Long-term Survival in Hospitalized Patients with Lung Cancer among Peasants in the Coal-producing Area in Eastern Yunnan, China / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Xuanwei and Fuyuan are rural counties, located in the late Permian coal poly area of eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou, where lung cancer mortality rates are among the highest in the China, with similarity for both men and women, younger age at diagnosis and death, and higher in rural areas than in urban areas. In this paper, long-term follow-up of lung cancer cases in local peasants was conducted to observe their survival prognosis and its influencing factors.@*METHODS@#Data of patients diagnosed with lung cancer from January 2005 to June 2011, who had lived in Xuanwei and Fuyuan counties for many years, were collected from 20 hospitals at the local provincial, municipal and county levels. To estimate survival outcomes, individuals were followed up until the end of 2021. The 5-year, 10-year and 15-year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival differences were examined with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.@*RESULTS@#A total of 3,017 cases were effectively followed up (2,537 peasants and 480 non-peasants). The median age at diagnosis was 57 years, and the median follow-up time was 122 months. During the follow-up period, 2,493 cases (82.6%) died. The distribution of cases by clinical stage was as follows: stage I (3.7%), stage II (6.7%), stage III (15.8%), stage IV (21.1%) and unknown stage (52.7%). Treatment at the provincial, municipal and county-level hospitals accounted for 32.5%, 22.2% and 45.3%, respectively, and surgical treatment was performed in 23.3% of cases. The median survival time was 15.4 months (95%CI: 13.9-16.1), and the 5-year, 10-year and 15-year overall survival rates were 19.5% (95%CI: 18.0%-21.1%), 7.7% (95%CI: 6.5%-8.8%) and 2.0% (95%CI: 0.8%-3.9%), respectively. Peasants with lung cancer had a lower median age at diagnosis, higher proportion residing in remote rural areas, and higher use of bituminous coal as a household fuel. They also have a lower proportion of early-stage cases, treatment at provincial or municipal hospitals, and surgical treatment, leading to poorer survival outcomes (HR=1.57). Even when considering factors such as gender, age, residential location, clinical stage at diagnosis, histological type, hospital level of service, and surgical intervention, peasants still exhibit a survival disadvantage. Multivariable Cox model analysis comparing peasants and non-peasants reveals that surgical intervention, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and hospital level of service are common factors influencing survival prognosis, while the use of bituminous coal as a household fuel, hospital level of service and adenocarcinoma (compared to squamous cell carcinoma) are independent prognostic factors for lung cancer survival among peasants.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The lower lung cancer survival rate among peasants is associated with their lower socioeconomic status, lower proportion of early-stage diagnoses, lower proportion of surgical interventions, and treatment at provincial-level hospitals. Furthermore, the impact of other factors such as high-risk exposure to bituminous coal pollution on survival prognosis requires further investigation.

Hacia una consulta previa campesina: elementos para el debate desde el régimen de certiflcación de semillas en Colombia / Toward a Peasantıs Prior Consultation: Elements for Debate from the Seed Certification Regime in Colombia

Resumen En Colombia se ha tratado imponer una restricción a los métodos tradicionales de resiembra, medida que atenta contra la soberanía alimentaria y los conocimientos tradicionales de pueblos indígenas y especialmente de las comunidades campesinas. A través de un ejercicio reflexivo y de un razonamiento inductivo es abordada esta problemática para proponer, a manera de resultado, unos lineamientos para lograr que a través de la consulta previa se involucren a los campesinos y se garanticen los derechos vulnerados.

Abstract: In Colombia, there has been an attempt to impose a restriction on traditional methods of replanting, a measure that undermines food sovereignty and the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples and especially peasant communities. Through a reflective exercise and inductive reasoning, this problem is addressed in order to propose, as a result, some guidelines to achieve the involvement of pea sants through prior consultation and to guarantee the violated rights.

Economía política de la política agraria en Colombia: de la Ley 200 de 1936 al Acuerdo de Paz de 2016 / Political economy of agricultural policy in Colombia: from Law 200 of 1936 to the 2016 Peace Agreement / Economia política da política agrícola na Colômbia: da Lei 200 de 1936 ao Acordo de Paz de 2016

RESUMEN En esta investigación se estudia la política agraria en Colombia y su relación con el conflicto entre campesinos y terratenientes, entorno a los activos productivos rurales. Se aborda la discusión sobre el acceso a la tierra y se examina cada uno de los planes nacionales de desarrollo, para elaborar una trazabilidad histórica de la política agraria en Colombia durante el periodo 1936-2016. El problema de investigación se deriva de la persistencia de la pobreza y marginación social de la población rural, identificada en la Misión Rural y reconocida en el Acuerdo de Paz de 2016. Se concluye que la configuración histórica del Estado fue incorporando los intereses de las estructuras de poder económico y político de cada momento. Cuando el Estado quiso resolver el conflicto por la tierra, la capacidad ejecutiva de las instituciones era limitada y tergiversada por los grupos de interés dominantes que tenían la ventaja de redactar las leyes y aplicarlas de acuerdo con sus preferencias. Por esta razón las condiciones socioeconómicas de los campesinos siguen siendo parecidas a las que tenían hace un siglo. CLASIFICACIÓN JEL P16, P26, O12, O13, O43

ABSTRACT This research studies agrarian policy in Colombia and its relationship with the conflict between peasants and landowners, around rural productive assets. The discussion on access to land is approached and each one of the national development plans is examined, to elaborate a historical traceability of the agrarian policy in Colombia during the period 1936-2016. The research problem stems from the persistence of poverty and social marginalization of the rural population, identified in the rural mission and recognized in the 2016 peace agreement. It is concluded that the historical configuration of the State was incorporating the interests of the economic and political power structures of each moment. When the State wanted to resolve the conflict over land, the executive capacity of the institutions was limited and distorted by the dominant interest groups who had the advantage of writing the laws and applying them according to their preferences. For this reason, the socioeconomic conditions of the peasants continue to be similar to those they had a century ago. JEL CLASSIFICATION P16, P26, O12, O13, O43

RESUMO Esta pesquisa estuda a política agrária na Colômbia e sua relação com o conflito entre camponeses e proprietários de terras em torno dos ativos produtivos rurais. Aborda-se a discussão sobre o acesso à terra e examina-se cada um dos planos nacionais de desenvolvimento, para elaborar uma rastreabilidade histórica da política agrária na Colômbia durante o período 1936-2016. O problema de pesquisa decorre da persistência da pobreza e marginalização social da população rural, identificada na Missão Rural e reconhecida no Acordo de Paz 2016. Conclui-se que a configuração histórica do Estado foi incorporando os interesses das estruturas do poder econômico e político de cada momento. Quando o Estado queria resolver o conflito de terras, a capacidade executiva das instituições era limitada e distorcida pelos grupos de interesse dominantes que tinham a vantagem de redigir as leis e aplicá-las de acordo com suas preferências. Por isso, as condições socioeconômicas dos camponeses continuam semelhantes às de um século atrás. CLASSIFICAÇÃO JEL P16, P26, O12, O13, O43

Caracterización Alimentaria nutricional de adolescentes de la comunidad campesina del Barrio Ybyraty de Paraguarí / Nutritional characterization of adolescents of the peasant community of the Ybyraty neighborhood of Paraguarí

La práctica de dietas y hábitos por parte de adolescentes en zonas campesinas se debe primeramente al limitado conocimiento del perfil alimentario de su entorno. El objetivo del estudio fue realizar la caracterización alimentario-nutricional de los adolescentes de la comunidad campesina del barrio Ybyraty del distrito de Escobar, Paraguarí en 2017. Fue un estudio descriptivo y transversal, el procedimiento de relevamiento de datos se llevó a cabo mediante una entrevista a profundidad a adolescentes campesinos, además se realizó toma de medidas antropométricas como: talla, peso, circunferencia de cintura e IMC. Se entrevistaron 114 adolescentes entre 12 y 19 años de edad, 57% era del sexo femenino. El 73% tuvo un IMC adecuado para su edad, 14% con riesgo de desnutrición, 7% desnutrición moderada y 6% presentó sobrepeso. El 80% tenía talla adecuada, 11% en riesgo de talla baja y 9% talla baja para la edad. En la tendencia de consumo: los participantes tenían acceso al agua potable siendo su bebida diaria más frecuente. Se destacó el consumo de leche, huevo, carne vacuna, gallina casera, cerdo, pescado, legumbres, plantas herbáceas como la batata, cucurbitáceas como el zapallo, verduras crudas y cocidas y frutas; estas últimas gracias a la producción agrícola familiar. A pesar de una buena disponibilidad de alimentos sanos existe malnutrición por desequilibrios en la ingesta de nutrientes encontrándose adolescentes de escasa estatura para la edad. Se recomienda el aumento del consumo diario de los alimentos menos consumidos que son las frutas, los tubérculos y hortalizas

The practice of diets and habits by adolescents in rural areas is primarily due to limited knowledge of the food profile of their environment. The objective of the study was to carry out the nutritional-food characterization of the adolescents of the rural community of the Ybyraty neighborhood of the district of Escobar, Paraguarí in 2017. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which the procedure of data collection was carried out through an in depth interview with rural adolescents. In addition, anthropometric measures such as: height, weight, waist circumference, were taken and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. One hundred and fourteen adolescents between 12 and 19 years of age were interviewed, 57% was female. Seventy-three percent had a BMI suitable for their age, 14% had risk of malnutrition, 7% moderate malnutrition, while 6% were overweight. Eighty percent proved to be the right size, 11% presented a risk of short stature and 9% had a short stature for age. In the consumption trend, it was found that the participants had access to drinking water which also was mentioned as the most frequent daily drink. The consumption of milk, eggs, beef, domestic hen, pork, fish, legumes, herbaceous plants such as sweet potatoes, cucurbits such as pumpkin, raw and cooked vegetables and fruits; the latter thanks to the family agricultural production. Despite a good availability of healthy foods there is malnutrition due to imbalances in the intake of nutrients, finding adolescents of short stature for their age. It is recommended to increase the daily consumption of the less consumed foods such as fruits, tubers and vegetables

Seguridad alimentaria en poblaciones indígenas y campesinas: una revisión sistemática / Food security in indigenous and peasant populations: a systematic review

Resumen La seguridad alimentaria y su vulnerabilidad en poblaciones indígenas y campesinas, se ha convertido en un tema de interés para la salud pública alrededor de todo el mundo, en asuntos como medición, clasificación y factores que la determinan. Esta revisión sistemática tiene como propósito describir la situación de la seguridad alimentaria en comunidades indígenas y campesinas, y los métodos empleados para su evaluación. La búsqueda de la literatura se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed (5), ScienceDirect (221) y Scopus (377), buscando publicaciones entre los años 2004 y 2015, con un total de 603 artículos arrojados por las rutas de búsqueda. Al final del proceso de tamización y sumados los artículos encontrados en la literatura gris se obtuvieron 25 artículos para escribir la revisión. En los 11 años evaluados, entre el 2004 y el 2015, la actividad científica alrededor del tema fue escasa con apenas un 4,54% de las publicaciones en este tema, pero para el año 2011 el porcentaje de publicaciones aumentó hasta un 13,63%. Se encontraron diversos factores que tienen influencia en el desarrollo de la inseguridad alimentaria, entre ellos está el cambio climático, la diversidad de la agricultura y la globalización y occidentalización del mercado.

Abstract Food security and the vulnerability among indigenous and peasant populations has become a topic of interest to public health all around the world, leading to the investigation about measurement, classification and factors that determine it. This systematic review aims to describe the situation of food security in indigenous and peasant communities, and the methods used for evaluation. The literature search was performed on the Pub Med (5), ScienceDirect (221) and Scopus (377) databases searching for publications between 2004 and 2015, a total of 603 items were located with the search engines. At the end of the screening process and after adding the items found in the gray literature, 25 papers were obtained to write the review. In the 11 years evaluated between 2004 and 2015, scientific activity around the theme was poor with just 4.54% of the publications on this subject, but for 2011 the percentage increased to 13 publications, 63%. Various factors that influence the development of food insecurity are climate change, the diversity of agriculture, globalization and market westernization.

Disyuntivas Ambientales y Políticas de los Campesinos Paperos del Páramo de Cortadera en Boyacá-Colombia / Environmental and Political Disjunctives of the Farmers Potato Producers from the Cortadera Moorland Located in Boyacá-Colombia / Disjuntivos Ambientais e Políticas dos Camponeses Paperos no Páramo de Cortadera em Boyacá-Colômbia / Dilemmes Environnementaux et Politiques des Paysans Producteurs des Pommes de Terre du Páramo de Cortadera en Boyacá-Colombie

Este artículo expone la posición política de una comunidad rural localizada en el páramo De Cortadera (Boyacá, Colombia), entendida en las explicaciones atribuidas a las prácticas relacionadas con el uso de los recursos naturales que les permite la configuración de parcelas donde realizan el trabajo agropecuario, especialmente cultivos de papa (solanum tuberosum) tipo Tuquerreña, con un mercado regional y nacional para mantener la producción. El estudio acude a la metodología etnográfica con la observación participante y la entrevista semiestructurada, para comprender las prácticas desarrolladas por los campesinos desde mitad del siglo XX, enmarcadas en un contexto sócio-histórico del cultivo de papa en la provincia Centro de Boyacá, en el marco de políticas que buscan la preservación a ecosistemas de alta montaña ecuatorial - páramo y ante la presión del libre mercado por crear condiciones de competitividad.

This article describes the political position of a rural community located in the Cortadera páramo (Boyacá, Colombia), understood in the explanations attributed to the practices related to the use of natural resources that allows the configuration of rural properties where they do the work agriculture, especially potato crops (solanum tuberosum) type Tuquerreña, with a regional and national market to maintain production. The study uses ethnographic methodology with participant observation and semi-structured interviews to understand the practices developed by peasants since the middle of the 20th century, in a sociohistorical context of potato cultivation in the central province of Boyacá, within the framework of policies that seek the preservation of equatorial high mountain ecosystems - páramo - and the pressure of the free market to create conditions of competitiveness.

Este artigo expõe a posição política de uma comunidade rural localizada no páramo De Cortadera (Boyacá, Colômbia), que se refere às explicações atribuídas às práticas relacionadas com o uso dos recursos naturais que lhes permite a configuração de lotes onde realizam o trabalho agropecuário, especialmente culturas de batata (solanum tuberosum) tipo Tuquerreña, com um mercado regional e nacional para manter a produção. O estudo é qualitativo e utiliza instrumentos etnográficos, como a observação participante e a entrevista semiestruturada, para compreender as práticas desenvolvidas pelos camponeses desde a metade do século XX. Estas são enquadradas em um contexto sócio-histórico da cultura da batata na província Centro de Boyacá e em políticas que visam a preservação de ecossistemas de alta montanha equatorial - páramo, frente à pressão do livre mercado para criar condições de competitividade.

Cet article présente la position politique d'une communauté rurale située dans le « Páramo de Cordera ¼ en Boyacá-Colombie, comprise dans les explications attribuées aux pratiques relatives à l'usage des ressources naturelles qui leur permette le structuration des parcelles où ils réalisent le travail agricole, surtout des cultures du pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum) du type « Tuquerreña ¼, avec un marché régional et national pour soutenir la production. L'étude fait appel à la méthodologie ethnographique avec l'observation participative et l'interview semi-structurée, pour comprendre les pratiques développées par les paysans depuis moitié du XXe siècle, encadrées dans un contexte socio-historique de la culture des pommes de terre dans la région du Centre de Boyacá, dans le cadre des politiques qui cherchent la protection aux écosystèmes de haute montagne équatoriale - lande et devant la pression de marché libre pour créer des conditions de concurrence.

Consecuencias scciales del cultivo de la coca e comunidades afroColombianas deel caquetá: análisis de la relación entre la economía ilícita, las prácticas campesinas tradicionales y su papel en la seguridad alimnttaria / Socia consequencces of the cultivation of coca in afroColombian communities in caquetá: analysis of the relationship among the illicit economy, the traditional farming practices, and their role in food security

El artículo expone los principales resultados de una investigación sobre las consecuencias que la adopción del cultivo de coca, las lógicas productivas de la economía ilícita, y las políticas antinarcóticos del estado Colombiano han significado para la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria de comunidades afrocolombianas en el departamento del Caquetá. El trabajo se sustentó en un extenso trabajo de campo realizado en la zona rural de la inspección de Rionegro, municipio de puerto Rico. En el texto se analiza el papel que juegan la historia regional, el contexto social y económico en las razones que permiten explicar el por qué de la presencia de la coca. Se da cuenta de las principales características de la modalidad de producción familiar que caracteriza la coca en la región y finalmente, y se exponen los impactos que la política antinarcóticos tiene sobre la seguridad alimentaria de las comunidades en la región de estudio. En aras de aportar elementos para el debate de las alternativas para el cultivo de la coca, el artículo demuestra cómo las practicas productivas en la región, tanto legales e ilegales, no pasan por la construcción de un proyecto de soberanía alimentaria y no llegan a satisfacer los puntos básicos de seguridad alimentaria.

This article presents the main results of an investigation into the consequences of the adoption of the cultivation of coca, the productive logic of the illicit economy, and anti-drug policies of the Colombian State have meant for the safety and food sovereignty of Afrocolombian communities in the State of Caquetá. The work was based on extensive field work carried out in the rural area of inspection of Rionegro, Municipality of Puerto Rico. The text examines the role played by the regional history, the social and economic context in the reasons that help to explain the reason for the presence of coca. It gives an account of the main features of the mode of family production that characterizes the coca in the region and finally, and it shows the impact that the counter-narcotics policy has on food security of the communities in the study area. In order to provide elements for the discussion of the alternatives to the cultivation of coca, the article shows how the production practices in the region, both legal and illegal, do not pass through the construction of a project of food sovereignty and fail to meet the basics of food safety.

Current fundraising for NRCMS and sustainable fundraising strategies / 中华医院管理杂志

Dynamic and sustainable fundraising strategies are the prerequisite for the long-term and stable development of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme(NRCMS).The paper analyzed the current situation and problems of NRCMS' fundraising,and proposed the principles for designing a sustainable financing strategy of NRCMS,and then its fundraising strategy.First,clarification of its fundraising sources and rational division of the sharing ratio of the funding bodies (individuals contributions account for 20％of the per capita fundraising) ; second,linking fundraising levels with net per capita net income(5 ％ ～ 6 ％) of peasants; third,expansion of the service scope and level coordinated within NRCM.

La pasividad campesina desde la perspectiva de los actores / The peasants' passivity seen from the point of view of the actors

Tradicionalmente, la pasividad y el fatalismo han sido asociados a la pobreza y al subdesarrollo. A la inversa, es usual escuchar a los campesinos pobres describirse como personas esforzadas y laboriosas. Así, dada la importancia del tema para diferentes teorías del desarrollo como el interés que éste despierta en los campesinos, en un trabajo realizado en la provincia de Formosa se abordaron las percepciones de campesinos y extensionistas rurales en torno a estas cuestiones. Se concluye que los campesinos tienden a describirse a sí mismos, ya sea como individuos o como grupo social, como esforzados y trabajadores, mientras que suelen representar a sus pares como haraganes, cuando se comparan con ellos. Por otra parte, también se observa que los extensionistas interpretan numerosas conductas campesinas en términos de desinterés y pasividad, a causa de las diferencias que existen entre la racionalidad campesina y la propia de los técnicos.

Traditionally, passivity and fatalism have been related to poverty and underdevelopment. Conversely, it is usual to listen to peasants describing themselves as hard-working and laborious people. Thus, given the importance of this issue for several development theories and for the peasants themselves, I conducted an investigation in the Argentinean province of Formosa in which the perceptions of the peasants and of the rural extension workers on these topics were addressed. I conclude that the peasants tend to describe themselves, when speaking as individuals or as part of the social group of peasants, as industrious people, while they tend to perceive their peers as loafers when compared to them. Additionally, it worth mentioning that rural extensionists understand many peasants' behaviors as being passive due to the differences that exist between the peasants' rationale and the technicians' one.

Las metas del milenio y los principios del comercio justo / The millennium goals and the principles of fair trade

El presente artículo presenta el resultado de una investigación que busca sistematizar y visibilizar la forma como los pequeños productores trabajan para el desarrollo humano, sostenible y el cumplimiento de las metas del Milenio en República Dominicana.

This paper presents the results of an investigation whose aim is to systematize and to make visible the way that small producers work for sustainable human development and goal attainment of the Millennium in the Dominican Republic.

Revisión de los trabajos realizados por la psicología sobre pequeños productores agropecuarios / Review of psychological papers on small farmers

Tradicionalmente, la psicología no ha puesto su foco en las poblaciones rurales sino en las urbanas. En consecuencia, las características y especificidades propias de los sujetos que habitan en ámbitos rurales, particularmente los campesinos, así como los procesos específicos que acontecen en tales contextos, no han recibido suficiente atención. De esta manera, buscando aportar al desarrollo de una psicología rural, el presente trabajo se ocupa de identificar, clasificar y organizar los aportes realizados por la psicología a estas cuestiones. Para hacer esto, se recuperaron y clasificaron los trabajos que abordan esta temática presentes en la base de resúmenes científicos PsycINFO de la American Psychological Association. Se concluye que la mayor parte de los trabajos realizados corresponden a las áreas 'Desarrollo y Prácticas Productivas', 'Salud y Salud Mental' y 'Psicología Social'. Igualmente, llama la atención la escasez de estudios en el área de la 'Psicología de la Educación'.

Traditionally, psychology has not set its focuss on rural populations but on urban ones. Consequently, the characteristics and specificities of the people living in rural areas, particularly in the case of peasants, as well as the specific processes that occur in such contexts, have not received enough attention. Thus, striving to contribute to the development of rural psychology, this article aims to identify, classify and organize the papers related to these issues. In order to do this, we recovered and classified the scientific abstracts that address the topic in the PsycINFO database of the American Psychological Association. We conclude that the most part of the papers related to psychology and small farmers fall into three categories: 'Development and Production Practices', 'Health and Mental Health' and 'Social Psychology'. Besides, it draws attention the paucity of papers on 'Psychology of Education.

Peasants as beneficiaries of the new rural cooperative medical system (NRCM) in Beijing / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To find out whether the benefits entitled to peasants have increased since NRCM is in place in Beijing, and to analyze the extent of such benefit increase if any. Methods The first is to calculate changes to the reimbursement ratio of hospitalization charges for the peasants covered by NRCM; the second is to calculate the role played by NRCM for alleviating the catastrophic health expenditure of peasants. Results The reimbursement ratio of hospitalization charges for peasants covered by NRCM rose from 32.4% in 2004 to 45.4% in 2007. Survey data from districts and counties in the sampling test indicate that NRCM has gained an ever growing power in alleviating the catastrophic expenditure of peasants. Conclusion Recent years have witnessed a marked growth in medical charges, peasants' income, and peasants' demand for medical services. Against such a background, NRCM can still sharply downsize their catastrophic health expenditure, and its role keeps intensifying. This proves that the fund raising speed of NRCM has greatly outpaced the growth of medical charges and peasants' demand for medical services, and NRCM is playing a more effective role in alleviating the peasants from poverty caused by diseases.

The application of artificial neural network in studying landless farmer's mental health problems / 中华流行病学杂志

To introduce a method of classification with high precision-the artificial neural network (ANN),and to compare the results using logistic method. Using data from 1070 landless peasants'mental health survey,the artificial neural network models and logistic regression model were built and compared on their advantages and disadvantages of the two models.The prediction accuracy for artificial neural network was 94.229% and for logistic regression it was 51.028%. ANN appeared to have had good ability on generalization. ANN displayed advantages when conditions of classical statistical techniques could not be met or the predictive effect appeared to be unsatisfactory. Hence, ANN would make a better facture of its application in medical researche.

Vinte anos do MST: a psicologia nesta história / The social issue of land as a challenge to psychology / Veinte años de lo movimiento de los trabajadores rurales sin tierra: la psicología en esta historia

O Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) completou vinte anos em 2004. Ao longo de sua existência vem despertando o interesse de pesquisadores de diversas áreas, principalmente da Educação e da Sociologia. No entanto, ainda existem poucos trabalhos na Psicologia sobre o MST. Mapear a produção científica geral sobre o MST e analisar a produção específica da Psicologia sobre esta temática é o que se propôs esta pesquisa. Com esse objetivo, foi realizada uma busca online no banco de teses da Capes, abrangendo o período de 1987 a 2004. Todos os resumos encontrados foram impressos e categorizados. Através dos resumos foram identificadas as teses e dissertações desenvolvidas em programas de pós-graduação em Psicologia, as quais, por sua vez, foram lidas em sua totalidade, buscando-se identificar as questões orientadoras, principais resultados e conclusões das pesquisas. Destaca-se a necessidade de estudos sobre a infância, desterritorialização e sofrimento psíquico e saúde mental no campo.

The Landless Peasants' Movement (MST) in Brazil commemorated twenty years in 2004. Throughout its lifetime, it has aroused the interest of researchers hailing from different areas, mainly from those involved in Education and Sociology. Few researches on the movement are extant within Psychology. The mapping of general scientific production on the Movement and an analysis of the specific production within Psychology are the objects of current research. An online search was undertaken at the CAPES data bank with regard to the 1987-2004. All abstracts were printed and classified. Whereas the abstracts revealed the theses and dissertations developed in postgraduate programs for Master's degree in Psychology, the dissertations were read to identify pre-oriented subject matter in the researches, their main results and their conclusions. The need for further studies concerning childhood, de-territorialization, psychic suffering and mental health conditions in the rural area is emphasized.

El movimiento de los Trabajadores Rurales Sin Tierra (MST) ha cumplido veinte años en 2004. A lo largo de su existencia viene despertando el interés de los investigadores de diversas áreas, principalmente, de la Educación y Sociología. Sin embargo, aun existen pocos trabajadores en la Psicología sobre el MST. Mapear la producción científica general sobre el MST y analizar la producción específica de la Psicología, sobre esta temática es lo que se ha propuesto con esta encuesta. Con ese objetivo ha sido realizada una búsqueda online en el banco de tesis de la CAPES, abarcando el período de 1987 a 2004. Todos los resúmenes encontrados fueron impresos y puesto en categorías. A través de los resúmenes fueron identificadas las tesis y disertaciones desarrolladas en Programas de Postgrado en Psicología que, por su vez, fueron leídas en su totalidad, buscando identificar las cuestiones orientadoras, principales resultados y conclusiones de las pesquisas. Se destaca la necesidad de estudios sobre la infancia, desterritorialización y sufrimiento psíquico y salud mental en el campo.

To Accelerate the Establishment and Perfection of Rural Medical Security Mechanism / 中国医学伦理学

China is a large agricultural country, with nearly 900 million people living in the countryside. The establishment and perfection of rural medical security mechanism is not only the need of developing socialist market economy, but also an important content of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is also the indispensable "safety net" and "stabilizer" of harmonious society. However, the extant rural medical security mechanism is still very imperfect. This is unfavorable to the improvement of peasant's health quality, harmonious development between the urban and rural areas, and prosperity and stability of the country. So we should take all kinds of measures to speed up the establishment and perfection of rural medical security mechanism.