ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Ergonomics is the scientific study of the interactions between humans and other elements of a system to improve human well-being and overall system performance. In larger scope ergonomics examines human behavioral, psychological, and physiological capabilities and limitations. It has given a huge impact on the workers comfort which directly affects the work efficiency and productivity. In Malaysia, the electronics industry is the leading industry in the manufacturing sector and one of the largest employers. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between ergonomics factors and job performance among employees in electronics industry. Material and Method: A total of 155 employees in electronic industry were involved as respondents in this study. A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-administered questionnaires consisting of sections on physical ergonomics, cognitive ergonomics, and organizational ergonomics and job performance. The data were analysed using SPSS version 25, and descriptive statistics, person correlation and multiple liner regressions were used to identify the factors associated with job performance. Results: The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between ergonomics factors (physical ergonomics, cognitive ergonomics, and organizational ergonomics) and employee performance with p<0.05. While the multiple linear regression analysis found that the most contributing ergonomics factors was physical ergonomics that significantly affects job performance in the electronics industry in Malaysia. Conclusion: Ergonomics factors can be used to promote improved performance and productivity from the employees in the organization such as awareness training and education.
ABSTRACT
Desde hace varios años se ha reconocido que, para aumentar el impacto de la Ergonomía en las organizaciones, es necesario tener un enfoque sistémico. Objetivo: presentar los resultados del diagnóstico macroergonómico realizado en cinco organizaciones colombianas con el Modelo de madurez de Ergonomía (MME), una herramienta que permite evaluar la capacidad de una organización para introducir, aplicar y desarrollar la Ergonomía. Materiales y métodos: en el modelo se evalúa un conjunto de "factores influyentes", que conducen a un análisis sistémico de la organización, para clasificarla en uno de cinco posibles niveles de madurez. Resultados: las organizaciones evaluadas se ubicaron en el menor nivel de madurez del MME: "desconocimiento". Esto se debió a la carencia de personal capacitado en temas de Ergonomía, la falta de un equipo de trabajo responsabilizado con la Ergonomía, el enfoque reactivo en la solución de los problemas, la falta de alineación de la Ergonomía con la estrategia de la organización y las escasas acciones relacionadas con la evaluación de riesgos, entre otras. Conclusiones: la investigación muestra que los aspectos macroergonómicos son escasamente considerados, lo cual se refleja en el bajo nivel de madurez alcanzado. El MME puede ser de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico macroergonómico de las organizaciones, al ampliar el alcance de la evaluación ergonómica más allá de la evaluación clásica de los puestos de trabajo.
Since several years, it has been recognized the need of systems ergonomics in order to increase the impact of ergonomics in organizations. Objective: in this article the macroergonomic assessment of five Colombian organizations using Ergonomics Maturity Model (MME) are presented. Materials and methods: this model can be used to assess the capability of an organization to introduce, develop and implement ergonomics. The model includes a set of "influencing factors" that conduce to a systemic analysis of the organization, classifying it into five maturity levels. Results: the organizations were classified in the lowest "Ignorance" maturity level according to the MME, mainly caused by the lack of trained personnel in ergonomics fields, the lack of an ergonomics team, reactive approach to solving problems, misalignment of ergonomics with the strategy of the organization, and the limited ergonomics risk assessments. Conclusions: the results show that in these organizations, macroergonomics factors are not considered, which is reflected in the low level of maturity reached. The MME may be useful for macroergonomics diagnosis of organizations, contributing to expand the scope of ergonomic beyond of workplace.
Desde há vários anos se tem reconhecido que para aumentar o impacto da ergonomia nas organizações, é necessário ter um foco sistémico. Neste artigo se apresentam os resultados do diagnóstico macro ergonómico em cinco organizações colombiana usando o Modelo de Madureza de Ergonomia (MME), uma ferramenta que permite avaliar a capacidade de uma organização para introduzir, aplicar e desenvolver a ergonomia. No modelo se avaliam um conjunto de "fatores influentes", que conduzem a uma análise sistémica da organização, classificando-a em cinco níveis de madureza. As cincos organizações avaliadas ficaram classificadas no menor nível de madureza do MME: "desconhecimento". Isto esteve dado principalmente pela carência de pessoal capacitado em temas de ergonomia, a carência de uma equipe de trabalho responsabilizado com a ergonomia, o foco reativo na solução dos problemas, a falta de alienação da ergonomia com a estratégia da organização e as escassas ações relacionadas com a avaliação de riscos, entre outras. A pesquisa mostra como nas organizações avaliadas com o MME os aspetos macro ergonómicos são escassamente considerados, o qual reflete-se no baixo nível de madureza alcançado. O MME pode ser de grande utilidade para o diagnóstico macro ergonómico das organizações, ampliando o alcance da avaliação ergonómica para além da avaliação clássica dos postos de trabalho.