Effect of micellar polymer PEG-PLL-OPG on osteoporosis and arteriosclerosis in mice / 实用医学杂志

Objective By using PEG-PLL and OPG-expressing plasmid to synthesize a nanocompound PEG-PLL-OPG (PPO), to investigate its effects on osteoblasts (OB) and arteriosclerosis (AS) in mice. Methods The incidences of osteoporosis (OP) and AS were studied in people. Collect people′s serum , and divide them into different groups According to the results of diagnosis, the patients were grouped into the groups of Control, AS, OP, and AS. PPO was used to deal with OB in different groups. The cell apoptosis, cell activity, the adhersion and calcification to scaffold PCL were determined by flow cytometry, MTT, alizarin red stain and SEM,respectively. PPO was also injected intp the ApoE-/-RANKL+/+ mice via caudal vein to demonstrate its effects on BMD and AS. Results PPO could increase the cell activity , inhibit OB apoptosis and promote cell adhersion and calcifica-tion on scaffold PCL in vitro. PPO could also decrease the area and calcification of atheromatous plaque , and in-crease the BMD of collum femoris in vivo. Conclusion PPO may be a new drug for OP and AS treatments.

Effect of four different anti-osteoporosis agents on the expression of matrix gla protein in primary osteoblasts of SD rat / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To observe the expression of matrix gla protein(MGP) mRNA in primary osteoblasts of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat in vitro after treatment with anti-osteoporosis agents [vitamin K2,PTH,1,25 (OH)2D3,and alendronate],and to investigate the potential role of MGP in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.Methods Primary osteoblasts(OBs) were derived from sequential trypsin/collagenase-digested calvaria isolated from newborn SD rat (postnastal day 1-3).OBs of the second generation were identified by Van Gieson collagen staining,alkaline phosphatase(ALP) staining and calcified nodules staining.OBs of the fourth generation were selected to interfere with vitamin K2,PTH,1,25 (OH)2D3,and alendronate,then cultured for 24 h in mediums which contained various concentrations of vitamin K2 (10-7,10-6,and 10-5 mol/L),PTH (10-9,10-8,and 10-7 mol/L),1,25 (OH) 2D3(10-10,10-9,and 10-8mol/L),alendronate(10-6,10-5,and 10-4mol/L).After being cultured for 24 h,total RNA was extracted and examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR.Results The primary cultured cells had typical morphological characters of osteoblast.van Gieson collagen staining,ALP staining,and calcified nodules staining were all positive.Vitamin K2,PTH,1,25 (OH)2D3,and alendronate could modulate the expression of MGP mRNA in osteoblasts in a dose-dependent fashion.MGP mRNA expressions were 2.56-fold,2.12-fold,and 1.57-fold with 10-5,10-6,and 10-7 mol/L of vitamin K2 treatment,respectively.The expressions were 6.78-fold,5.31-fold,and 2.23-fold with 10-7,10-8,and 10-9mol/L of PTH(1-34) treatment,8.93-fold,6.95-fold,and 3.47-fold with 10-8 10-9,and 10-10mol/L of 1,25 (OH)2D3 treatment,and 3.47-fold,2.49-fold,and 1.98-fold with 10-4,10-5,and 10-6mol/L of alendronate treatment.Conclusion Vitamin K2,PTH,1,25 (OH)2D3,and alendronate all canregulate MGP mRNA expression in calvarial osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner.MGP seems to be a potent target of anti-osteoporosis agents,and involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

Bone histomorphometry: a concise review for endocrinologists and clinicians / Histomorfometria óssea: uma revisão concisa para endocrinologistas e clínicos

Bone histomorphometry is a quantitative histological examination of an undecalcified bone biopsy performed to obtain quantitative information on bone remodeling and structure. Labeling agents taken before the procedure deposit at sites of bone formation allowing a dynamic analysis. Biopsy is indicated to make the diagnosis of subclinical osteomalacia, to characterize the different forms of renal osteodystrophy and to elucidate cases of unexplained skeletal fragility. Bone histomorphometric parameters are divided into structural and remodeling subgroups, with the latter being subdivided into static and dynamic categories. Metabolic bone disorders such as osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis and renal osteodystrophy display different histomorphometric profiles. Antiresorptive and anabolic drugs used for the treatment of osteoporosis also induce characteristic changes in the bone biopsy. Bone histomorphometry is an important research tool in the field of bone metabolism and provides information that is not available by any other investigative approach.

Histomorfometria óssea é uma avaliação histológica quantitativa de uma biópsia óssea calcificada realizada para obter informação sobre a remodelação e a estrutura óssea. Uma análise dinâmica é possível quando substâncias que fazem a marcação do osso são tomadas antes do procedimento e se depositam no local de formação óssea. A biópsia é indicada para diagnóstico de osteomalácia, diferentes formas de osteodistrofia renal e nos casos não explicados de fragilidade esquelética. O preparo e a análise das amostras necessitam de um laboratório especializado. A histomorfometria avalia parâmetros estruturais e de remodelação óssea, sendo o último subdividido em estático e dinâmico. Doenças osteometabólicas como osteomalácia, hiperparatireoidismo, hipoparatireoidismo, osteoporose e osteodistrofia renal apresentam parâmetros histomorfométricos distintos. Medicações antirreabsortivas e anabólicas usadas no tratamento da osteoporose também induzem alterações características na biópsia óssea. A histomorfometria óssea é uma ferramenta importante no metabolismo ósseo e oferece informação que não é possível por nenhum outro método diagnóstico.