ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Imatinib mesylate is an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase Bcr–Abl and a first-line treatment for Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Dermatological side effects include superficial oedema, pustular eruption, lichenoid reactions, erythroderma, and skin rash. Depigmentation of the skin and/or mucosa is uncommon, and hyperpigmentation is rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian male with widespread hyperpigmentation of the hard palate associated with a 9-year history of imatinib therapy to treat CML. He did not complain of any symptoms. Clinical examination did not reveal any abnormal pigmentation of the skin or other region of the oral mucosa. He did not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. His medication regimen was a proton pump inhibitor, a beta-blocker, cardioaspirin, atorvastatin, and imatinib 400 mg/day. Histopathologically, melanin and haemosiderin deposits were evident in the lamina propria. The lesion persisted, with no clinical change, through several follow-ups. We reviewed the literature to explore the possible relationship between oral hyperpigmentation and long-term imatinib mesylate treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We diagnosed oral pigmentation associated with imatinib intake based on the medical history and clinical features of the pigmented macules. Oral pigmentation may have a variety of causes, and differential diagnosis requires nodal analysis. Clinicians should be aware of possible oral mucosal hyperpigmentation in patients taking imatinib mesylate. Such pigmentation is benign and no treatment is needed, but surveillance is advisable.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atorvastatin , Dermatitis, Exfoliative , Diagnosis, Differential , Exanthema , Follow-Up Studies , Hyperpigmentation , Imatinib Mesylate , Lichenoid Eruptions , Melanins , Mouth Mucosa , Mucous Membrane , Palate, Hard , Pigmentation , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases , Proton Pumps , Skin , Smoke , Tobacco ProductsABSTRACT
Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is an acquired disorder characterized by pigmentation of oral tissues and nails. We present a case of LHS in an 89-year-old male that was seen at the college of dentistry when the patient presented for routine dental care.