ABSTRACT
Aims: This research investigated the thrombolytic, cytotoxic and antidiabetic effects of Paederia foetida leaf methanol extract. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh, between April to December, 2012. Methodology: An in-vitro thrombolytic model was used to check the thrombolytic effect of Paederia foetida extract using streptokinase as a positive control. Cytotoxic effect was measured by Brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Antidiabetic effect of the extract was conducted in alloxan induced diabetic model of Swiss albino mice. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA using statistical package for social science (SPSS) software. Results: In in-vitro thrombolysis, Paederia foetida extract (100μl) lysed 21.40 ± 1.39 %, Streptokinase (positive control) 81.42 ± 0.88 % and water (negative control) 4.63 ± 0.31% of the blood clots. These clot lysis values were statistically different (p<0.05) from each other. In Brine shrimp bioassay, lethal concentration (LC50) of Paederia foetida extract was found 65.31 μg/mL which was statistically significant compared to Vincristine sulfate (positive control, LC50=0.76 μg/mL). The extract showed a significant and dosedependent decrease in blood glucose level in alloxan induced diabetic mice. The effect of the extract was comparable to the reference antidiabetic drug metformin (150 mg/kg BW). Conclusion: The results demonstrated a moderate thrombolytic, cytotoxic and antidiabetic effect of Paederia foetida leaf extract to be analyzed further for prospective pharmaceutical preparation.
ABSTRACT
The antibacterial activities of n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate fractions of methanolic extracts of the whole plants Paederia foetida (family Rubiaceae) were screened against various pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Sarcina lutea, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella paratyphi , Salmonella typhi, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio mimicus, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Sacharomyces cerevacae by ‘disc diffusion method’. The methanol extract of the whole plants possesses no antimicrobial activity but the ethyl acetate, chloroform and n-hexane fractions exhibited moderate to less activity against some organisms tested compared with the standard antibiotic Kanamycin. Brine shrimp lethality bio-assay was done using brine shrimp Nauplii and dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent for the methanol plant extracts of Paederia foetida. The LC50 value of methanol extract of the plant indicated that the cytotoxicity was very significant.