Organization moclel of the German national cohort and its enlightenments / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Objective To promote the effective management of population cohort data and to provide the beneficial reference for the cohort data management model in our country. Methods After a description of the German national cohort program with an international impact, its organizational model, data types and data management were sum-marized and analyzed, its research target and plan were outlined, its data collection and processing, integration and storage, quality protection and control were studied. Results Multisource data classification management prohibited the application for data and sharing of data use in tested subjects when they were using the data. Conclusion Data standards should be unified, multisource data classification storage should be implemented, the data analysis should be widened and deepened, the right of tested subjects should be made clear, and the data sharing procedure should be standardized in our country according to the inadequate domestic cohort research and the enlightenments of the German national cohort.

Development of Community Health Center-Based Hospice Management Model: Pilot Project at a Community Health Center in Busan / 한국호스피스완화의료학회지

PURPOSE: This study was a part of a drive to develop a community health center-based hospice management model which is concerned with hospice care at a community health care setting and available resources of the local community. METHODS: Development of a community health center-based hospice management model involved evaluation of existing hospice-related research, including literature review, and research on hospice facilities at the study site, as well as evaluation of model operation. The latter involved community health center-based hospice test operation, and evaluation of test operation by a research team, including of a nursing professor majoring in hospice care and staffs from a community health center in Busan metropolitan city, regional cancer center, and regional terminal cancer patient medical institute. The study was conducted in the 2008 calendar year. RESULTS: The community health center-based hospice management model provides service linked with local community resources, focusing on the local community health center. Financial and administrative assistance is provided by the regional cancer center, with collaboration from academic health care professionals who guide the operation management. The community health center hospice nurse in consultation with a visiting nurse team registers terminally-ill cancer patients and, after assessment, the hospice team prioritize hospice care during team meeting. Care is delivered by staffs and volunteers. CONCLUSION: The developed community health center-based hospice operation management model maximally utilizes available community health resources to produce qualitative improvement of regional health and welfare policy through improving the lives of home-based cancer patients and their family who are in medical blind spot.

Reformas administrativas e políticas de incorporação da força de trabalho no Governo Central Brasileiro (1995-2006) / Administrative and political reforms in the incorporation of the workforce in the Central Government Brasileiro (1995-2006)

Esta tese tem por objetivo investigar à luz da teoria institucional, o modelo organizacional do Estado brasileiro, tendo como foco de análise o processo de incorporação da força de trabalho no Poder Executivo do Governo Federal e como campo de investigação uma organização federal de Ciência e Tecnologia: a Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz. O trabalho realiza uma análise das abordagens teóricas institucionalistas sobre as Reformas de Estado, utilizando como referência teórico-analítica o modelo proposto por Robert Kaufman. A partir dessa perspectiva faz-se uma discussão sobre as reformas de Estado ocorridas no Brasil, desde a década de 1930. O estudo empírico foi realizado, em uma primeira abordagem, junto ao setor público federal, analisando a composição de sua força de trabalho no período entre 1995 e 2006, durante os dois mandatos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e o primeiro mandato de Luís Inácio Lula da Silva, e em uma segunda etapa, na Fiocruz. Investiga-se, nessa organização, o processo de incorporação de pessoal, por meio dos concursos públicos realizados no período entre 1996 e 2006. Para isso, utiliza-se o aporte teórico institucionalista de DiMaggio e Powell (1991). Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam o fortalecimento de critérios meritocráticos na União, por força dos segmentos setoriais do Estado brasileiro e por força da capacidade organizacional. No caso da Fiocruz é possível verificar a dificuldade em implementar uma política de incorporação de pessoal aderida a uma estratégia organizacional. Por fim é possível concluir com este estudo, que é necessária a implementação de mudanças significativas, uma vez que o tema da qualidade na administração federal entrou na agenda pública, a partir da reforma de 1995.

The objective of this thesis was to investigate the Brazilian state’s organizational model in light of institutional theory, with a focus on workforce incorporation by the Executive Branch of Federal government. The specific field of investigation was a Federal science and technology organization, the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ). The research analyzes the institutionalist theoretical approaches to state reforms,using the model proposed by Robert Kaufman as the theoretical-analytical reference. Based on this perspective, the study discusses state reforms implemented in Brazil since the 1930s.The first stage of the empirical study focused on the Brazilian Federal publicsector, analyzing its workforce composition from 1995 to 2006, during the first two terms of President Fernando Henrique Cardoso and the first term of President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva. The second stage was conducted at FIOCRUZ. In the latter, thestudy concentrated on the incorporation of human resources through public admissions processes from 1996 to 2006. This stage of the research drew on institutional analysis as proposed by DiMaggio & Powell (1991). The research results highlighted the strengthening of meritocratic criteria in the Federal government, due to specific sectors and organizational capability in the Brazilian state. In the case of FIOCRUZ, it was possible to identify difficulties in implementing a policy for workforce incorporation linked to an organizational strategy. Finally, the study identified the need for significant changes, since the issue of quality inthe Federal administration emerged on the public agenda in Brazil beginning with the reform in 1995.