ABSTRACT
Background: Ossification of carpal bones forms the most significant aspect of development in clinical sciences and in medical jurisprudence. Important factors influencing the process of ossification include age, sex, heredity, the state of nourishment and particular geographical region may not be exactly similar to that in another area. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the average age of appearance of the ossification centre of Indian population in comparison with western data. Materials & Methods: Present work was performed in 200 healthy individual of both sexes of which date of birth proof was present . X-ray of carpal bones were taken for presence or absence of centre of ossification of the individual carpal bones. Results: In the present study 102(51%)males and 98 (49%) females were taken who had accurate birth certificate indicating their age from < 6 month to 12 year. Variation in the appearance of centre of ossification in carpal bones shows influence of race, climate, nutritional, and geographical factors. Conclusion: Ossification of carpal bones in the population of North India occur 1-2 year later then Europeans and appearance of the ossification centre is earlier in females than males .
ABSTRACT
The ossification and development of the spinal column in 194 Chinese fetuseswere studied with radiographic method.Fetal age ranged from 12-35 weeks weredivided into 20 groups.The results were as follows:1.A series of data of longitu-dinal growth of cervical,thoracic,lumbar,sacral and coccygeal regions in differentfetal age groups was obtained,and the regression equations were presented.It ispossible to estimate the length of various regions of vertebral column accuratelyaccording to fetal-age.2.The sequence of development of the primary ossificationcentres in sacral and coccygeal regions was found.The regular pattern will be help-ful to determine the fetal-age and the development of bone.It is confirmed thatthe appearance of ossification centres is earlier in female than that in male.Thereis an existence of sexual difference.3.The total length of the thoracic region isalways the longest while that of the lumbar,cervical and sacral being progressivelyshorter.In comparison with the length of average“vertebral unit”,the lumbar isthe longest,cervical the shortest,thoracic is longer than sacral.During the period of12-35 weeks,the sequence of the length increased is lumbar,thoracic,cervical,andsacral,and comparing with original length,it is also lumbar,thoracic,cervical,andsacral.