ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of different processing technologies on the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza decoction pieces， and to provide reference for original processing of S. miltiorrhiza to decoction pieces. METHODS： Fresh S. miltiorrhiza from two areas of Shandong province （Pingyin and Pingyi） were processed into decoction pieces by 24 kinds of processing technology， such as fresh cutting， dry cutting after dried 30％， dry cutting after dried 50％， full dry cutting， traditional cutting [from 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅰ）， shorted as pharmacopecia]， cutting after full dry steamed， cutting after fresh steamed， cutting after dry 30％ steamed， cutting after fresh boiled （then divided into air-drying and baking）. The qualities of decoction pieces were evaluated for original processing comprehensively through appearance character and the contents of moisture， water soluble extract， ethanol soluble extract， and effective components （tanshinones and salvianolic acid B）. RESULTS： From the appearance characteristics， the traditional cutting， cutting after fresh steamed and cutting after dry 30％ steamed， decoction pieces had better surface color and high yield， which were more in line with the relevant description of the pharmacopecia. From the contents of moisture and effective components， the contents of moisture of S. miltiorrhiza decoction pieces were 3.60％-10.40％； the contents of water soluble extract were 51.07％-70.18％； the contents of ethanol soluble extract were 15.08％-20.36％， all above were all in line with the standard of pharmacopecia. The contents of tanshinones were 0.16％-0.79％. Only fresh-cut and fresh-boiled-cut baked samples from Pingyin were not up to the standard of pharmacopecia （tanshinones content was not less than 0.25％）， while those from Pingyi were up to the standard. The contents of salvianolic acid B were 4.51％-8.68％， which were all in line with the standard of pharmacopecia （salvianolic acid B content was not less than 3.0％）. In all processing technologies， the indexes of decoctions made by steaming， cutting and air-drying were higher. CONCLUSIONS： Comprehensive considering from the aspects of appearance character and effective components content， suitable processing method of S. miltiorrhiza raw medicinal materials is cutting after steamed and air-drying.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the influences of different cleaning methods on the quality of P.notoginseng and provide the basis for standard original processing methods of P.notoginseng. METHODS: The P.notoginseng roots were processed with different methods including drying without washing, drying and polishing, fresh cleaning before drying, and cleaning after drying. The influences of different cleaning methods on the drying time, drying rate, density, appearance properties and active components of P.notoginseng roots were compared. RESULTS: The appearance quality and hygiene indicators of P.notoginseng roots were bad when the fresh roots were dried without washing. When the roots were polished after drying without washing, the skin of P.notoginseng roots was worn down. It also resulted in a great loss of drying rate and content of dencichine of P.notoginseng roots, with decreasing rates of 10.0% and 18.1%, respectively. Cleaning after drying of P.notoginseng roots resulted in wear and tear off of epidermis and decrease of the total ash, alcohol extraction components, saponin of Re, dencichine and soluble sugars. The decreasing rates were 9.9%-17.7%, 8.3%-15.9%, 63.9%-70.8%, 12.5%-36.1%, and 27.3%-37.4%, respectively. And the longer the roots being cleaned after drying, the more the components lost. Cleaning before drying of P.notoginseng roots shortened the drying time, raised the hygiene and appearance traits, and reduced the loss of active ingredients. CONCLUSION: That the roots of P.notoginseng be processed after flushing may be a more suitable method than the traditional processing method. In order to decrease the loss of active components, ensure the appearance properties, and keep the safety of clinical medication, cleaning before drying should be promoted vigorously.
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Objective: To research the influence of different washing methods before drying on the contents of active components in Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and provide the basis for standard original processing methods of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods: The fresh herbs of S. miltiorrhiza were processed with different methods including no washing, water flushing, immersion cleaning, and scrubbing in water. HPLC was applied to determine the contents of active components, with Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), acetonitrile-0.026% phosphoric acid for gradient elution, flow rate of 1 mL/min, and detection wave length of 286 and 270 nm. Results: The contents of rosmarinic acid, salvianolic B, crypotanshinone, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA were all significantly decreased in S. miltiorrhiza processed with different washing methods. The contents of active components were reduced with the increasing of washing intensity, of which the lowest contents were found in scrubbing group. Conclusion: Washing with water can make loss of active components, and flushing may be a more suitable method. In order to decrease the content loss of active components, contact time with water must be controlled as short as possible and violent friction among medicinal materials and artificial rubbing must be avoided.
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Objective: To illustrate the influences of various original processing techniques on chemical composition of Eucommiae Folium from different habitats by comparing HPLC fingerprint profiles, so as to select the suitable techniques for processing Eucommiae Folium. Methods: To evaluate the quality of Eucommiae Folium with the various processing techniques by HPLC fingerprint. The analysis was performed on the Promosil C18(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column. Acetonitrile-0.1% H3PO4 was used as the mobile phase with gradient elution. The scanned wavelength was from 200 to 400 nm, and the detection wavelength was at 208 nm. The flow rate was set at 0.8 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 25°C. Results: The HPLC fingerprint profiles of Eucommiae Folium by the various processing techniques which were systematically researched were investigated. A total of main 22 common peaks were found, but the areas of the peaks were significantly different. The contents of chlorogenic acid and geniposidic acid obtained by the various processing techniques had the evident differences. Conclusion: HPLC fingerprint technique with the application to the content determination of the active ingredients has the good reproducibility and maneuverability. It is one of the potential process analytical techniques to explore the ingredient differences in the processed Eucommiae Folium from different habitats.
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AIM: To inspect the quality of field processed products of Radix Scutellariae in Shandong Province. METHODS: TLC and UV identification, ethanol-soluble extract, moisture content, total ash and acid-insoluble ash and baicalin were determined. RESULTS: The field processing is superior to traditional processing methods. CONCLUSION: Field processing of Radix Scutellariae in Shandong province has feasible standardization and industrial benefits.