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ObjectiveTo explore the association between social support， parent-child relationships， and depression， anxiety， and loneliness among adolescents， in order to provide a reference for improving mental health in youth. MethodsA total of 11，596 middle school students from two districts of Shanghai were investigated with the stratified random cluster sampling method. The Chinese version of Patient Health Questionnaire （PHQ-2-C）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder （GAD-7）， UCLA Loneliness Scale （ULS-6）， Perceived Social Support Scale and Parent-child Cohesion Questionnaire were used in the survey. Statistical inferences were made using t-test， ANOVA， and logistic regression analysis. ResultsGirls， non-graduates， students ranking in the top 25%， adolescents living with parents and with higher socioeconomic status had higher scores of social support and parent-child cohesion than boys， graduates， students ranking in the middle or in the bottom 25%， adolescents not living with parents and with lower socioeconomic status （P<0.05）. Adolescents' parent-child cohesion and social support were negatively correlated with all kinds of emotions. Parent-child cohesion was an associated factor of depression （OR=0.93， 95%CI：0.91‒0.94）， loneliness （OR=0.94， 95%CI：0.94‒0.95） and anxiety （ORmild=0.98， 95%CI： 0.98‒0.99； ORmoderate or severe=0.96， 95%CI： 0.95‒0.98）， but there were differences in the correlation between emotions and social support in different dimensions. ConclusionSocial support and parent-child relationship are significantly associated with depression， anxiety and loneliness in adolescent students. Paying more attention to youth with different characteristics， taking targeted measures to improve the level of social support and establishing a good family relationship are conducive to promoting the mental health of adolescents.
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Objective@#To investigate the gender difference of left-behind adolescents mental health in rural junior middle schools, and to explore possible moderating role of parent-child interaction.@*Methods@#Based on the data of China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) from 2014 to 2015, the self-reported parent-child interaction frequency and mental health of 3 470 eighth grade students lived in rural area were analyzed.@*Results@#Mental health scores were higher in left-behind boys (68.90±22.45) whose parents migration compared to left-behind girls (63.59±20.83)(t=3.02, P<0.01). The two-level mixed effect linear regression model showed that the negative impact of parental migration on the parentchild interaction and mental health of left behind girls was greater than that of left behind boys (B=-0.90, -4.02, P<0.05). The frequency of parent-child interaction moderated the gender difference of mental health of left behind adolescents (P<0.01). The above-mentioned gender differences decreased after adding the frequency of parent-child interaction (B=-3.65, P<0.1).@*Conclusion@#The negative impact of parental migration on mental health of left-behind girls in junior high school is stronger than boys. It is needed to take more care of the mental health and promote parent-child communication for left-behind girls.
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Essa Tese avalia a ocorrência do Transtorno do Luto Prolongado (TLP) e da depressão em indivíduos cujos filhos faleceram em decorrência do câncer infanto-juvenil, bem como os fatores que se associam a esses desfechos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, no qual foram incluídos pais e mães de filhos que tenham recebido tratamento no Hospital do Câncer I / INCA, com idade ao diagnóstico inferior a 19 anos, e que tenham falecido no mínimo seis meses antes da avaliação do presente estudo. Para a presente Tese foram avaliadas 93 pessoas (66 mulheres e 27 homens), e os dados da pesquisa originaram dois manuscritos. No manuscrito I, a ocorrência de TLP e depressão foi apresentada segundo características sociodemográficas, de arranjo familiar e relacionadas ao adoecimento e morte do filho. O TLP ocorreu em 17,2% dos respondentes, sendo mais frequente em indivíduos que não trabalham (34,5%) e nos que tinham cônjuge ou companheiro (23,9%). Os sintomas depressivos ocorreram em 32,3% dos participantes e foram mais frequentes em pessoas que perderam outro familiar próximo após o falecimento do filho (56,3%). Em ambos os desfechos não houve diferença significativa entre homens e mulheres. No manuscrito II, investigou-se o papel do apoio social, da religiosidade e do tempo em cuidados paliativos na chance de ocorrência de depressão e TLP. Piores índices na escala de Religiosidade Intrínseca mostraram-se associados positivamente à ocorrência de TLP (OR 1,23; 1,02 1,49). A maior percepção de Apoio Social, em todas as dimensões da escala, foi associada negativamente à ocorrência de sintomas depressivos (OR 0,97; 0,95 0,99). O tempo em cuidados paliativos não se mostrou associado a nenhum dos desfechos. Essa tese, sendo o primeiro estudo quantitativo sobre o tema no Brasil, contribui para o avanço no conhecimento sobre Transtorno do Luto Prolongado e depressão parental na população brasileira. Já que o luto carrega características culturais, é importante um maior conhecimento sobre fatores associados à ocorrência de TLP e depressão em diferentes contextos. Os resultados desse estudo poderão servir como fundamentação para a implementação de condutas de rastreio e acompanhamento da população de pais enlutados, possibilitando intervenções voltadas para aqueles fatores que eventualmente sejam modificáveis.
The current thesis assesses the occurrence of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) and depression in individuals whose children have died of childhood cancer, as well as the factors associated with these outcomes. This cross-sectional study included fathers and mothers of children who received treatment at the Cancer Hospital I / INCA, aged less than 19 years old at diagnosis, and who died at least six months before evaluation of the present study. For the present thesis, 93 people (66 women and 27 men) were evaluated, and the research data originated two manuscripts. In manuscript I, the occurrence of PGD and depression was presented according to sociodemographic characteristics, family structure and variables related to the child's illness and death. PGD occurred in 17.2% of respondents, being more frequent in individuals who do not work (34.5%) and in those who had a spouse or partner (23.9%). Depressive symptoms occurred in 32.3% of the participants and were more frequent in people who lost another close relative after the child's death (56.3%). In both outcomes, there was no significant difference between men and women. In manuscript II, the role of social support, religiosity and time in palliative care was investigated in the chance of occurrence of depression and PGD. Worse indices on the Intrinsic Religiosity scale were positively associated with the occurrence of PGD (OR 1.23; 1.02 - 1.49). The greater perception of Social Support, in all dimensions of the scale, was negatively associated with the occurrence of depressive symptoms (OR 0.97; 0.95 - 0.99). Time in palliative care was not associated with the outcomes. This thesis is the first quantitative study on this topic in Brazil and contributes to the advancement of knowledge about parental bereavement and depression in the Brazilian population. Since mourning carries cultural characteristics, it is important to have greater knowledge about factors associated with the occurrence of PGD and depression in different contexts. The results of this study may serve as a basis for the implementation of monitoring and screening procedures for the population of bereaved parents, enabling interventions aimed at these possible modifiable factors.
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Humans , Male , Female , Palliative Care , Parent-Child Relations , Bereavement , Depression , Psychological Distress , Neoplasms , ChildABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to understand the articulation of dialogues during the emerging adult's leaving home process including the problematization and tensions involved. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 middle-class young adults, aged 26 to 36, who still lived with their parents in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Several categories emerged from the content analysis, among which three are presented in this article: apprehension concerning the relational space, agreements and negotiations, and the perceptions of leaving the parental home. It was verified that leaving the parental home is a dynamic process negotiated between family members. It became evident that the gains and losses from living together for a long period of time are part of an ambivalent relational environment. The time necessary for the development of parent-children relationship cannot be determined chronologically since it is the time necessary for the subjects to understand themselves at a relational level.
Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender como se articulam os diálogos na saída de casa dos filhos adultos, desde a sua problematização até as tensões envolvidas. Realizou-se uma investigação baseada em entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez filhos adultos coabitantes com os pais, com idades entre 26 e 36 anos, cariocas de classe média. Da análise de conteúdo empreendida, emergiram diversas categorias, dentre as quais três são apresentadas neste estudo: apreensões sobre o espaço relacional, constituição de acordos e negociações e percepções sobre a saída da casa dos pais. Constatou-se que a saída da casa dos pais é um processo dinâmico, negociado entre os membros da família. Evidenciou-se que os ganhos e as perdas com a convivência prolongada fazem parte de um ambiente relacional ambivalente. Existe um tempo da relação pais-filhos não-cronológico, com a duração necessária para que os sujeitos possam compreender-se no âmbito relacional.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Emotions , Family Relations , Father-Child Relations , Stress, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Esta investigação teve por objetivo estudar as concepções de pais e de profissionais sobre a comunicação do diagnóstico da síndrome de Down nas maternidades, bem como avaliar o dispositivo de estimulação precoce. Foram entrevistados seis mães e um pai, e oito profissionais. Das cinco categorias que emergiram da análise do conteúdo das entrevistas, duas foram destacadas neste trabalho: o momento da notícia e a estimulação precoce. Verificou-se que os pais sentem-se pouco acolhidos nas maternidades e pouco incluídos nos procedimentos de estimulação dos filhos. Constatou-se ainda que os profissionais dos centros obstétricos, que comunicam aos pais o diagnóstico do filho, e os terapeutas que realizam a estimulação precoce do bebê, em geral, não consideram os aspectos relacionais entre os membros do conjunto pais-bebê-profissionais como parte do próprio trabalho. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta inovadora, com formas alternativas de atendimento que incluam os aspectos vinculares nesses dispositivos clínicos.
The goal of this investigation was to study the concepts of both parents and professionals regarding the communication of Down syndrome diagnosis in maternities, and to evaluate the early stimulation device. Six mothers, one father, and eight professionals were interviewed. From the five categories emerged in the content analysis of interviews, we emphasize two of them to present in this work: the communication moment and early stimulation. We noticed that parents feel poorly assisted in maternities, as well as poorly included in early stimulation procedures with their babies. In addition, we found out that professionals in birth centers - who communicate the diagnosis to parents - and therapists who conduct the baby's early stimulation do not generally consider the relational aspects among the members of the group parents-baby-professionals as part of their work. We present an innovative proposal of alternative forms of assistance that include the bonding aspects in clinical devices.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Down Syndrome , Early Intervention, Educational , Education, Special , Father-Child RelationsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was done to examine body satisfaction of children, self-rated health of children and parent-child attachment as perceived by children and their mothers in relation to children's health behavior and to identify factors affecting health behavior of children. Ultimately the purpose of this study was to provide basic data to develop health promotion programs for children. METHODS: Participants were 140 couples, 4th grade elementary school students and their mothers residing in Busan. Data collection was done during June 1 and July 31, 2010. The data were analyzed using paired t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression with PASW 18.0 program. RESULTS: Children and mothers rated body satisfaction of the child differently. Children's responses for body satisfaction of child and parent-child attachment were associated with health behavior of children. Self-rated health perceived by children was also a factor affecting health behavior, as were body satisfaction perceived by children and mothers' perception of body satisfaction of child in that order. These variables explained 18.2% of the total variances in health behavior of children. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that body satisfaction and self-rated health of children are important variables to target within intervention research and treatment programs for health promotion behavior of children at home and school.