Lactate acid level and prognosis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: a retrospective cohort study based on pediatric-specific critical care database

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between lactate acid level and hospitalization mortality in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Method Paediatric-specific critical care database collected clinical data from the intensive care unit of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University Medical College from 2010 to 2018. Clinical and laboratory examination information of NEC patients was collected and divided into the death group and discharge group to find out the risk factors affecting the prognosis through univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Among 104 NEC neonates, the admission age was 7.5 days and the weight was 2.03 kg. Comparing the death group with the discharge group, there were significant differences in therapeutic regimen, pH, serum albumin, total protein, creatinine and lactate acid. Multivariate and threshold effect analysis showed that lactate acid had a linear correlation with hospital mortality, and newborns who died in the hospital had much higher lactate levels than those who were discharged. The mortality of NEC newborns increased by 40-45% for every 1 mmol/L increase in lactate acid level. Conclusions There was a correlation between lactate acid level and hospital mortality in newborns with NEC, and lactate acid level was an important index to evaluate the prognosis of NEC.

Plasmin-α2-plasmin inhibitor complex and thrombin-antithrombin complex in risk stratification of massive transfusion in patients with postpartum hemorrhage / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the value of plasmin-α2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) for risk stratification of massive transfusion (MT) in patients with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). 【Methods】 Clinical data and blood samples of patients with PPH in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. MT (MT group, n=60) was defined as transfusion of red blood cells≥10 U within 24 h after delivery, and 3.25 ng/mL and PIC level>1.04 μg/mL were independent risk factors for MT after PPH. 【Conclusion】 Elevated TAT and PIC levels are independent predictors of MT in patients with PPH, and their combined predictive efficacy is better.

A aplicabilidade das pics na assistencia de enfermagem em pacientes com doença crônica: revisão integrativa / The applicability of pics in nursing care for patients with chronic disease: integrative review / La aplicabilidad de la pics en los cuidados de enfermería a pacientes con enfermedades crónicas: revisión integradora

A implementação das PICs no Brasil é uma realidade, dessa forma, compreende-se que o enfermeiro é o profissional que em tese deve possuir habilidades para aplicar as técnicas em pacientes. Com base nisso, o objetivo do trabalho foi descrever a atuação da enfermagem através de Planos de ações por intermédio das PICs em individuos com diminuição da qualidade de vida em razão do desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas degenerativas. Dessa forma, o presente artigo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a aplicabilidade das PICs, está consolidada, sendo uma prática bastante utilizada na intervenção terapêutica de indivíduos portadores de doenças crônicas degenerativas, na qual as mais utilizadas são: plantas medicinais, reiki, homeopatia, acupuntura e auricuoterapia, entretanto, em relação a assistência de enfermagem, foi observado impasses em relação a capacitação profissional. Logo, concluímos que com base nas produções cientificas existentes a respeito das PICs, a prática infere em diversos benefícios ao indivíduo, estas que se convergem a promoção de maior qualidade de vida ao paciente com doenças crônicas, porém, a falta de capacitação profissional revela um impasse ainda persistente.

The implementation of PICs in Brazil is a reality, therefore, it is understood that the nurse is the professional who, in theory, must have the skills to apply the techniques to patients. Based on this, the objective of the study was to describe the role of nursing through Action Plans through PICs in individuals with reduced quality of life due to the development of chronic degenerative diseases. Thus, this article is an integrative literature review. The results obtained show that the applicability of PICs is consolidated, being a practice widely used in the therapeutic intervention of individuals with chronic degenerative diseases, in which the most used are: medicinal plants, reiki, homeopathy, acupuncture and auricutherapy, however, in regarding nursing care, impasses regarding professional training were observed. Therefore, we conclude that based on the existing scientific productions regarding PICs, the practice infers in several benefits to the individual, these that converge to the promotion of a better quality of life for the patient with chronic diseases, however, the lack of professional training reveals a stalemate still persistent.

La implementación de los PICs en Brasil es una realidad, por lo tanto, se entiende que la enfermera es el profesional que, en teoría, debe tener las habilidades para aplicar las técnicas a los pacientes. Con base en esto, el objetivo del estudio fue describir el papel de la enfermería a través de Planes de Acción por medio de PICs en individuos con calidad de vida reducida debido al desarrollo de enfermedades crónico degenerativas. Así, este artículo es una revisión bibliográfica integradora. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la aplicabilidad de los PICs está consolidada, siendo una práctica ampliamente utilizada en la intervención terapéutica de individuos con enfermedades crónicas degenerativas, en la que las más utilizadas son: plantas medicinales, reiki, homeopatía, acupuntura y auricuterapia, sin embargo, en lo que respecta a los cuidados de enfermería, se observaron impasses en cuanto a la formación profesional. Por lo tanto, concluimos que con base en las producciones científicas existentes en relación a las PICs, la práctica infiere en varios beneficios al individuo, estos que convergen a la promoción de una mejor calidad de vida para el paciente con enfermedades crónicas, sin embargo, la falta de formación profesional revela un impasse aún persistente.

Profil pharmaco-doppler pénien des patients coronariens souffrant de dysfonction érectile à l'Institut de Cardiologie d'Abidjan une série de 30 cas / Penile pharmaco doppler profile of coronary patients with erectile dysfunction at the Abidjan Cardiology Institute: a series of 30 cases

Contexte et objectif. La maladie athéromateuse dont la coronaropathie étant une pathologie diffuse peut être prévenue par le contrôle des facteurs de risqué cardiovasculaire. Le but de cette étude était de décrire les caractéristiques pharmaco doppler pénien des patients coronariens souffrant de dysfonction érectile. Méthodes. Il s'agissait d'une série analytique des cas suivie entre juin 2020 et février 2021. Elle concernait des patients ayant des lésions athéromateuses significatives à la coronographie et souffrant de dysfonction érectile. Nous avons évalué les caractéristiques pharmaco doppler pénien. La qualité d'érection était appréciée par le score de rigidité Erectile Hardness Score (EHS). Résultats. Trente-six patients étaient inclus. L'âge moyen était de 56 ± 8,4 ans. le pic de Vitesse systolique au repos (PSVr) moyen des patients était de 13,7 cm/s ± 5,9. Le pic de vitesse systolique post injection (PSV pi) moyen des patients était de 23,9 cm/s ± 5,4. Les causes étaient principalement artérielles de 75%. La qualité d'érection était appréciée selon le score EHS : E1 (83%), E2 (22%), E3 (5%) et E4 (3%). Conclusion. La dysfunction érectile est associée aux facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire selon plusieurs études. L'echodoppler pénien avait occupé une place importante dans le diagnostic étiologique. Les causes retrouvées étaient principalement artérielles avec une baisse de PSVpi<25 cm/s.

Maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy alters the function of the retinol-binding protein 4-mediated mitochondrial permeability conversion pore in the kidneys of offspring rats

OBJECTIVES To determine the role of the RBP4/PiC/SIRT3 signaling pathway in the opening of the mitochondria permeability transition pore (mPTP) in offspring rats with hypothyroidism during pregnancy. METHODS Sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were employed in this study. Pregnancy was deemed successful when a sperm was found in the uterus. After one week of pregnancy, offspring rats were divided into the following groups: overall hypothyroidism group (OH group), subclinical hypothyroidism group (SCH group), and normal control group (CON group). The establishment of the hypothyroidism model was confirmed when the serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were higher than normal value and TT4 level was within the normal range. The renal mitochondria of offspring rats were extracted on the 14th postnatal day (P14) and 35th postnatal day (P35). RESULTS At P14, no significant differences in the degree of mPTP opening and expression of phosphoric acid carrier vector (PiC) were detected between the rats in the OH group and the SCH group. However, the expression level of silent mating-type information regulation 3 homolog (SIRT3) was markedly reduced. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) expression increased in the rats from the OH group, relative to that in those from the SCH group. At P35, the degree of mPTP opening and the expression levels of PiC and RBP4 in the OH group were higher than those in the SCH group. However, SIRT3 expression in the OH group was lower than that observed in the SCH group. CONCLUSION RBP4 plays an important role in early renal mitochondrial damage and renal impairment in rats suffering from hypothyroidism during pregnancy. The RBP4/PiC/SIRT3 pathway is thus involved in the opening of the renal mPTP in offspring rats with hyperthyroidism.

Acendendo as Luzes: uma inovação no Cuidado a Saúde dos Pacientes Oncológicos, Familiares e Equipe

Resumo: As práticas Integrativas e complementares têm se incorporado ao sistema de saúde de maneira significativa, na assistência a saúde dos pacientes, especialmente na área da oncologia. O câncer é uma doença devastadora que impacta de maneira negativa na vida do paciente, família e equipe. A utilização das Praticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC's) são uma alternativa que complementam os tratamentos convencionais na melhora da qualidade de vida e no cuidado a dimensão espiritual do ser humano. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de implantação das Terapias Integrativas e Complementares através do Projeto de Extensão Luzes. Métodos: as atividades realizadas são Reiki, Auriculoterapia, massagem laboral, meditação, grupo de oração, música e canto, Bio Energetics Medicine, Contação de histórias, confecção de origamis, avaliação da saúde bucal, construção de Mandalas e pinturas. As PIC's são desenvolvidas por um grupo de 136 voluntários dentre docentes, discentes e profissionais de diferentes áreas e da comunidade em geral. Desde sua implantação em Agosto de 2018 já atendeu mais de 1700 pessoas. É desenvolvido dentro do Hospital Regional do Oeste de Chapeco SC nos setores de Oncologia, Quimioterapia e Radioterapia. Resultados: as terapias integrativas e complementares são reconhecidas como benéficas pelos pacientes, familiares e profissionais. Consideradas aliadas na melhora da qualidade de vida durante o período de internação e tratamento. Também citada como uma maneira diferenciada de assistência a dimensão espiritual porque propicia a formação de vinculos mais empáticos entre profissionais, pacientes e família. Observa-se também uma maior qualificação no processo de formação profissional dos acadêmicos dos cursos de Enfermagem e Medicina da UFFS. Conclusões: A utilização das praticas integrativas e complementares no ambiente hospitalar foram sem sombra de dúvidas um desafio. Devemos reconhecer que valeu o desafio de implantar as Terapias Integrativas e Complementares que aliadas ao tratamento convencional trouxeram benefícios impares a tríade paciente, família e profissional. Um espaço de pratica das PIC's possibilita a formação de recursos humanos voltados ao SUS, com uma visão ampliada ao processo saúde-doença e mais competentes e comprometidos com a saúde integral do ser humano.

Integrative and complementary practices have been significantly incorporated into the health system in the health care of patients, especially in the area of oncology. Cancer is a devastating disease that negatively impacts the lives of patients, families and staff. The use of Integrative and Complementary Practices (ICPs) is an alternative that complements conventional treatments in improving the quality of life and caring for the spiritual dimension of the human being. Objective: Report the experience of implementation of Integrative and Complementary Therapies through the Lights Extension Project. Methods: The activities performed are Reiki, Auriculotherapy, Labor Massage, Meditation, Prayer Group, Music and Singing, Bio Energetics Medicine, Storytelling, Origami Making, Oral Health Assessment, Mandala Construction and Painting. PICs are developed by a group of 136 volunteers including teachers, students and professionals from different fields and the wider community. Since its implementation in August 2018, it has served more than 1700 people. It is developed within the Western Regional Hospital of Chapeco SC in the Oncology, Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy sectors. Results: Integrative and complementary therapies are recognized as beneficial by patients, families and professionals. Considered allies in improving the quality of life during hospitalization and treatment. Also cited as a different way of assisting the spiritual dimension because it provides the formation of more empathic links between professionals, patients and family. There is also a higher qualification in the process of professional training of students of Nursing and Medicine courses at UFFS. Conclusions: The use of integrative and complementary practices in the hospital environment was undoubtedly a challenge. We must recognize that the challenge of implementing the Integrative and Complementary Therapies that combined with the conventional treatment brought unfair benefits to the patient, family and professional triad was worth the challenge. A practice space for ICPs enables the formation of human resources focused on the SUS, with a broader view of the health­ disease process and more competent and committed to the integral health of human beings.

Transferibilidad de marcadores microsatélites de Anas platyrhynchos al pato criollo peruano Cairina moschata domestica / Cross species transferability of microsatellite markers from Anas platyrhynchos to Peruvian Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata domestica

Resumen El pato criollo peruano (Cairina moschata domestica) es una de las especies de mayor importancia económica en la alimentación humana. Las especies de patos forman grupos genéticos complejos y difíciles de reconocer, por lo que el uso marcadores microsatélites (SSR) identificados en una especie relacionada como Anas platyrhynchos, representa una opción atractiva, de menor costo y útil para resolver temas relacionados con la conservación de la diversidad genómica, flujo génico e hibridación entre poblaciones. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la transferibilidad de 24 SSR identificados para A. platyrhynchos a las poblaciones peruanas de C. moschata doméstica y determinar el grado de polimorfismo (PIC) de los marcadores transferibles. Para ello, se obtuvo ADN a partir de plumas alares usando el método cloroformo-alcohol isoamílico. Los SSR se construyeron con una secuencia adicional de 19 pb (cola M13) y se utilizaron fluoróforos 6-FAM, VIC, NED y PET para su etiquetado. Los fragmentos amplificados fueron visualizados en geles de agarosa 2% y separados por electroforesis capilar en un secuenciador automático ABI 3130XL. Los resultados mostraron 7 SSRs con un valor PIC alto (PIC>0.5) y que el marcador CMO211 se expresaba con un tamaño molecular menor del de la referencia. En conclusión, el presente trabajo demostró que el 75% de los SSR diseñados para A. platyrhynchos son transferibles a C. moschata domestica; y que sólo 7 fueron altamente informativos. Demostrando así que los SSRs son útiles en la detección de polimorfismos en especies relacionadas y pueden ser usados para mejorar las poblaciones peruanas de patos criollos.

Abstract Peruvian Muskovy duck (Cairina moschata domestica) is one of the most economically important species in human nutrition. Duck species form complex genetic groups which are difficult to recognize, thus the use microsatellite markers (SSRs) identified already in Anas platyrhynchos (related species), represents a very attractive option for its cheapness and usefulness for solving issues related to conservation of genomic diversity, gene flow and hybridization between population. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the degree of polymorphism (PIC) and the transferability of 24 SSRs identified for A. platyrhynchos to C. moschata domestica. In this study, DNA collected from wing feathers was extracted using the chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method. SSRs were constructed with an additional 19 bp sequence (M13 tail) and 6-FAM, VIC, NED and PET fluorophores were used for their labeling. The amplified fragments were visualized on 2% agarose gels and separated by capillary electrophoresis in an automatic ABI 3130XL sequencer. Results showed 7 SSR with high PIC value (PIC> 0.5) and the CMO211 marker expressed in a smaller molecular size that the one used as reference. In conclusion, we showed that 75% of the SSR designed for A. platyrhynchos were transferable to C. moschata domestica as well as we found only 7 SSR highly informative, thus we proved that SSR are highly useful for detecting polymorphisms in related species and improved the Peruvian populations of Muskovy ducks.

Advanced research of kynurenine pathway mechanism in suicide of major depressive disorder / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the world’s major chronic and disabling mental diseases. By 2030, MDD is expected to be the top of all the disease burden in the world, with high prevalence, high recurrence rate, high disability rate, and high suicide rate. Suicide is the most serious consequence of MDD. Current studies showed that inflammatory levels in the central nervous system and peripheral blood of patients with MDD were higher, and increased more significantly in depressive patients with suicidal ideation or behavior. Related researches showed that increased levels of inflammatory cytokines were associated with dysregulation of kynurenine metabolic pathway, leading to imbalances in neurometabolites, such as an excess of the neurotoxic product quinolinic acid and a decrease in the protective neuropeptide picolinic acid. This paper reviews kynurenine metabolic pathway, expecting to identify the biomarkers of MDD patients with suicide.

Smart Health Surveillance with Automated Database Using Android Mobile Device

ABSTRACT Smart Health Surveillance system is to measure and display the Electrocardiogram (ECG) and temperature of patient's body continuously and also to communicate to the doctor. The system measures ECG using infrared sensor and the temperatures at oral and wrist of the patient using temperature sensors. Microcontroller, receives the data from the sensors, displays the same and communicates to the web server automatically. In the existing system, patient's vital parameters are obtained and the obtained values are entered into database and then uploaded into a web-based server manually. The existing system has no alert signal, during abnormal condition to the surrounding and to the doctor. The proposed system consists of a visualization module of the server program, which graphically displays the recorded biomedical signals on android mobile devices used by doctors at the receiver end. It also gives a buzzer or an alarm in case of abnormal condition of the patient.

Una revisión sistemática del monitoreo de la presión intracraneana en adultos con trauma craneoencefálico severo / A systematic review of intracranial pressure monitoring in adults with severe traumatic brain injury

Objetivos: Revisar sistemáticamente la evidencia relacionada con el monitoreo de la presion intracraneana en unidades de cuidado neurocrítico en el contexto de trauma craneoencefálico severo. Criterios de elección: Ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que comparen el uso del monitoreo de la presión intracraneana (PIC) que muestren un estimado de mortalidad/discapacidad a 6 meses, en pacientes mayores de 12 años de edad con trauma craneoencefálico severo (escala de Glasgow menor a 8). Método de búsqueda: En Medline, el Registro Central de Ensayos Controlados (CENTRAL); PubMed, HINARI, EMBASE; Grupo Cochrane de Lesiones y las listas de referencias de artículos. De acuerdo con el Manual Cochrane para meta-análisis y revisión sistemática. Resultados: No hubo diferencias entre el grupo de PIC y el control en el pronóstico de discapacidad (RR [Riesgo Relativo]1.01, 95 por ciento CI 0.87 to 1.18). Sin embargo, el monitoreo de la PIC reduce la estancia en UCI en comparación con otros métodos. La estancia en UCI con tratamiento cerebral específico también se redujo en comparación con grupo control. Conclusiones: En pacientes con trauma craneoencefálico, no hubo diferencia entre el monitoreo de la PIC y el examen clínico sin embargo, para mantener una PIC baja, hubo una sustancial reducción de requerimiento de solución salina hipertónica y un descenso en la hiperventilación trayendo consigo beneficios para pacientes en UCI.

Objectives: To systematically review the evidence of intracranial pressure monitoring in neuro critical care unit in the context of a severe head injury. Study eligibility criteria: Patients were older than 12 years ,had a severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow coma scale < 8), that compared the use of ICP monitoring with control, that presented an estimate of mortality/ disability prognosis 6 months after injury.only randomized clinical trials. Methods: Searched MEDLINE, the Central Registerof Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PubMed, HINARI,EMBASE; Cochrane Injuries group and the reference lists of articles. In accordance with the Cochrane handbook for meta-analysis and systematic review. Results: In the ICP and control groups there was no difference in the prognosis of disability (RR [Relative Risk]1.01, 95 percent CI 0.87 to 1.18). However, ICP monitoring reduced the duration of stay in ICU compared to other surveillance methods. The stay in the ICU with specific medical support for brain injury was also reduced compared to the control group. Conclusions: In patients with severe traumatic brain injury, the ICP monitoring was not difference to imaging and clinical examination. However, by keeping the ICP low there was a substantial reduction in the requirement for hypertonic saline and a decrease in hyperventilation providing benefits to thepatient in the ICU.

As práticas integrativas e complementares grupais e sua inserção nos serviços de saúde da atenção básica / Group complementary and integrative practices and their insertion within basic attention health services / Las prácticas integrativas y complementares grupales y su inserción en los servicios de atención primaria en salud

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo discutir a inserção das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares Grupais nos serviços de saúde da atenção básica. Para tanto, foram realizadas seis entrevistas e duas rodas de conversa, totalizando a participação de 57 profissionais nas referidas práticas. Dos 66 equipamentos contactados, 37 realizavam alguma ação integrativa ou complementar de natureza coletiva, com 15 modalidades de PIC's grupais diferentes, a saber: relaxamento, meditação e yoga, tai chi chuan, grupos de suporte mútuo, cuidadores de Alzheimer, tenda do conto, grupo de prosa com mulheres, grupo de bordadeiras, grupo de idosos, grupo de caminhadas, grupo de terapia e arte, grupos de contação de histórias, terapia comunitária e teatro do oprimido. As PIC's grupais favorecem abordagens mais complexas sobre o processo saúde-doença e abrem o campo explicativo para os outros paradigmas distintos da biomedicina.

Abstract The present study aims to discuss the insertion of Group Complementary and Integrative Practices within basic attention health services. For this purpose, six interviews and two chat sessions were performed, comprehending the participation of 57 male and female workers, performing integrative and complementary practices. From the 66 basic attention equipment contacted, 37 performed some collective complementary and integrative actions, with 15 modes of different group CIPs, such as: relaxation, meditation and yoga, tai chi chuan groups, caretakers for Alzheimer, tale tent, women chat group, embroiders` group, senior people group, walking group, therapy and arts group, storytelling groups, community therapy and theatre of the oppressed. The group PIC's favour more complex approaches concerning the health-disease process and open the explaining field for other distinct paradigms in biomedicine.

Resumen Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar la inserción de las Prácticas Integrativas y Complementares Grupales en los servicios de salud de atención primaria. Por lo tanto, realizamos seis entrevistas y dos ruedas de conversación, totalizando la participación de 57 profesionales envueltos en las referidas prácticas. De los 66 servicios contactados, 37 realizaban acciones integrativas y complementares de carácter colectivo, con 15 diferentes intervenciones en PIC's, a saber: relajación, meditación, yoga, tai chi chuan, grupos de apoyo mutuo, tienda de cuentos, cuidadores historia de Alzheimer, grupo de conversación con mujeres, grupo de bordadoras, grupo de mayores de edad, grupo de caminadas, terapia y arte, grupos de contar historias, terapia comunitaria y teatro del oprimido. Las PIC's de grupo favorecen enfoques más complejos del proceso salud-enfermedad y abren el campo para explicar otros paradigmas distintos de la biomedicina.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Germplasm Using ISSR Markers.

Aim: This study aimed to uncover the diversity and population structure of 128 sesame genotypes using ISSR markers and identify highly diverse genotypes for the purposes of broadening the genetic base of sesame landraces grown in Ethiopia. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Botany research laboratory of Kasetsart University, Thailand, from April to July, 2013. Methodology: Genomic DNA of 128 sesame genotypes were subjected to PCR amplification and electrophoresis using seven ISSR markers and a binary data matrix prepared for each primer by scoring clear bands. The data generated were used to calculate the number of total bands (TB), polymorphic bands (PB), polymorphism percentage (P %) and polymorphic information content (PIC) for each locus. The number of different (Na) and effective (Ne) alleles, polymorphic loci (%), Shannon’s information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (He) for each population were calculated using GenAlEx 6.5 software. The data were also subjected to analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) via distance matrix. Fixation index (Fst) was computed to measure genetic differentiation among populations. Genetic associations among individual genotypes were determined based on dissimilarity matrix using Darwin version 5.0 and a Neighbour-Joining hierarchal tree was constructed based on UPGMA. Results: The 7 ISSR primers in 128 sesame genotypes yielded 96 reproducible amplified bands. The number of amplified bands varied from 7 to 19. Out of 96 bands, 89 (92.2%) were polymorphic. Average number of bands and polymorphic bands per primer were 14 and 12.6 respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged between 0.26 and 0.76, showing the high informativeness of the selected primers. The overall gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 0.37 and 0.54 respectively. Average dissimilarity value among the genotypes was 0.39. Maximum dissimilarity (0.88) was observed between genotypes Amr-NW6 and Amr-NG9 and less dissimilarity (0.014) was recorded between Amr-NW1 and Amr-NG1. SNNP-7 was the most diverse of all genotypes with highest average dissimilarity value of 0.77. AMOVA showed lower genetic divergence between populations (6%) than within population (94%) with average Fst of 0.061 across populations. The high intra-population variation could be because of large number of genotypes included and due to high out-crossing nature of sesame. Clustering and PCoA analyses clustered the genotypes into individual groups where most of the landraces were grouped in separate clusters irrespective of their geographic origins, while the cultivars were grouped in one cluster, suggesting less variability within the released varieties than the landraces. Accessions no. 56, 73, and 105 were out grouped from the rest. Conclusion: There exist considerable variations among sesame genotypes collected from different geographical regions of Ethiopia. Genotypes Amr-NSh-6, Benishangul-6 and SNNP-7 exhibited a good amount of genetic divergence and hence can be used in crossing program for genetic improvement of sesame in Ethiopia.

Unilateral Punctate inner choroidopathy with choroidal neovascular membrane in a young male.

Punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC), first described by Watzke et al., in 1984, is a disease of young, relatively healthy, myopic women characterized by small yellow‑white lesions of the inner choroid and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).[1] The chorioretinal lesions seen in PIC tend to be small and acutely no larger than 500 μm. Acute lesions heals to atrophic scars and develop more pigmentation with time. Choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM) develops in more than half of these individuals. We describe a case of PIC occurring in a young adult male with CNVM. The clinical characteristics, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) findings are described.

Intelligent Wireless Patient Monitoring and Tracking System (Using Sensor Network and Wireless Communication).

Aim of our work is to monitor the human body temperature, blood pressure (BP), Pulse Rate and ECG and tracking the patient location. The human body temperature, BP, Pulse Rate and ECG are detected in the working environment; this can be sensed by using respective sensors. The sensed information is send to the PIC16F877 microcontroller through signal conditioning circuit in the patient unit. A desired amount of sensor value is set and if it is exceeded preliminary steps should be taken by the indicating by buzzer.The sensor information will be transmitted from the patient unit to the main controller unit with the help of Zigbee communication system which is connected with the microcontrollers in the both units. The main controller unit will send those sensed data as well as the location of that patient by the help of GPS Module to the observer/doctor. The observer/doctor can receive the SMS sent by GSM module and further decision can be taken. The message is sent to a mobile phone using Global system mobile (GSM) Modem. MAX232 was a driver between microcontroller and modem.

Monitor de señales de electrocardiografía y frecuencia cardiaca mediante un teléfono móvil con el protocolo de comunicación Bluetooth / Monitor of ECG signal and heart rate using a mobile phone with Bluetooth communication protocol

Objetivo: Desarrollar un equipo de monitoreo de señales de electrocardiografía (ECG) y frecuencia cardiaca (FC) portátil, comunicado con un teléfono móvil mediante el protocolo de comunicación Bluetooth (BT), para su visualización en pantalla. Métodos: Se diseñó un sistema de monitoreo que en su sección electrónica realiza la adquisición de la señal de ECG, así como su amplificación, filtrado, conversión analógica a digital y transmisión por BT del ECG y la FC. Se desarrollaron dos programas para el sistema. El primero calcula la FC a través de la identificación del QRS, y envía las señales del ECG y FC al teléfono móvil. El segundo es una aplicación que permite adquirirlas y visualizarlas en la pantalla del móvil. Resultados: Se desarrolló un sistema electrónico portátil alimentado por una batería de 9 volts, de amplificación y ancho de banda que cumplen con los estándares internacionales, para monitoreo de ECG. La identificación del complejo QRS se realizó con el algoritmo de la segunda derivada, mientras que los programas realizados permiten enviar y recibir la información del ECG y la FC a través de BT, para visualizarlos en la pantalla del móvil. El monitoreo es factible hasta 15 m de distancia. Se probó en distintos móviles de Nokia®, Sony Ericsson® y Samsung®. Conclusiones: Este sistema muestra una alternativa de monitoreo móvil, con un teléfono por medio de BT y la programación en Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME). Permite registrar el trazo del ECG y la FC, y puede implementarse en diferentes móviles.

Objective: To develop a portable signal monitoring equipment for electrocardiography (ECG) and heart rate (HR), communicated with a mobile phone using the Bluetooth (BT) communication protocol for display of the signal on screen. Methods: A monitoring system was designed in which the electronic section performs the ECG signal acquisition, as well as amplification, filtering, analog to digital conversion and transmission of the ECG and HR using BT. Two programs were developed for the system. The first one calculates HR through QRS identification and sends the ECG signals and HR to the mobile, and the second program is an application to acquire and display them on the mobile screen. Results: We developed a portable electronic system powered by a 9 volt battery, with amplification and bandwidth meeting the international standards for ECG monitoring. The QRS complex identification was performed using the second derivative algorithm, while the programs allow sending and receiving information from the ECG and HR via BT, and viewing it on the mobile screen. The monitoring is feasible within distances of 15 m and it has been tested in various mobiles telephones of brands Nokia®, Sony Ericsson® and Samsung®. Conclusions: This system shows an alternative for mobile monitoring using BT and Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) programming. It allows the register of the ECG trace and HR, and it can be implemented in different phones.

On admission hypomagnesemia in critically Ill children: Risk factors and outcome.

Objective. To determine the frequency and associated risk factors of hypomagnesemia in pediatric intensive care unit on admission in a developing country. Methods. It is a retrospective chart review of 179 children aged 1 mo – 15yr admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of our university during 18 months and recorded serum Mg level on admission. Patients were divided into two groups according to their Mg level (Normo-magnesemic and Hypomagnesemic) and their p-value, crude and adjusted odds ratios (AoR) were calculated. Results. Upon admission in PICU 79(44%) patients were found hypomagnesemia. There was no difference in age and gender between two groups. The important risk factors identified were age greater than one yr (p 0.05, AOR 3.71), sepsis (p 0.03, AOR 3.11), hypokalemia (p 0.06, AOR 1.8), hypocalcemia (p 0.05, AOR 1.6), diuretic use (p 0.05, AOR 1.37), Aminoglycoside use (p 0.003, AOR 3.12), and hospitalization greater than five days (p 0.03, AOR 1.71). Those with normomagnesemic had higher mortality rate (32/100 or 32%) than those with hypomagnesemia (22/79 or 27.8%). Conclusion. The present finding indicates that hypomagnesemia is a common among PICU patients and is influenced by several factors.

Inbreeding Coefficients in Two Isolated Mongolian Populations: GENDISCAN Study

GENDISCAN study (Gene Discovery for Complex traits in Asian population of Northeast area) was designed to incorporate methodologies which enhance the power to identify genetic variations underlying complex disorders. Use of population isolates as the target population is a unique feather of this study. However, population isolates may have hidden inbreeding structures which can affect the validity of the study. To understand how this issue may affect results of GENDISCAN, we estimated inbreeding coefficients in two study populations in Mongolia. We analyzed the status of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), polymorphism information contents (PIC), heterozygosity, allelic diversity, and inbreeding coefficients, using 317 and 1,044 STR (short tandem repeat) markers in Orkhontuul and Dashbalbar populations. HWE assumptions were generally met in most markers (88.6% and 94.2% respectively), and single marker PIC ranged between 0.2 and 0.9. Inbreeding coefficients were estimated to be 0.0023 and 0.0021, which are small enough to assure that conventional genetic analysis would work without any specific modification. We concluded that the population isolates used in GENDISCAN study would not present significant inflation of type I errors from inbreeding effects in its gene discovery analysis.

Inbreeding Coefficients in Two Isolated Mongolian Populations: GENDISCAN Study

GENDISCAN study (Gene Discovery for Complex traits in Asian population of Northeast area) was designed to incorporate methodologies which enhance the power to identify genetic variations underlying complex disorders. Use of population isolates as the target population is a unique feather of this study. However, population isolates may have hidden inbreeding structures which can affect the validity of the study. To understand how this issue may affect results of GENDISCAN, we estimated inbreeding coefficients in two study populations in Mongolia. We analyzed the status of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), polymorphism information contents (PIC), heterozygosity, allelic diversity, and inbreeding coefficients, using 317 and 1,044 STR (short tandem repeat) markers in Orkhontuul and Dashbalbar populations. HWE assumptions were generally met in most markers (88.6% and 94.2% respectively), and single marker PIC ranged between 0.2 and 0.9. Inbreeding coefficients were estimated to be 0.0023 and 0.0021, which are small enough to assure that conventional genetic analysis would work without any specific modification. We concluded that the population isolates used in GENDISCAN study would not present significant inflation of type I errors from inbreeding effects in its gene discovery analysis.

Design of an instrument of measuring individual physical consumption in army training / 医疗卫生装备

Exercise quantity is one of the important indexes used to evaluate physical consumption during training, so it is necessary to design a kind of instrument to accurately measure physical consuption. It must be practical, portable and with a low power consumption. This article introduces the mechanism of measuring exercise quantity. The methods of traditional and acceleration compared, the latter is selected. The design is described from the two aspects of general design and component choosing.