the most common operations for morbid obesity. Laparoscopic techniques have been reported, but refer longer operative time and seemingly higher initial complication rates as compared to the open procedure. The minimally invasive aproach continues to be a challenge even to the most experienced laparoscopic surgeons. The purpose of this paper is to describe our experience with the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYG), using a gastric pouch to jejunal anastomosis with a EEA stapler. METHOD: From September 1999 to May 2001, 102 patients were submitted to LRYG, using a gastric pouch jejuno anastomosis with a EEA stapler. Jejuno-jejunal anastomosis was carryed on at a distance of 100cm to 150cm according to the body mass index (BMI). A prospective analysis was undertaken to identify technical success, leak rate and postoperative incidence of anastomotic stenosis and its management, in a consecutive series of patients undergoing LRYG, with gastrojejunal anastomosis performed with a 25mm or 28mm stapler. In the last 10 cases this anastomosis was carryed on by hand suture. RESULTS: Mean age was 37,5 years (range 17-62) and mean BMI was 50,3kg/m² (range 35-78). The mean operative time was 119min. (55-210). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4,3 days (2-10). Two super obese patients were converted to an open precedure for technical difficulties. Two patients died (1,9 percent) both from pulmonary embolism. There was 1 leak (0,9 percent) from the gastrojejunal anastomosis managed without operation. Fifteen patients (14,7 percent) developed anastomotic stenosis, that required endoscopic baloon dilatation. Nine of them required only a single dilatation and had no recurrence of dysphagia. Six needed 2 to 4 dilatations and all of them are swallowing normaly. In twenty patients, after 12 months of follow-up, the mean decrease in BMI was 21,1kg/m². CONCLUSIONS: LRYG with the stapled EEA gastrojejunal...

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar nossa experiência com a gastroplastia em Y de Roux por videolaparoscopia (GYRL), usando pequena bolsa gástrica e anastomose jejunal com grampeador circular. A gastroplastia com desvio em Y de Roux é uma das operações mais comuns para o tratamento da obesidade mórbida. Técnicas por laparoscopia têm sido relatadas, mas descrevem maior tempo operatório e maiores complicações quando comparadas com a cirurgia aberta. A abordagem por videocirurgia continua a ser um desafio mesmo para os cirurgiões mais experientes. MÉTODO: De setembro de 1999 a maio de 2001, 102 pacientes foram submetidos à gastroplastia em Y de Roux. A anastomose jejuno-jejunal foi feita a uma distância de 100cm a 150cm de acordo com o índice de massa corporal (IMC). Uma análise prospectiva identificou o índice de fístula e de estenose pós-operatória e a conduta em uma série consecutiva de pacientes, submetidos a GYRL com anastomose gastrojejunal realizada com grampeador circular 25mm ou 28mm. Nos últimos dez casos esta anastomose foi executada com sutura manual. RESULTADOS:. A média etária foi de 37,5 anos (17-62) e a média de IMC foi de 50,3kg/m² (35-78). O tempo operatório variou de 55min a 210min com média de 119min. O tempo médio de internação foi 4,3 dias (2-10). Dois pacientes superobesos tiveram a cirurgia convertida para o procedimento aberto por dificuldades técnicas. Houve dois óbitos (1,9 por cento), ambos por embolia pulmonar. Houve uma fístula (0,9 por cento) da anastomose gastrojejunal tratada conservadoramente. Quinze pacientes (14,7 por cento), desenvolveram estenose na anastomose e necessitaram de dilatação endoscópica. Nove pacientes sofreram uma única dilatação e seis receberam duas a quatro dilatações e permaneceram sem disfagia. Vinte pacientes foram avaliados após um ano e mostraram uma média de IMC 33,4kg/m² (24-44). CONCLUSÃO: A GYRL com anastomose gastrojejunal com grampeador é segura e efetiva. Ocorreram estenoses que foram tratadas...

Correction of Epiblepharon by Excision of Redundant skin and Pretarsal orbicularis muscle without tarsal fixation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of the excision of redundant skin and pretarsal orbicularis muscle without tarsal fixation on the correction of the congenital epiblepharon. METHODS: We performed the surgery on 115 patients, 220 eyes from January 1996 to December 1999, and evaluated the functional, and cosmetic result. Surgical treatment included excision of redundant skin and pretarsal orbicularis muscle without tarsal fixation and simple skin suture technique. RESULTS: The mean age of the group was 7.2+/-6.8 years. There were 45 males and 70 females. Following the average follow up period of 18.4+/-4.5 months (minimum was 12 months), 212 eyes (96.4%) showed satisfactory result in functional and cosmetic aspect with of 8 eyes (3.6%) showed undercorrection early postoperativey but none underwent reoperation due to recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: This operative technique resulted in a good cosmetic and functional result.

True island pectoralis major myocutaneous flap: its advantages / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap(PMMCF) is a workhorse flap of head and neck reconstruction and it has four types depending on its nature of vascular pedicle. True island type PMMCF has many advantages over conventional muscular type, but reports on this type of flap and its advantages are lacking. Material and METHOD: Fifty two PMMCF(50 patients) used for head and neck reconstruction between 1992 and 1998 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 16 muscular type and 36 true island type PMMCF. We compared the incidence of complication between two groups. RESULT: Six marginal necrosis(less than 20%) and 1 major necrosis(more than 50%) developed in 16 muscular type PMMCF. However in 36 true island type PMMCF, 1 marginal necrosis and 2 major necrosis developed. CONCLUSION: True island type PMMCF has the following advantages over muscular type. 1. True island type has 3-4 cm gain in length. 2. Flap could be harvested at more cephalic portion of the chest. 3. Unwanted tension of the flap could be avoided. 4. Vascular pedicle is not compressed between skin and clavicle. 5. The rotation of vascular pedicle is natural without kinking. 6. Ugly bulge over clavicle is absent postoperatively. 7. This type could be used regardless of types of neck dissection.

Transverse uterine incision closure: One versus Two layers / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: Closure of a low transverse cesarean incision with one layer and two layer, we compared operative time, hemostasis, blood loss and postoperative sonohysteroperitoneographic findings. Study design: At our hospital 103 women were randomized to closure of a low transverse cesarean incision with either one continuous layer of a locking No. 1 chromic suture or two continuous of No. 1 chromic suture with the first layer locked between Mar. 1, 1998 and Dec. 31, 1998. After three months later, sonhysteroperitoneography was taken and then we evaluated uterus indirectly. RESULTS: A one layer closure required less operative time, 16 versus 20.8 minutes (p<0.01), less hemoglobin change, 0.44 versus 1.3 (p<0.01) and less suture materials (p<0.01). But postoperative follow up sonohysteroperitoneography, a one layer closure shows slightly thinning of isthmic layer of myometrium, two layer closure shows more adhesional band and both are similar other findings. CONCLUSION: A one layer does not significantly affect the clinical course than traditional two layer closure. So we recommended a one layer closure when its use is anatomically feasible.