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Wu Mengchao summarized his life experience with "being honest in life, being down-to-earth in doing things, being solid in learning, and having your own struggle goals and life ideals". His "three 'shi'" outlook on life has important enlightenment for medical students’ growth and success. Medical students should cultivate a correct personality and good professional ethics, a diligent and diligent habit and down-to-earth quality, and a scientific research concept and spirit of seeking truth from facts, strive for a healthy China by honing their character and learning skills well.
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Profound changes have taken place in human disease spectrum, constitution spectrum, and drug use behavior, and the safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) faces new trends and problems. In particular, serious adverse reactions/events such as liver injury and kidney injury caused by non-toxic TCM have been frequently reported, overturning people's understanding of TCM safety, and even shaking the public's confidence in the development of TCM. In the new era of globalization, correctly understanding the situation and problems of TCM safety and addressing the dilemmas in safety evaluation and risk prevention of TCM are the key missions to be undertaken by TCM practitioners. This paper suggests that the situation and problems of TCM safety should be viewed objectively and dialectically, and the use standard of TCM should be advanced with the times. Furthermore, this paper puts forward the new conception and methodology of TCM safety(including one innovative understanding, two types of evaluation modes, tri-elements injury hypothesis; four-quadrant risk decision processes, and five-grade safety evidence body) for the first time, hoping to provide new theories, new strategies, new methods and successful examples for solving the safety problems of TCM.
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Humans , Medicine, Chinese Traditional/adverse effects , Internationality , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to a decrease in people’s sense of value and existence. Faced with the gradual blurring of the boundaries between humans and machines, debates on human issues such as the nature and essence of human beings have arisen. Marx’s humanistic thought puts people in reality to think, and draws scientific and revolutionary conclusions about human and nature, human and society, and human’s liberation, which has important guiding value for the current era. Marx’s humanistic thought defends the human kind, the meaning of existence, and the supremacy of life, and responds to the challenge of AI to the modern outlook on life. Leading the era of AI to guide the outlook on life with the concepts of respecting laws and moral intervention, forging the concept of life with the spirit of dedication and emphasis on knowledge, and nourishing the concept of life with humanistic care that is people-oriented and good at cooperation can further deepen the medical values and provide ethical defense for medical practice.
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Abstract Background Increasing evidence supports an association between psychological well-being and overall health, however, much remains to be understood about this association. The current study addresses this issue by presenting a new perspective focusing on health perceptions. Additionally, it examines the impact of each of six dimensions of psychological well-being on health perception. Methods Data for this study were collected from a sample of 1,155 Portuguese adults in various settings. Findings reveal that psychological well-being dimensions' impact differently on prior, current, and health outlookperceptions. Furthermore, the dimension depressed mood influences current health perception; in turn, current health perception is the strongest predictor for psychological well-being. Our results provide support for a bidirectional relationship between health perception and psychological well-being.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Perception , Health , Mental Health , Portugal , Quality of Life/psychology , Disease/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Mental ProcessesABSTRACT
Gas chromatography (GC) is mainly used to detect the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), but with the deepening of research,the drawbacks of GC have become more and more obvious in the fields of food,chemical engineering and clinical application. The analysis on existing research results showed that ultra performance convergence chromatography (UPC2) was appropriate for the analysis of lipid metabolism. The UPC2 is a new kind of chromatographic separation technology developed in recent five years and the level of SCFAs is associated with the research on multiple diseases. Therefore,application of UPC2 in the detection of SCFAs would be helpful for the scholars at home and abroad to carry out deeper researches,and also helpful to guide the treatment for various metabolic disorders. In this paper,the researches on SCFAs in recent ten years were reviewed; the shortcomings of GC and liquid chromatography (LC) in the detection of SCFAs were reviewed; the development process,basic characteristics and research status of UPC2 at home and abroad were introduced; feasibility and innovation of UPC2 in the detection of SCFAs were summarized. Pretreatment methods for UPC2 application to the detection of SCFAs in feces or serum were collected; the problems that should be noticed during the process of sample pretreatment were pointed out; meanwhile, an research outlook on methodology of UPC2 application in the detection of SCFAs was conducted. The effects of extracting solvent,mobile phase,and auxiliaryt solvent on chromatographic behavior as well as the physicochemical property, type and choice of UPC2 chromatographic column were mainly discussed in this paper. In addition, the choices of basic modifier,acid modifier,and salinity modifier were briefly outlined, in order to provide efficient,simple,environmental,and economic detection technologies for the research on SCFAs, and provide better reference solutions for the rapid detection of massive clinical samples.
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Las investigaciones sobre aspectos positivos en la vejez han tomado gran relevancia en las últimas décadas. Los hallazgos han cuestionado diversos supuestos negativos y han proporcionado evidencia acerca de los múltiples recursos y potencialidades de los que disponen las personas mayores. Las recientes reformulaciones teóricas, la nueva concepción del desarrollo y los hallazgos empíricos acerca de aspectos positivos en la vejez han brindado posibilidades de generar nuevas prácticas orientadas a promover el bienestar en esta etapa de la vida. El presente artículo efectúa, en primer lugar, un análisis acerca de diversas investigaciones sobre aspectos positivos en la vejez que muestran que en esta etapa de la vida también se presentan ganancias y desarrollo y en segundo lugar, se analizan las prácticas positivas, sus fundamentos, propósitos e impacto. Finalmente, se plantea el desafío de consolidar esta línea de trabajo y de generar nuevas propuestas que apunten a lograr mayores niveles de bienestar, generatividad y desarrollo en la vejez.
Research on positive aspects in old age has become relevant in recent decades. The findings have questioned many negative assumptions and have provided evidence of the multiple available resources and potential of older people. Recent theoretical reformulations, the new concept of development and empirical findings about positive aspects of aging have provided opportunities to generate new practices aimed at promoting well-being in this stage of life. This article analyses, first, the studies on positive aspects in old age that show that at this stage of life there are also gains and development. Secondly, we examine the positive practices, their rationale, purpose and impact. Finally, we propose the challenge of consolidating this line of work and developing new projects aimed at achieving higher levels of well-being, generativity and development in old age.
A pesquisa sobre os aspectos positivos da velhice assumiu grande relevância nas últimas décadas. As descobertas têm questionado várias suposições negativas e forneceram evidências sobre vários recursos e potencialidades das pessoas idosas. As recentes reformulações teóricas, o novo conceito de desenvolvimento, e os resultados empíricos sobre aspectos positivos da velhice têm proporcionado oportunidades para gerar novas práticas destinadas a promover o bem-estar nesta fase da vida. Este artigo realiza, em primeiro lugar, uma análise de várias pesquisas sobre os aspectos positivos da terceira idade, mostrando que, nesta fase, ganhos de vida e desenvolvimento são também apresentados e, em segundo lugar, práticas positivas, quando seus fundamentos são analisados, sua finalidade e impacto. Finalmente, o desafio de consolidar esta linha de trabalho e desenvolver novas propostas destinadas a alcançar níveis mais elevados de bem-estar, generatividade e desenvolvimento surgem na velhice.
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Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Healthy Aging , Psychology, Positive/trends , Research , Psychosocial InterventionABSTRACT
Age of medicine is as old as the age of human on the earth. The doctor today is a scientist, technologist and healer at the same time. The ethics germane to the medical profession can’t be simple and uniform. Nor is the ethics simply a matter between the doctor and the patient; the society with its entire economic and political dimension is involved in much bigger way. Certain basic traditional thoughts given by ancient Indian teachers like Hippocrates, Charaka, Sushrutha and Vagbhata are still become relevant. Medical ethics in the medical curriculum, must be included not as a normative discipline but as a practical course with its own problems and considerations. As per Indian outlook, the role of ethics is certainly vast and varied, from treating a common cold, to the controversy on euthanasia, from the simple obligations of a family doctor, to the specialist services in the high cost, high technology five star nursing homes.
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OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the implementation of training courses and the overall outlook for occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) in Korea. We described the problems facing OEM residency programs in Korea, and reviewed studies dealing with the specialty of occupational health in developed countries in order to suggest directions of improvement for the OEM training courses. METHODS: We surveyed 125 OEM residents using a questionnaire in August 2012. A total of 23 questions about the training environment, residency programs, preferred institutions for post-licensure employment, and the outlook for OEM specialists were included in the questionnaire and analyzed according to the type of training institution and residency year. Responses from 88 residents (70.4 %) were analyzed. RESULTS: The major responsibilities of OEM residents were found to vary depending on whether they were trained in research institutes or in hospitals. OEM residents had a lower level of satisfaction with the following training programs: toxicology practice (measurements of biological markers, metabolites, and working environments), and OEM practice (environmental diseases and clinical training involving surgery). When asked about their eventual place of employment, OEM residents preferred institutions providing special health examinations or health management services. OEM residents reported a positive outlook for OEM over the next 5 years, but a negative outlook for the next 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: Although a standardized training curriculum for OEM residents exists, this study found differences in the actual training courses depending on the training institution. We plan to standardize OEM training by holding a regional conference and introducing open training methods, such as an open hospital system. Use of Korean-language OEM textbook may also reduce differences in the educational programs of each training institution. Toxicology practice, environmental diseases, and clinical training in surgery are areas that particularly need improvement in OEM residency training programs.
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Academies and Institutes , Biomarkers , Curriculum , Developed Countries , Education , Employment , Environmental Medicine , Internship and Residency , Korea , Occupational Health , Specialization , ToxicologyABSTRACT
The development of internet informatization has brought about new challenges to ideological and political work of colleges and universities and at the same time the opportunity Facing the college students,whose thought is active and open,but their view of life and value is not completely mature,we should put priority to how to apply scientific outlook to the network ideological and political education to the undergraduates.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of the lived experience of having outlook toward self of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer receiving standard therapy. Unstructured interviews were conducted with five Co-researchers. The dates were gathered from verbatim interviews, then the transcripts were analyzed using the procedural steps based of phenomenological approach of Colaizzi. As a result, three in five common meanings in their experiences are the following: 1) Life-oriented with their life because of raising awareness of the end of their life, 2) Being as what they are because of knowing what they were for themselves, 3) Being not isolated because they were isolated. When considered based on the above three common meanings, having outlook toward self must be viewed as a searching one's life as being that it starts at the time of raising awareness of mortality and as a one's positive effort to live fully as oneself in later life. Palliat Care Res 2011; 6(2): 222-226
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This article aims at exploring ways of integrating subject of pathobiology under the guidance of scientific outlook on development and improving and enriching pathobiology inte-gration and construction through curriculum systems recombination and integration,teaching con-tents optimization to reflect the latest research progress,network education platform establish-ment,comprehensive and exploratory laboratory course teaching system construction,new syl-labus and teaching material making up.
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Diabetes is a common disease,serverely harmful to the human's health and life quality.The pancreatic islets transplantation can correct the patient's hyperglycemia,stop or even reverse the progress of the complication and thus decrease the mortality of diabetic patients.It is the most safe and efficient therapy for diabetes.Since the Edmonton Protocol got success in pancreatic islet transplantation in 2000,it has been more and more interested because of its great clinical curative effect.Research strategy of islet transplantation is now focussed on increasing the acquired islets with normal viability,selecting the best transplantation pathway,and improving the immunosuppression protocol.The shortage of human pancreatic donor is an ever unsolved problem in clinical application.The potential resolutions may include acquisition from xenogenic-islets;islets originated from stem cells,and islets from the living-donor human pancreas.The islets transplantation will open a new application field for interventional radiology.(J Intervent Radiol,2006,15: 577-579)
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for structure adjustment of medical industry. METHODS:The existing problems of medical industrial structure and urgency of structure adjustment were analyzed by retrieving related literatures and society survey. Based on the scientific outlook on development,the principle and points to which should be paid attention were put forward and suggestion was also given. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:It is necessary to adjust medical industrial structure. The measures should be conducted such as improving concentration ratio of medical remarket,optimizing industrial policy,accelerating merge and recombination of enterprises and promoting the growth of concentrated enterprises.
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OBJECTIVE: The main purposes of this study were to understand the correlations among Modified Barthel Index (MBI), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and ESCROW (Environment, Social support, Cluster of family members, Resources, Outlook, Work or School status) Profile, and to establish the more appropriate assessment standards to check patient's conditions in the hospital and in their homes and society. METHOD: Thirty-four patients, who received the rehabilitation treatment and home visiting at the Presbyterian Medical Center, were evaluated for their functions by MBI, FIM, and ESCROW Profile. RESULTS: The mean scores of assessment measures by home visiting were all higher than in the hospital showing an improvement of the patients' functions after discharge from the hospital. The results of MBI and FIM in the hospital and home visiting showed a significant correlation, while the results of MBI and Cognitive FIM measure indicated a relatively low correlation coefficient. Although each result of MBI, FIM, and ESCROW provided a low correlation when the patients were in the hospital, the result for home visiting revealed very significant correlations. Especially, the items of environment, social support, outlook, and work status of ESCROW showed very significant correlations with MBI and FIM. CONCLUSION: The results showed that MBI and FIM measurements were very useful in observing and following up the functional conditions of the patients, while ESCROW profile was more appropriate to evaluate the familial and social rehabilitation status.
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Humans , House Calls , Protestantism , Rehabilitation , Social EnvironmentABSTRACT
New teaching approaches and modes should be developed in the education of socialist value of honor and disgrace,in order to unify socialist value of honor and disgrace with the personal development of medical professionals,realize the social function of medical professionals during the cultural transmission,stress the construction of hospital culture which is oriented by socialist value of honor and disgrace,strengthen the timely characteristics of teaching content and mode in moral education,thus morality and the socialist value of honor and disgrace could be developed in the whole society.
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Medical ethics and ethos is a systematic and psychic engineering for hospital construction,essential requirement for creating a good image of a hospital,establishing a harmonious hospital and building a symphonious physician-patient relationship.This article summarizes the current condition about medical ethics and ethos,investigates how to strengthen the construction of hospital medical ethics and construct a set of effective rules and regulations under the guidance of scientific thinking on development.
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During the health reforms development,medical service sets a higher demand for neo-type medical talents,thus it is of great significance to direct the ideals and beliefs education for medical students with scientific outlook on development tensely based on the condition of the ideological,study and living reality of medical students.