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Rev. chil. cir ; 65(5): 402-408, set. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-688445

ABSTRACT

Background: the finding of a hiatal hernia is usual during upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. However the correlation of symptoms, manometric and radiological findings with the endoscopy report is far from clear. Aim: to assess radiological findings, 24 pH measurements, esophageal manometry and symptoms among patients in whom a hiatal hernia was found during an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Material and Methods: one hundred fifteen patients aged 23 to 82 years (77 women), with an endoscopic diagnosis of a hiatal hernia of more than 5 cm were studied. An esophageal manometry and 24 hour pH determination were carried out. Results: hiatal hernias type I, II, II and IV were found in 50, 12, 38 and 15 patients of similar age, respectively. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms were more common among patients with hernias type I and III. Mechanical symptoms such as retrosternal pain were more common in type IV hernias. Manometry showed a hypotensive sphincter in 100 and 78 percent of patients with hernias type I and III, respectively. An abnormal 24 hour pH measurement was found in 95 and 85 percent of patients with hernias type I and III, respectively. Conclusions: functional studies show a high frequency of pathological acid reflux among patients with hiatal hernias type I and III.


El hallazgo de una hernia hiatal durante un estudio endoscópico se informa frecuentemente. Sin embargo, no hay referencias específicas acerca de los síntomas y los trastornos funcionales del esófago según el tipo de hernia hiatal. Objetivo: determinar los síntomas predominantes, los hallazgos radiológicos y endoscópicos y de los estudios funcionales en pacientes con los diferentes tipos de hernia hiatal. Método: se evaluaron 115 pacientes, todos con diagnóstico radiológico de hernia hiatal mayor a 5 cm, realizando estudios endoscópicos, histológicos y manometría esofágica, junto a pHmetría de 24 h. Resultados: la edad fue similar en los 4 tipos de hernia hiatal. Síntomas de reflujo gastroesofágico se presentaron con gran frecuencia en hernias tipo I y III, mientras que síntomas mecánicos se manifestaron en hernias tipo IV. El estudio manométrico mostró un esfínter hipotensivo junto con reflujo ácido patológico en casi 90 por ciento de las hernias tipo I y IIII. Conclusión: el estudio más útil para el diagnóstico de hernia hiatal es el radiológico. La endoscopia es necesaria para comprobar el daño de la mucosa esofágica. Los estudios funcionales muestran una alta prevalencia de reflujo ácido patológico en hernias hiatales tipo I y II.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Hernia, Hiatal/physiopathology , Hernia, Hiatal/pathology , Hernia, Hiatal , Age and Sex Distribution , Esophagoscopy , Esophagus/physiopathology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hernia, Hiatal/epidemiology , Manometry , Prospective Studies , Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology , Signs and Symptoms
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