Evaluation of Clinical Outcome of Patients Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy with the Help of Portsmouth Predictor Equation for Mortality (P-Possum Score)

Introduction: Emergency laparotomy, though lifesaving, mayresult in significant morbidity and mortality. In an attempt toclinically evaluate patients undergoing emergency laparotomyand predict their mortality using the worldwide acceptedPortsmouth Predictor equation for mortality (P POSSUM), thepresent study was undertaken in the Surgery department of atertiary care hospital in eastern India.Material and methods: This observational cross-sectionalstudy included 60 patients aged between 15 to 75 years,undergoing emergency laparotomy during the specified studyperiod of one and half years.Results: It was observed that out of 60 patients, 63.3%were male, and mean age was 40.60 (16.67) years. Pepticperforation was the most common indication for laparotomy.Mean P POSSUM predicted mortality risk was 40.617%(Range-0.8 to 99.7). Twenty-four patients died during hospitalstay. ROC curve analysis of P POSSUM scores revealed thatif a cut off value of P POSSUM score of 42.45% was selected,mortality could be predicted with a sensitivity of 70.80% anda specificity of 83.30%.Conclusion: Thus, P POSSUM might be a useful tool inpredicting risk of short-term mortality following emergencylaparotomy

CR-POSSUM and Surgical Apgar Score as predictive factors for patients' allocation after colorectal surgery / Escore CR-POSSUM e Índice de Apgar Cirúrgico como fatores preditivos para a alocação de pacientes após cirurgia colorretal

Abstract Background and objectives Surgical patients frequently require admission in high-dependency units or intensive care units. Resources are scarce and there are no universally accepted admission criteria, so patients' allocation must be optimized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between postoperative destination of patients submitted to colorectal surgery and the scores ColoRectal Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity (CR-POSSUM) and Surgical Apgar Score (SAS) and, secondarily find cut-offs to aid this allocation. Methods A cross-sectional prospective observational study, including all adult patients undergoing colorectal surgery during a 2 years period. Data collected from the electronic clinical process and anesthesia records. Results A total of 358 patients were included. Median score for SAS was 8 and CR-POSSUM had a median mortality probability of 4.5%. Immediate admission on high-dependency units/intensive care units occurred in 51 patients and late admission in 18. Scores from ward and high-dependency units/intensive care units patients were statistically different (SAS: 8 vs. 7, p < 0.001; CR-POSSUM: 4.4% vs. 15.9%, p < 0.001). Both scores were found to be predictors of immediate postoperative destination (p < 0.001). Concerning immediate high-dependency units/intensive care units admission, CR-POSSUM showed a strong association (AUC 0.78, p = 0.034) with a ≥9.16 cut-off point (sensitivity: 62.5%; specificity: 75.2%), outperforming SAS (AUC 0.67, p = 0.048), with a ≤7 cut-off point (sensitivity: 67.3%; specificity: 56.1%). Conclusions Both CR-POSSUM and SAS were associated with the clinical decision to admit a patient to the high-dependency units/intensive care units immediately after surgery. CR-POSSUM alone showed a better discriminative capacity.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Os pacientes cirúrgicos com frequência precisam de internação em unidade de alta dependência ou unidade de terapia intensiva. Os recursos são escassos e não há critérios de admissão universalmente aceitos; portanto, a alocação dos pacientes precisa ser aprimorada. O objetivo primário deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre o destino dos pacientes após cirurgia colorretal e o Índice de Apgar Cirúrgico (IAC) e o escore CR-POSSUM - do inglês ColoRectal Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity - e, secundariamente, descobrir pontos de corte para auxiliar essa alocação. Métodos Estudo prospectivo de observação transversal, incluiu todos os pacientes adultos submetidos à cirurgia colorretal durante um período de dois anos. Os dados foram coletados do prontuário clínico eletrônico e dos registros de anestesia. Resultados Foram incluídos 358 pacientes. A mediana para o IAC foi 8 e para a probabilidade de mortalidade no CR-POSSUM, 4,5%. A admissão imediata em unidade de alta dependência/unidade de terapia intensiva ocorreu em 51 pacientes e a admissão tardia em 18. Os escores dos pacientes na enfermaria e na unidade de alta dependência/unidade de terapia intensiva foram estatisticamente diferentes (tempo de internação: 8 vs. 7, p < 0,001; CR-POSSUM: 4,4% vs. 15,9%, p < 0,001). Os dois escores foram preditivos do destino imediato pós-cirurgia (p < 0,001). Em relação à admissão imediata em UAD/UTI, CR-POSSUM mostrou uma forte associação (ASC 0,78; p = 0,034) com um ponto de corte ≥ 9,16 (sensibilidade: 62,5%; especificidade: 75,2%), superou o IAC (ASC 0,67, p = 0,048), com ponto de corte ≤ 7 (sensibilidade: 67,3%; especificidade: 56,1%). Conclusões Tanto o CR-POSSUM quanto o IAC foram associados à decisão clínica de admitir um paciente em unidade de alta dependência/unidade de terapia intensiva imediatamente após a cirurgia. CR-POSSUM isolado mostrou uma capacidade discriminativa melhor.

Evaluation of POSSUM scoring in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for hollow viscus perforation

Introduction: Crude morbidity and mortality rates are limited indicators of quality of care, and can be misleading when the results of emergency surgery are compared between different units and hospitals. Scoring systems that group patients based on the severity of illness before treatment can allow a meaningful analysis of morbidity and mortality rates. Risk-adjusted comparisons can then be made between surgeons and hospitals. The aim of the study: To evaluate the efficacy of POSSUM scoring as a risk assessment tool in predicting morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for hollow viscus perforation. Materials and methods: Totally 100 patients who underwent emergency laparotomy from January 2015 to September 2015 at Madras Medical College and Hospital were studied. Data were collected prospectively on a pro forma prepared for the study. All patients had their physiological score recorded on admission. Results: In our study, using POSSUM score the morbidity prediction ranges from 91 – 100% morbidity rates seen in 21 patients and 31 – 40% morbidity rates seen in 22 patients. But the morbidity was observed in 63 patients out of 100. On comparing the predicted and the observed morbidity, the prediction using POSSUM and the observed morbidity was found similar. Conclusion: From our study, it has been evaluated that POSSUM scoring in patients with perforation peritonitis is a significant tool to evaluate the mortality and morbidity outcomes of the patients.

Clinical significance of the M-POSSUM, NRS2002 in predicting surgical risk of general surgery / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To evaluate the effect of M-POSSUM and NRS2002 in predicting the postoperative complications and mortality of abdominal surgery in general surgery.Methods:The M-POSSUM score and NRS2002 score of 121 patients undergoing abdominal major surgery in Department of general surgery were measured by continuous fixed-point sampling,and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was compared between the two methods.The levels of serum albumin,prealbumin and complications were recorded 1,3 and 7 days after operation.Results:The scores of M-POSSUM and NRS2002 in the complication group were significantly higher than those in the non complication group.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The scores of M-POSSUM and NRS2002 in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group(P＜0.05).The area under curve(AUC) of M-POSSUM,NRS2002 score and the combination of the two methods were 0.795,0.714 and 0.826 respectively.The AUC for predicting mortality were 0.904,0.871,and 0.935,respectively.Albumin and prealbumin were significantly lower than those before operation on 1 day,3 day and 7 day(P＜0.05).The values of albumin and prealbumin in the patients without complications increased significantly on the 7 day after surgery(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between the patients with complications and the 3 days after operation(P＞0.05).Conclusion:M-POSSUM score and NRS2002 score can effectively predict the complications and mortality after general surgery.Patients with major abdominal surgery have higher nutritional risk,and albumin and prealbumin are significantly lower than those before operation,suggesting that the incidence of complications may increase.

Evaluation of P-POSSUM as a Risk Prediction Model in Laparoscopic Gastrectomy of Elderly Patients with Gastric Cancer

PURPOSE: The physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) is a validated scoring system for auditing surgical outcomes. However, evaluation of this system has primarily been applied to open surgical techniques. The present study demonstrates the validity of P-POSSUM in predicting morbidity and mortality in the treatment of elderly patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative laparoscopic gastrectomy. METHODS: All patients aged 70 years or over, who underwent curative laparoscopic gastrectomy between January 2014 and January 2015, were collected from our hospital database. A case-note review was used to collate data in terms of clinical and operative factors as described in P-POSSUM. Observed/Estimated ratio of morbidity and 30-day mortality were calculated. RESULTS: Laparoscopic gastrectomy was performed in 101 patients. The mean age was 74.9 years (70~83 years). A significant postoperative morbidity was observed in 20 (19.8%) of 101 patients. There was no 30-day mortality. Using exponential analysis, P-POSSUM predicted morbidity in 22 patients. Thus, O/E ratios for morbidity and mortality were 0.9 and 0, respectively. CONCLUSION: P-POSSUM scoring slightly overestimated predictions of morbidity and mortality. An assessment of its application to laparoscopic gastrectomy of elderly patients with gastric cancer merits further evaluation. Also, laparoscopic gastrectomy was a feasible and safe treatment for elderly patients in terms of P-POSSUM.

Utilidad de la puntuación de boey y portsmouth-possum fisiológico en pacientes con úlcera péptica perforada / Performance of boey score and physiologic portsmouth-possum in patients with perforated peptic ulcer

Introduction: Surgical scores such as Boey and physiologic Portsmouth-POSSUM have been independently applied to patients with perforated ulcer to stratify their surgical risk. However, there are no studies comparing both scores. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of Boey score and Portsmouth-POSSUM in patients with perforated peptic ulcer. Methods: A retrospective comparative study was performed including 108 consecutive patients older than 15-years submitted to emergency surgery from January 2002 to June 2012. Patients operated on for perforated gastric cancer were excluded. The primary outcome measure was to compare the performance of Portsmouth-POSSUM and Boey score. Secondary outcome measures were to determine cutoff points for Portsmouth-POSSUM, Boey score, C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cells (WBC) count, to predict patients at risk for complications. Results: The best cutoff point for CRP was 37.5 mg/l, and for WBC was 11.600 mm³ (OR 2.9 and 4.4). The best cutoff point for physiologic Portsmouth-POSSUM was 14, for surgical Portsmouth-POSSUM were 12, and for predictive Portsmouth-POSSUM was 0.8 percent. A time of perforation higher than 24 h had an OR of 35, and Boey score of 3 had an OR of 38.3. When Boey score was 2, with preoperative shock and time of perforation higher than 24 h being the positive variables, the OR was 194.3. Conclusions: Boey score performed better than Portsmouth-POSSUM, remaining a more specific score to stratify patients submitted to emergency surgery for perforated peptic ulcer.

Introducción: Puntuaciones pronósticas como la de Boey y el Portsmouth-POSSUM han sido utilizadas en pacientes con úlcera perforada para estratificar el riesgo quirúrgico. No existen estudios que comparen ambas puntuaciones. El objetivo del presente estudio es el de comparar el rendimiento de estas puntuaciones en pacientes con úlcera péptica perforada. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio comparativo retrospectivo que incluyó 108 pacientes consecutivos mayores de 15 años sometidos a cirugía de urgencia entre enero de 2002 y junio de 2012. Se excluyeron pacientes operados por cáncer gástrico perforado. El objetivo principal fue comparar el rendimiento de la puntuación de Boey con Portsmouth-POSSUM. Los objetivos secundarios fueron determinar los puntos de corte para Portsmouth-POSSUM, puntuación de Boey, proteína C-reactiva (PCR) y recuento de leucocitos (RL) como factores predictivos de riesgo. Resultados: El mejor punto de corte para PCR fue 37,5 mg/l y para RL 11.600 mm³ (OR 2,9 y 4,4). El mejor punto de corte para Portsmouth-POSSUM fisiológico fue 14, para Portsmouth-POSSUM quirúrgico fue 12 y para Portsmouth-POSSUM predictivo fue 0,8 por ciento. Un tiempo de perforación mayor a 24 h tenía un OR de 35 y un puntaje de Boey de 3 tenía un OR de 38,3. Cuando el puntaje de Boey fue 2 con las variables choque preoperatorio y perforación mayor a 24 h, el OR fue 194,3. Conclusiones: La puntuación de Boey presentó mejor rendimiento que Portsmouth-POSSUM, representando una puntuación más específica para estratificar pacientes sometidos a cirugía de urgencia por úlcera perforada.

Value of orthopedic POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring system in predicting operation risk in aged patients with hip fracture / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To measure the value of orthopedic physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) and Portsmouth modified POSSUM (P-POSSUM) scoring systems in predicting operative risks in aged hip fracture patients.Methods Orthopedic POSSUM and P-POSSUM were performed to predict complication incidence and mortality for 164 aged patients operated for hip fracture.Validation of the scoring systems was tested by assessing observed to expected ratio,discrimination,and calibration.Discriminative ability and calibration of both scores were estimated using receiver operation characteristic curve (ROC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow test respectively.Results Orthopedic POSSUM score performed in predicting incidence of postoperative complications showed overall observed to expected ratio of 0.86,area under the curve of 0.82,and good calibration (H2 =3.66,df=8,P ＞ 0.05).P-POSSUM performed in predicting mortality showed overall observed to expected ratio of 0.80,area under the curve of 0.93 and good calibration (H2 =3.21,df =4,P ＞ 0.05).While orthopedic POSSUM overestimated postoperative mortality (overall observed to expected ratio =0.27).Conclusion Orthopedic POSSUM and P-POSSUM scores are respectively accurate in predicting postoperative complication incidence and mortality in aged hip fracture patients,but orthopedic POSSUM score overestimates the mortality.

Mortality prediction using POSSUM scoring system for laparotomy patients in Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda

Prediction of serious complications is an essential part of risk management in surgery. Knowing which patient to operate and those at high risk of dying contributes significantly to the quality of surgical care and cost reduction. The postoperative mortality of patients who underwent laparotomy in Mulago Hospital was studied using Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM). Consecutive patients who underwent laparotomy in Mulago Hospital were recruited and consent obtained. Patients operated were followed up to the 30th postoperative day. Postoperative deaths were promptly investigated and findings recorded. Follow-up of patients was conducted by phone and surgical review once a week in outpatient. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Makerere University Medical School. Seventy-six patients participated and the observed mortality was 14.5% and the predictive value of POSSUM using Receiver Operative Characteristics (ROC) curve was 0.817 (95% Confidence Interval 0.711, 0.924) and the Hosmer and Lemeshow test predicted 18.2% of mortality and survival 100%. Postoperative mortality can be predicted in the modern management of surgery using POSSUM. It is markedly influenced by the preoperative, operative and postoperative conditions of the patients.

POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring system in predicting the risks of orthopedic surgeries for senile patients with femoral neck fracture / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of the physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) and P-POSSUM in predicting the risks of orthopedic surgeries for senile patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods A total of 108 patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent hip joint replacement were retrospectively studied using POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring system to predict their mortality and complication rate.The difference between predictive value and observed value was analyzed by chi-square test.Meanwhile,the patients were divided into two groups based on their POSSUM scores.The differences between two groups were analyzed.Results According to POSSUM scores,47 patients were predicted to have complications(the mean rate was 43.52％),but only 37 did actually (the rate was 34.26％).There was no significant difference between predicted values and observed values (P =0.238).The predicted death toll was 11 cases (the mean rate was 10.19％),but actually only 2 patients died (the rate was 1.85％).Predicted value was higher than observed value.In terms of complications,death toll agreed well with the predicted values calculated by P-POSSUM (predicted death of 4 cases' the mean mortality being 3.70％ ; actual death of 2 cases' the mortality was 1.85％) without significant difference (P =0.625).We divided the patients into two groups with the POSSUM scores 40,and there was no significant difference between predicted values and observed values (P =0.527,P =0.285).Conclusions POSSUM has better predictive ability of morbidity,but overestimates mortality.P-POSSUM more accurately predicts mortality than POSSUM.The predicted results of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring systems are satisfactory in the high risk group.

Application of dynamic APACHEⅡscore and POSSUM score in patients with severe acute pancreatitis / 中国基层医药

Objective To discuss the value of combining the physiological and operative severity score for enumeration of mortality and morbidity(POSSUM)and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)in severe acute pancreatitis(sAP).Methods 60 cases of SAP were divided into surgery group(n=15)and non-surgical group(n=45),Non-surgical group was vahde with APACHE Ⅱ score,the surgery group with POSSUM score,decided to continue conservative treatment or surgery treatment,Observation of two ways with the complications and death.Results The rates of compHcafions and death were(0.37±0.08)and(0.27±0.09)in Single-operation group(n=15)higher than(0.76±0.14)and(0.61±0.15)in surgical group(n=11)(t1=3.125,t2=3.211,P＜0.01);APACHEⅡ score of mortality in operation group and non-surgical group were no significant difference(x2=2.28,x2=1.98,P＞0.05);APACHE Ⅱ score were(10.12±6.27)in survival group(n=46)were lower than (25.75±7.90)in death group(n=14)(t=2.525,P＜0.05.Conclusion The score of dynamic APACHE Ⅱ has better effect to judge the timing of surgery,and the score of POSSUM has high value to predict post-operative complications and deaths occurred in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Validation of POSSUM-physiological Score as Predictors of Post-operative Morbidity and Mortality after Emergency Operation for Peptic Ulcer Complications

PURPOSE: The POSSUM (Physiological and Operative Severity Score for Enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity) score was developed to predict post-operative mortality and morbidity rates. The aim of this study was to validate the POSSUM physiologic score (POSSUM-P) in emergent operations for peptic ulcer complications. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data on patients who underwent emergent operation for peptic ulcer complications at Boramae Hospital between January 2003 and April 2009. The data included patients' characteristics (underlying disease, medication, duration of symptoms), operative characteristics (operation method, morbidity, and mortality) and the items for the POSSUM-P (basic information (age, sex, etc.), circulatory and respiratory signs, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, potassium level, sodium level, urea level and Glasgow coma scale). The POSSUM-P was calculated and compared according to the morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: One hundred and twelve patients were included. As for operation methods, primary repair (48.2%) was most common, followed by truncal vagotomy with pyloroplasty (27.7%). Thirty-seven patients had morbidities including wound infections (20), pneumonias (14), fluid collections (9), and so on. Eight patients died due to sepsis or pulmonary edema. The means of POSSUM-P were significantly different between patients with and without mortality (37.8 vs. 19.2, P<0.001) and between patients with and without morbidity (26.7 vs. 17.3, P<0.001). Those were different between patients with and without postoperative pneumonia and wound infection (P=0.002 and P=0.029, respectively). CONCLUSION: The POSSUM physiologic score could help to predict the mortality or morbidity after emergency operation for complications of peptic ulcer disease, especially postoperative pneumonia or wound infection.

POSSUM, P-POSSUM, and Cr-POSSUM Scoring Systems as Predictors of Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality in Elderly Colorectal Cancer Patients

PURPOSE: The Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Morbidity and Mortality (POSSUM), the Portsmouth-POSSUM (P-POSSUM), and the colorectal-POSSUM (Cr-POSSUM) are relative scoring systems for the prediction of postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study is designed to evaluate the usefulness of each scoring system in elderly colorectal cancer patients undergoing major colorectal surgery. METHODS: From January 2000 to May 2008, the authors retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 251 elderly colorectal cancer patients who had undergone surgery. Collected data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, a risk stratification analysis, and a receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the usefulness and the accuracy of each scoring system. RESULTS: All the predicted morbidity and mortality rates calculated by using the three POSSUM systems were higher than the observed morbidity and mortality rates. A risk stratification analysis showed a considerable correlation in risk prediction between the observed data and the calculated data. The ROC curves showed that all three POSSUM scoring systems had quite high accuracies as predictors of postoperative morbidity and mortality. POSSUM and P-POSSUM were more accurate than Cr-POSSUM. CONCLUSION: All three scoring systems have a tendency for overestimation. The accuracies of POSSUM, P-POSSUM, and Cr-POSSUM as predictors are acceptance, and POSSUM and P-POSSUM are more accurate than Cr-POSSUM for prediting postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Validación de los índices POSSUM Y Portsmouth-POSSUM en cirugía general en dos instituciones de segundo nivel: estudio analítico tipo corte transversal / Validation of POSSUM and Portsmouth-POSSUM indices in general surgery in two second-level institutions: cross-sectional analytical study

Introducción. Los índices POSSUM y Portsmouth-POSSUM se basan en variables antes y durante la cirugía y no sólo predicen la morbimortalidad, sino que también son útiles para valorar la calidad de la atención en salud. Son de amplia difusión en Inglaterra y casi desconocidos entre nosotros. Son prácticos, económicos, sencillos y rápidos de ejecutar. Objetivos. Validar estos índices, POSSUM y Portsmouth-POSSUM, en dos instituciones de segundo nivel. métodos. Mediante un estudio tipo corte trasversal y usando escalas de riesgo, se realizó la validación en 513 pacientes, 232 de la Clínica de la Policía y 281 del hospital de Málaga. Resultados. El POSSUM predijo un exceso de morbilidad (17,55% Vs. 10,33%) y de mortalidad (4,3% Vs.1,75%). Igualmente, hubo exceso en la predicción según la institución: en la mortalidad, 13,69% Vs. 7,33%, y en la mortalidad, 20,67% Vs.12,81%, en la Clínica de la Policía en comparación con el hospital de Málaga, respectivamente. El índice Portsmouth-POSSUM mostró una adecuada correlación: predijo 1.6% y se observó 1,75%, Conclusiones. Ambos índices predicen un exceso de mortalidad, aunque este efecto es menor con el Portsmouth-POSSUM. Sucede lo mismo con el POSSUM para la morbilidad. Estos hallazgos son similares con los de estudios previos sobre la validación de estos puntajes. Los mejores factores de predicción de morbimortalidad fueron la morbilidad previa, la infección grave de la cavidad abdominal y la edad.

Introdution. The POSSUM and Portsmouth-POSSUM indexes are based on pre and intra operatory period variable. These indexes, not only predict morbimortality but they are also useful to audit the health care attention quality. These indexes have a broad diffusion in England, yet still unknown for us. They are practical, economical, simple and fast to execute. Objectives. Validate Index Possum (IP) and P-Possum (IP-P) in two secondary level institutions. methods. Through Transversal cut type of study and building risk scales. The validation was developed in 513 patients. Clinica Policia (CP) N=232 and Hospital de Malaga (HM) N=281. Results. Possum it over-predicts morbidity (17.55% vs. 10.33%) and mortality; (4.3% vs. 1.75%). Same over-prediction occurred for Institution: CP: 13.69% vs. 7.33% and 20.67% vs. 12.81% in HM. The Portsmouth-POSSUM showed adequate correlation: prediction 1.6% and observed 1.75%. Conclusions. Both indexes over-predict mortality, although it is less visible through the Pos-Possum. Also, same over-prediction is given to morbidity with Possum. These fndings are very consistent with previous studies about these index validations. The best morbimortality predictors were the previous morbidity, severe infection of the abdominal cavity and the age.

A reliable auditing of postop complication in gastric cancer surgery / 国际外科学杂志

Background Auditing of surgical outcome is controversial due to lack of standard auditing system. POSSUM (Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Morbidity and mortality)system provides a risk adjusted auditing in surgical practice, which is a reliable scoring system. However it has not been generalized in China, especially in gastric surgery. Present study evaluates the application of POSSUM system to compare surgical outcome of malignant gastric disease between specialized unit and general unit. Methods Retrospective study was performed on 394 patients who underwent surgical intervention for gastric cancer and malignant gastric lymphoma. POSSUM data were collected according to standard criteria described by its original authors. Exponential analysis method was used for data analysis. Observed to Expected morbidity (O:E) ratio was calculated for each unit to give risk adjusted comparison. All the complications were categorized into minor to severe to give an objective view of complications. Results There was significant difference in surgical outcome between specialized unit and general unit. POSSUM predicted morbidity well and O: E ratio of specialized unit was better than general unit. Further more postop stay wassignificantly shorter(P ＜0.001 ) in specialized unit and number of moderate and severe morbidity was significantly lower (P＜0.001) than general unit. Conclusions Surgical outcome of specialized unit was better than general unit. POSSUM can be used for risk adjusted auditing of postop complications in malignant gastric disease, which provides a reliable audit. However morbidity definition in POSSUM should be amended and modification in POSSUM formula may be necessary to fit major surgical interventions like gastric cancer surgery.

Application of POSSUM Score in Evaluating Operation Risk in Femoral Shaft Fractures / 医学研究杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of Orthopaedic POSSUM scoring system in predicting mortality and morbidity for the patients underwent femoral shaft fractures.Methods The mortality and incidence of postoperative complications was predicted with in a retrospective study of 155 cases of femoral shaft fractures.Results The estimated incidence of postoperative complications is 45/155, which has no statistical significance with the real incidence 39/155 (?2=0.59,P=0.44), The estimated morbidity by POSSUM is more accurate in high-risk subgroup than in low-risk one. The estimated mortality is 10/155, which also has no statistical significance with the real mortality 8/155 (?2=0.24,P=0.63).Conclusion The POSSUM scoring system can predict postoperative mortality and morbidity for the patients underwent femoral shaft fractures efficiently.