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@# Objective To analyze the status of health literacy and its relationship with chronic diseases and self-reported health among residents in Qingdao, discuss the influence of health literacy on health status and provide the scientific basis for the development of health education strategies and measures. Methods The stratified multistage and probability proportionate to population size sampling(PPS sampling) method was adopted in this investigation. In 2017, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 16 700 permanent residents aged 15-69 from 10 districts in Qingdao. Results The overall level of health literacy status was 15.92%, the prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 19.31%, the self-reported health proportion of good, fair and poor were 81.68%, 12.12% and 1.71% among residents in Qingdao. Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for urban and rural areas, gender, age, education, income and occupation, health literacy was a protective factor for people with chronic diseases and self-evaluated health(OR=1.232，P=0.003;OR=1.159，P=0.033). Three aspects of health literacy were correlated with chronic diseases and self-reported health among people (all P<0.05). Conclusions Health literacy is positively correlated with the health status of residents. The improvement of health literacy is an important way to enhance the health status of residents.
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The issue as to whether hospital ownership has an impact on the quality of care has long been a serious concern.Hand hygiene (HH) compliance is regarded as an important indicator of the quality of care in the control of hospital-acquired infections.However,little information is available on whether hospital ownership influences HH compliance.In this study,of 229 hospitals selected from Hubei province in China,152 were public and 77 were private hospitals.A total of 23 652 healthcare workers (HCWs) were surveyed,using a convenience sampling.HH compliance,the WHO's "My Five Moments for hand hygiene" (5MHH),among HCWs,together with the factors of hospital ownership,training frequency,bed occupancy rates,etc.were collected.Univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to analyze factors affecting HH compliance.Overall,HH compliance rates were 67％ and 79％ for public and private hospitals,respectively.The HH compliance rates of HCWs and 5MHH were between 55％ and 95％,and influenced by hospital ownership (P＜0.05),excluding compliance rate at the moment after body fluid exposure,and other influence factors included training frequency and bed occupancy rate (P＜0.05).HH compliance is better in private than in public hospitals.Hospital ownership is a significant factor affecting HH compliance,in addition to training frequency and bed occupancy rate.
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El objetivo de este estudio se centró en poner a prueba la invarianza de la sintomatología del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH) en función del género, en una muestra de 634 niños. Se comprobó, en primer lugar, el ajuste de cinco modelos factoriales mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio, y se utilizó la regresión logística ordinal como método de estimación del funcionamiento diferencial del ítem (DIF), tanto uniforme como no uniforme. Los resultados pusieron de manifiesto que: (a) el modelo que presentó mejor ajuste fue el de tres factores correlacionados y (b) no existe DIF en función del género de los niños evaluados, ni en la modalidad de calificación ordinal (escala de 1 a 4) ni en la modalidad de calificación binaria (0-1) de los ítems. Estos resultados refrendan el hecho de que en el Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-IV-TR, no se establezcan criterios diferenciales para el diagnóstico del TDAH en niños y niñas.
The aim of this paper was to test the invariance of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a sample of 634 children attending to gender. We firstly examined the fit to the data of five models using confirmatory factor analysis, and ordinal logistic regression was used as a method of estimation of both uniform and non-uniform differential item functioning (DIF). The results showed that (a) the three correlated factors model was the best fit model, and (b) there was no gender-specific DIF, either in the ordinal rating form (scale of 1 to 4) or the binary rating form (0-1). These results support that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-W-TR does not establish ADHD differential diagnosis criteria for boys and girls.
Subject(s)
Psychology, Clinical , PsychometricsABSTRACT
O ambiente urbano influencia a saúde e os comportamentos humanos, sendo necessário um melhor entendimento dos determinantes da saúde das populações que vivem nas cidades. A partir dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) 2008, usando modelos logísticos ordinais incorporando o plano amostral, o presente artigo avalia a associação entre a área de localização do domicílio (urbana e rural) e o estado de saúde autorreferido da população adulta brasileira, controlando para um conjunto de fatores individuais e do ambiente intradomiciliar e extradomiciliar. Os resultados indicam que ao controlar por fatores individuais e ambientais, a associação entre a área de localização do domicílio e o estado de saúde autorreferido dos adultos se modifica (passando de OR=1,51 para OR=0,96) e perde a sua significância estatística (p-valor=0,208). Entretanto, foram observadas interações estatisticamente significantes entre a área de localização do domicílio e as seguintes variáveis: sexo, cor/raça, morbidade autorreferida, posse de bens básicos e percentual de domicílios adequados quanto a qualidade de moradia.
The urban environment influences human health and behavior, and a clearer understanding of the health determinants of populations living in cities is needed. Using data from the National Household Sampling Survey (PNAD) 2008, with ordinal logistic models incorporating the sampling plan, this study assessed the association between the location of the home (urban or rural) and the self-reported state of health of the adult Brazilian population, taking into account a set of individual and environmental factors inside and outside the home. The results indicated that after allowing for individual and environmental factors, the association between the location of the home and the self-reported state of health is changing (going from OR = 1.51 to OR = 0.96) and losing its statistical significance (p-value = 0.208). However, statistically significant interactions were observed between the location of the home and the following variables: sex, color/race, self-reported morbidity, possession of basic goods and percentage of households with adequate living conditions.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Environmental Health , Health Status , Self Report , Brazil , Health Surveys , Logistic Models , Residence Characteristics , Rural Health , Urban HealthABSTRACT
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influential factors on internet addiction disorder (IAD) among first-grade junior students in Wuhan city. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was carried out on 1219 first-grade junior students through stratified cluster sampling in 4 middle schools in Wuhan city. Results The internet use rate (IUR) of first-grade junior students was 96.43% , with the average of primary surfer age as 8.93 + 1.95. The internet addiction tendency (IAT) rate and the IAD rate were 10.87% and 7.71% respectively. The IAT and the IAD detection rates among male students were significantly higher than in female students (χ~2=13.04,P<0.01). By ordinal logistic regression analysis, the relative factors mainly involved 6 aspects in IAD, including sex, poor academic performance, the surfer number of times, the surfer time, the surfer place and the surfer expense. Conclusion The prevalence rates of IAT and IAD were quite high in the first-grade junior students in Wuhan. School authorities, teachers and guardians should collaboratively working together to guide the students in using the network correctly, and to carry out effective interventions to reduce the incidence of internet addiction.
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@#Objective To explore the quality of life(QOL) of stroke patients and the influence factors.Methods The QOL of stroke patients was measured with Shot Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36) and questionnaire survey before discharge and six months after discharge;the patients' state of life was analyzed with the ordinal Logistic regression method to find out influence factors.Results The QOL of the stroke patients decreased obviously with an average sphere score between 38.18～67.57.Sphere scores increased during the six months of post-discharge,but only those of physical functioning(PF),role limitations due to physical health(RP),bodily pain(BP),general health perceptions(GH) and vitality(VT) rose significantly.Some common factors that would affect physical and mental health of the patients included: marriage state,economic conditions,medical care assurance,health care,psychological obstacles,rehabilitation and viability.Besides,age,the features of pathological changes and the complication had significant effect on the physical health of the patients,while children and aphasia affected mental health.Conclusion Early and canonical rehabilitation physical care,language and psychological training and so on,as well as family caring and nursing all are contributive to improve the QOL of the stroke patients.
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@#Objective To explore the quality of life(QOL) of stroke patients and the influence factors.Methods The QOL of stroke patients was measured with Shot Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36) and questionnaire survey before discharge and six months after discharge;the patients' state of life was analyzed with the ordinal Logistic regression method to find out influence factors.Results The QOL of the stroke patients decreased obviously with an average sphere score between 38.18～67.57.Sphere scores increased during the six months of post-discharge,but only those of physical functioning(PF),role limitations due to physical health(RP),bodily pain(BP),general health perceptions(GH) and vitality(VT) rose significantly.Some common factors that would affect physical and mental health of the patients included: marriage state,economic conditions,medical care assurance,health care,psychological obstacles,rehabilitation and viability.Besides,age,the features of pathological changes and the complication had significant effect on the physical health of the patients,while children and aphasia affected mental health.Conclusion Early and canonical rehabilitation physical care,language and psychological training and so on,as well as family caring and nursing all are contributive to improve the QOL of the stroke patients.
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To search the statistical approaches for evaluating and dealing with the center effects in multi-center clinical trial. Breslow-Day test was used for evaluating the differences of the virtual rating among the centers whose responses were binary, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for dealing with the center effects whose responses were binary or ordinal, and logistic regression for evaluating and dealing with the center effects simultaneously. The results showed that Breslow-Day test is invalid in evaluating the center effects whose response is ordinal, and Cochran-Mantel- Haenszel test can not be used for dealing with the effects of other covariates meanwhile.