A Case of Cranial Nerve Palsy as a Paraneoplastic Syndrome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer / 결핵및호흡기질환

Paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome is a group of assorted disorders resulting from damage to the nervous system in cancer, remote from primary site, and not related to metastasis, infection, or metabolic disorder associated with cancer. Patient with small cell lung cancer sometimes shows various neurological syndromes, but patient with non-small cell lung cancer rarely shows neurologic syndromes and few antineuronal antibodies have been found. Here, we report a case of 53-year-old male patient who developed ptosis and extraocular muscular limitation of left eye due to third and forth cranial nerve palsy in non-small cell lung cancer without brain metastasis. These neurologic symptoms improved after lobectomy without any other treatment immunotherapy.

Síndrome de moebius su explicación anatomómica y su relación en odontología / Moebius syndrome its anatomical explanation in dentistry

El síndrome de Moebius, es una enfermedad congénita, Este síndrome afortunadamente es muy infrecuente a nivel mundial y está caracterizado por el compromiso del VI (abducente) y VII (facial) pares craneales resultando en una parálisis facial congénita y un estrabismo convergente, como resultado de una parálisis del músculo recto externo del ojo. En otros casos como es el que se presenta en este trabajo, pueden estar también involucrados otros pares craneales que dificultan la deglución, masticación y fonación del paciente. Su etiología es multifactorial y no está bien definida. Su presentación clínica tan característica permite un diagnóstico precoz al momento de nacer y ocasiona angustia en los padres del lactante por imposibilidad de alimentarse. El tratamiento es además del quirúrgico orientado a la corrección de las alteraciones oculares y de la fisonomía facial, la educación de los músculos alternos para lograr las funciones inhibidas de deglución, masticación y fonación. El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo aportar información al odontólogo y demostrar la necesidad de incorporarlo dentro del equipo de tratantes de esta patología.

Moebius Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder distributed worldwide. This disorder affects the cranial nerves VI (abducens) and VII (facial), resulting in a congenital facial paralysis and a paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, causing a convergent strabismus. In some cases, like the one we are presenting here, other cranial nerves are also involved, affecting functions like deglutition, mastication and phonation. These cause impairment of the infant's feeding function and nutritional status, which represent the major concern for the parents and the main reason for seeking medical attention. The etiology of this syndrome is multifactorial and is not well understood. The clinical presentation is so pathognomonic that allows an early diagnosis at the time of birth. The current treatment, other than the surgical approach that tries to correct the ocular deficits and facial physiognomy (features), is the training of alternative muscles to improve the impaired function of deglutition, mastication and phonation. The objective of this review is to provide information to the dentist community and to demonstrate the need to incorporate them in the medical team treating this disorder.