Analyzing the influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among manufacturing painters / 中国职业医学

@#Objective - To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) Methods among painters in the manufacturing industry. A total of 639 painters from one shipbuilding enterprise, one automobile manufacturing enterprise and three wooden furniture manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects using typical sampling method. The Chinese version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was Results used to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs in the past one year, and the influencing factors were analyzed. The total prevalence rate of WMSDs among painters in the manufacturing industry was 37.4%. The prevalence of WMSDs in different vs vs P industries from high to low was shipbuilding, automobile and furniture manufacturing (50.0% 38.7% 29.0%, <0.01). The prevalence of WMSDs in different parts of the body from high to low was neck, ankle/foot, shoulder, low back, upper back, knee, vs vs vs vs vs vs vs vs P hand/wrist, hip/leg and elbow (20.7% 19.2% 17.4% 15.8% 14.1% 13.8% 13.5% 9.5% 6.6%, <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that working in uncomfortable postures was a risk factor for neck, ankle/ P P foot and shoulder WMSDs (all <0.01); long time head turning was a risk factor for neck and shoulder WMSDs (both <0.05); P overweight and obesity, and bending and turning frequently at the same time were risk factors for ankle/foot WMSDs (all <0.05); P adequate rest time was a protective factor for neck and ankle/foot WMSDs (both <0.01); participated in physical exercise more P than once a week was a protective factor of neck and shoulder WMSDs in painters (all <0.05), after excluding the influence of Conclusion confounding factors. The prevalence of WMSDs in manufacturing painters was high, and the main body parts E mail 4813545@qq.com E mail wangzhongxu2003@163.com· · 中国职业医学 年 月第 卷第 期 ， ， ， 482 2022 10 49 5 Chin Occup Med October 2022 Vol.49 No.5 involved were neck, ankle/foot and shoulder. The influencing factors include individual factors, poor ergonomics factors and unreasonable work organization.

A arte no ensino da gerontologia: o envelhecimento na visão dos pintores renascentistas / Art in the teaching of gerontology: aging in view of renaissance painters

Ao usar a arte no ensino da gerontologia, foram pesquisadas obras de pintores renascentistas que abordassem a temática velhice e envelhecimento. Utilizou-se o enfoque qualitativo descritivo, realizando-se busca nas bases de dados Europeana, Britannica Academic, Scholarpedia, Yale Arts database, Web Gallery of Art e Art Source ­ Ebsco, e em livros de texto sobre arte. Foram utilizados os seguintes termos na pesquisa em português, francês e inglês: as três idades; as três idades na arte; as idades da vida; as idades na pintura; as idades do homem na pintura; a arte da velhice; alegoria do tempo; velhos na pintura renascentista; velhice na pintura renascentista. Encontraram-se cinco obras que destacavam os contrastes de beleza entre corpos jovens e idosos: A Velha (1505), de Giorgione; As Três Idades do Homem (1512), de Ticiano; As Três Idades do Homem (1515), de Dosso Dossi; Três Idades da Mulher e a Morte (1510) e As idades e a morte (1539), de Hans Baldung Grien. Estas figuras, em alguns casos, eram realçadas por pinceladas que tornaram mais evidente a diferença entre as idades do ser humano. Os pintores renascentistas reproduziam em suas obras a visão de que o envelhecimento era o último estágio da vida humana, portanto, época de decadência física e, muitas vezes, de solidão.(AU)

The present article researched works of Renaissance painters that approached the thematic of old age and aging. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, searching the databases Europeana, Britannica Academic, Scholarpedia, Yale Arts database, Web Gallery of Art and Art Source ­ Ebsco, as well as art textbooks. The following terms were used to search in the Portuguese, French and English languages: the three ages; the three ages in art; the ages of life; the ages in painting; the ages of man in painting; the art of old age; allegory of time; the older person in Renaissance painting; old age in Renaissance painting. There were five works that emphasized the contrasts of beauty between young and old bodies: The Old Woman (1505), by Giorgione; The Three Ages of Man (1512), by Titian; The Three Ages of Man (1515), by Dosso Dossi; Three Ages of the Woman and the Death (1510), and The Ages and the Death (1539), by Hans Baldung Grien. These figures, in some cases, were highlighted by brushstrokes that made the difference between the ages of the human being more evident. Renaissance painters reproduced in their works the view that aging was the last stage of human life, therefore, a time of physical decay and, often, loneliness. It was conclude that one way of teaching gerontology is by using art, when the gaze is not only observer, but see beyond, understanding what they are seeing.(AU)

Controlling Painters' Exposure to Volatile Organic Solvents in the Automotive Sector of Southern Colombia

BACKGROUND: Painters in the automotive sector are routinely exposed to volatile organic solvents, and the levels vary depending on the occupational health and safety controls enforced at the companies. This study investigates the levels of exposure to organic vapors and the existence of controls in the formal economy sector in southern Colombia. METHODS: This is an exploratory study of an observational and descriptive character. An analysis of solvents is conducted via the personal sampling of painters and the analysis of samples using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1501 method. The amount of solvents analyzed varied according to the budget allocated by the companies. The person in charge of the occupational safety and health management system was interviewed to learn about the exposure controls implemented at the companies. RESULTS: A medium exposure risk for toluene was found in one company. Another presented medium risk for carbon tetrachloride, xylene, ethylbenzene, and n-butanol. The others showed low risk of exposure and that the controls implemented were not sufficient or efficient. CONCLUSION: These results shed light on the working conditions of these tradespeople. The permissible limits established by Colombian regulations for the evaluated chemical contaminants were not exceeded. However, there were contaminants that exceeded the limits of action. The analysis of findings made it possible to propose improvements in occupational safety and health management systems to allow the optimization of working conditions for painters, prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases, and reduce costs to the country's health system.

Mortalidade por câncer entre pintores brasileiros das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil / Cancer mortality among Brazilian painters of the South and Southeast Region of Brazil

Resumo Como resultado de sua atividade profissional, pintores entram regularmente em contato com substâncias genotóxicas e carcinogênicas presentes em tintas, vernizes e massa corrida. Com isso, eles podem apresentar risco elevado para diversas doenças, dentre elas alguns cânceres. Este estudo teve por objetivo comparar a mortalidade por cânceres específicos entre pintores e a população geral nas regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil no período de 1996 a 2013. Os dados de morte por câncer foram obtidos por meio do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM), de acordo com a 10ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças (CID-10). Para determinar os riscos de morte por cânceres específicos, foi calculada a razão de chance de mortalidade (RCM), estratificada por faixa etária (25-44 anos e 45-64 anos) e por região. Pintores mais velhos da região Sul e Sudeste apresentaram maiores chances de morte para câncer de orofaringe (RCM=1,73; IC95%:1,51-1,98), hipofaringe (RCM=1,56; IC95%:1,20-2,03) e laringe (RCM=1,45; IC95%:1,32-1,61), quando comparados com a população geral. Esses resultados sugerem que pintores podem estar sob maior risco de adoecer e morrer por cânceres específicos como os do trato respiratório superior.

Abstract As a result of their professional activity, painters come in regular contact with significant amounts of genotoxic and carcinogenic substances and may have increased risk for various diseases, including some cancers. This study aimed to compare the mortality by specific cancers among painters and the general population from the South and Southeast regions of Brazil from 1996 to 2013. Data on cancer deaths were obtained from the Brazilian Mortality Information System, according to ICD-10. To determine the risk of death from specific cancers, we calculated the mortality odds ratio (MOR), stratified by age (25-44 years and 45-64 years) and region. Older painters of the South and Southeast regions had a higher chance to die by oropharyngeal (MOR=1.73; 95% CI 1.51 to 1.98), hypopharynx (MOR=1.56; 95% CI 1.20 -2.03) and larynx cancer (MOR=1.45; 95% CI 1.32 to 1.61) when compared to the general population. These results suggest that painters may be at greater risk of becoming ill and dying from specific cancers from the upper respiratory tract.

Blood lead level in painters and the influential factors / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To investigate the blood lead level (BLL) in painters and the inlfuential factors, and to provide the theory foundation for the prevention and control of lead poisoning in painters. Methods: A total of 535 painters from Sany Heavy Industry Company Limited and Xiangjiang Kansai Paint Corporation, who participated in the health examination during October 2012 and December 2012, were recruited and divided into a positive blood lead group and a negative blood lead group according to the level of blood lead. Questionnaires survey and physical/biochemical examinations were performed. Chi-square Test and multivariate logistic regression were used to estimate the factors that contributed to the elevated blood lead. Results: hTe results from 525 questionnaires and physical/ biochemical examination were collected. There were 55 workers (10.4%) whose BLL were 0.04 mg/L. The maximum value of BLLs was 0.35mg/L. hTe multivariate logistic regression showed that smoking (OR=2.424), smoking or eating in the workplace (OR=2.139), not washing hands before smoking or eating (OR=1.624), and the cycle of changing masks longer than two weeks (OR=2.158) were positively associated with BLL. Conclusion: Smoking, smoking or eating in the workplace, not washing hands before smoking or eating, and the cycle of changing masks longer than two weeks are risk factors for higher BLL.

Ocorrência de sintomas respiratórios em trabalhadores de oficinas de pintura automotiva na região do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Occurrence of respiratory symptoms in automotive shop workers from Vale de Rio dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul

Pintores, em geral, estão expostos a uma grande variedade de substâncias químicas que podem induzir doenças respiratórias. O objetivo deste estudo foi verifcar a ocorrência de sintomas respiratórios, assim como estimar parâmetros de função pulmonar, em trabalhadores de ofcinas automotivas na região do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 20 trabalhadores do gênero masculino, no qual os dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas e espirometria. Foi observado que 90% dos trabalhadores apresentaram sintomas respiratórios de vias aéreas superiores e 35% exibiram manifestações de vias aéreas inferiores. Asma brônquica ocupacional foi observada em 15% dos trabalhadores, e rinite alérgica e rinite ocupacional em 10%. A presença de problemas respiratórios pode estar associada ao uso reduzido de equipamentos de proteção individual.

Painters in general are exposed to a wide variety of hazardous substances and several of these chemicals may induce respiratory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of respiratory symptoms and lung function in automotive shop workers in the Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A cross sectional study was performed with 20 male workers, in which data were collected through interviews and spirometry. It was foundt hat 90% of workers had respiratory symptoms of upper airway and 35% had lower airway manifestations. Occupational asthma was observed in 15% of workers and occupational rhinitis and allergic rhinitis in 10%. The presence of respiratory problems may be associated with reduced use of personal protective equipment.

Dados sociodemográficos e condições de trabalho de pintores expostos a solventes em uma universidade pública da cidade do Rio de Janeiro / Sociodemographic data and working conditions of painters exposed to solvents at a public university in Rio de Janeiro

O artigo apresenta os dados sociodemográficos e as condições de trabalho de pintores de uma universidade pública da cidade do Rio de Janeiro expostos a solventes. O desenho de pesquisa utilizado foi estudo transversal. Foram avaliados 55 pintores, sendo os dados sociodemográficos e da história ocupacional coletados através do Bloco de Entrevista de Saúde do Trabalhador.A faixa etária mais freqüente foi de 41-50 anos de idade (38,18%) e a maioria dos pintores trabalhava na universidade há mais de 10 anos (70,91%). Quanto às condições de trabalho, 58,2% dos pintores informaram que nunca usavam equipamento de proteção individual; 52,73% desconheciam a existência da Comissão Interna de Prevenção de Acidentes de Trabalho; 92,73% realizavam algum tipo de movimento repetitivo; 60% deles possuíam outra fonte de renda (sendo a maioria como pintor autônomo) e 87,3% consideravam bom o relacionamento no trabalho. Vinte e cinco (45,45%) já exerciam atividade como pintores antes de trabalharem na universidade. O inventário do local de trabalho revelou que o ambiente e as condições de trabalho eram inadequados.

This article presents the sociodemographic profile and the working conditions of wall painters exposed to solvents at a public university in Rio de Janeiro. The survey design was cross-sectional study. Fifty-five wall painters were assessed and their demographic and occupational background data were collected through interviews (Bloco de Entrevista de Saúde do Trabalhador). The most frequent age group was of 41-50 years old (38.18%). Most of the painters had been working at the university for over 10 years (70.91%). As for their working conditions, 58.2% of the painters informed that they had never worn individualprotection equipment; 52.73% were unaware of the Work Accident Prevention Committee (Comissão Interna de Prevenção de Acidentes de Trabalho); 92.73% performed some kind of repetitive movement; 60% had another income source (most of them as free lancers); 87.3% ranked relationship at work as of good quality and 45.45% had already worked as wall painters before being hired at the university. Workplace inventory records have shown environmental and working conditions to be unsuitable.

A study on the Frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Peripheral Lymphocytes among Painters / 대한산업의학회지

The author studied the frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral Iymphocytes from 51 chromium exposed workers and 29 controls in order to examine the inductivity of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes of chromium exposed workers, from June 1989 to March 1990. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Mean frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes were 9.33+/-2.57 from chromium exposed workers and 7.59+/-0.81 from control, respectively, and the former was significantly higher than the latter (p<0.01) . 2. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by duration of employment from chromium exposed workers was increased in proportion to that, but there was no statistical significance. 3. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by chromium concentration in blood and urine of chromium exposed workers were not significantly increased. 4. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by levels of alcohol consumption in chromium exposed workers was inclined to increase in proportion to that. 5. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by number of cigarettes smoked was significantly increased in proportion to that in both chromium exposed workers and controls (p<0.05) . 6. In drinkers of chromium exposed workers, the frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes in smokers was higher than non-smokers, but there was no statistical significance.