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1.
Rev. colomb. psicol ; 22(2): 347-360, jul.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-702393

ABSTRACT

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los efectos del estrés social agudo inducido experimentalmente con una versión modificada del TSST (Trier Social Stress Test), en los niveles sistémicos de la hormona cortisol y en la ejecución de una tarea de atención sostenida y dividida, en estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos. Los resultados mostraron que el protocolo modificado del TSST produjo incrementos en los niveles sistémicos de cortisol en los participantes de sexo masculino, pero no afectó la ejecución en la prueba PASAT (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task). Se discuten estos resultados a la luz de trabajos previos en los que se observan diferencias por género en los efectos del estrés.


A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar os efeitos do estresse social agudo induzido experimentalmente com uma versão modificada do TSST (Trier Social Stress Test), nos níveis sistêmicos do hormônio cortisol e na execução de uma tarefa de atenção sustentada e dividida, em estudantes universitários de ambos os sexos. Os resultados mostraram que o protocolo modificado do TSST produziu aumento nos níveis sistêmicos de cortisol nos participantes de sexo masculino, mas não afetou a execução na prova PASAT (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task). Discutem-se esses resultados à luz de trabalhos prévios nos quais se observam diferenças por gênero nos efeitos do estresse.


This research project examined the effects of acute social stress induced experimentally with a modified version of TSST (Trier Social Stress Test) on the systemic levels of the cortisol hormone and on the execution of a sustained and divided attention task, in male and female university students. Results showed that the modified TSST protocol caused increases in the systemic levels of cortisol in male participants, but did not affect the execution of the PASAT (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task). The results are discussed in the light of previous studies in which gender differences in the effects of stress are observed.


Subject(s)
Attention , Hydrocortisone , Stress, Physiological , Neurology
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 69(3): 482-484, June 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-592507

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the difficulty of paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT) in a population of high intellectual level, under ideal cognitive testing circumstances. METHOD: One hundred medical students underwent PASAT testing. They had slept well the night before, they had eaten before the assessment, they were not using any drugs that could affect the central nervous system and they did not have depression, anxiety or any chronic disease. RESULTS: The average result from the three-second version of PASAT was 57.5 percent and, from the two-second version, it was 44.3 percent. CONCLUSION: Even under ideal circumstances, PASAT is a very difficult test for the general population. It may not be ideal for neurologists to screen, assess and follow up patients with cognitive function in multiple sclerosis.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a dificuldade do teste auditivo compassado de audição seriada (PASAT) em uma população de alto nível intelectual, sob condições ideais para testes cognitivos. MÉTODO: Cem estudantes de medicina se submeteram ao PASAT. Eles haviam dormido bem na noite anterior, tinham comido antes da avaliação, não estavam em uso de qualquer droga que pudesse afetar o sistema nervoso central e não apresentavam depressão, ansiedade ou qualquer doença crônica. RESULTADOS: A média de acertos na versão de três segundos do PASAT foi 57,5 por cento e, para a versão de dois segundos, a média foi 44,3 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: Mesmo sob condições ideais, PASAT é um teste muito difícil para a população geral. Talvez ele não seja ideal para que os neurologistas triem, avaliem e façam seguimento da função cognitiva na esclerose múltipla.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Auditory Perception/physiology , Intelligence , Neuropsychological Tests , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Reproducibility of Results , Students, Medical/psychology
3.
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science ; (12): 186-189, 2011.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-414377

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze reliability, validity and the correlative factors of the Chinese Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT).Methods Fifty healthy subjects were assessed with PASAT, MMSE, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD) ,the Fatigue Severity Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index( PSQI).After(7 ±2) days of the initial assessment,20 of the subjects were enrolled in the test-retest reliability and scorer reliability test,and 40 were taken into the construct validity test which included other 10 neuropsychological tests such as the Prospective Memory Test,the Chinese Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test,the Symbol Digit Modalities Test,the Trail Making Test and so on.Results The internal consistency reliability ( cronbach' s α = 0.900 ),test-retest reliability ( ICC = 0.837, P = 0.000), score reliability ( ICC = 0.999, P = 0.000) of the Chinese PA-SAT were generally high.Practice effect were observed in short term ( Z = -3.304, P= 0.001 ).Executive function,working memory,verbal memory, time based prospective memory and the ability of logic reasoning were involved to complete the task of PASAT.There was a significant positive correlation of the PASAT results and the education years( r=0.582, P=0.000).Conclusion The Chinese PASAT has good reliability and validity for Chinese young and middle-aged people.Years of education and the Chinese PASAT were significantly related.On the other hand, the relationship of the Chinese PASAT and other factors, such as age and gender, should be further explored in future.

4.
Gerais ; 1(1): [20-33], jun. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-879670

ABSTRACT

Uma amostra aleatória de 300 indivíduos de Belo Horizonte foi examinada para investigar o desempenho motor e cognitivo em adultos neurologicamente saudáveis. Participantes de idade entre 18 e 90 anos, com escolaridade entre 1 e 25 anos, foram avaliados com o Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), o Nine Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) e a Caminhada Cronometrada de 25 pés (TW-25). As análises de regressão mostraram que a idade influencia mais o desempenho motor (14% de variância explicada para membros superiores e 11% para membros inferiores) enquanto a velocidade de processamento é melhor explicada pela educação (10,6% da variância explicada). Análises da Receiver-Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) apontaram declínio do desempenho cognitivo em indivíduos com menos de 10 anos de escolarização, e do desempenho motor em indivíduos com mais de 60 anos de idade. A educação e a idade são duas variáveis importantes para a avaliação dos desempenhos motor e cognitivo.


Motor and cognitive performance in neurologically healthy adults and older people was examined in a random sample of 300 individuals from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Formal schooling ranged from 1 to 25 years, and age varied from 18 to 90 years-old. Participants were evaluated through the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Nine Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and Timed Walking of 25 feet (TW-25). Regression analyses showed that age influences motor performance (14% of explained variance for the upper limbs and 11% for the lower limbs), while cognitive speed was better explained by education (10,6% of explained variance). Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves analyses pointed out to a decline in cognitive performance in individuals with lower level of schooling (less than 10 years) and worse motor performance in older individuals (more than 60 years-old). Education and age are important variables to be taken into consideration in motor and cognitive assessments.

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