Reconstruction of complicated through-and-through cheek defects with multiple-paddled anterolateral thigh flap / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the clinical outcomes of multiple-paddled anterolateral thigh flap in composite cheek through-and-through defect reconstruction.@*Methods@#From September, 2014 to Feburuary, 2016, 20 patients were performed complicated through-and-through defect reconstruction following oral cancer removal with free multiple-paddled anterolateral thigh flap including 12 cases of buccal mucosa carcinoma, 5 cases of basal cell carcinoma of buccal skin and 3 cases of gingiva carcinoma.The intraoral defects ranged from 6.0 cm×4.0 cm to 8.0 cm×5.0 cm. The cheek skin defects ranged from 6.0 cm×4.0 cm to 12.0 cm×10.0 cm and the flaps ranged from 6.0 cm×4.0 cm to 12.0 cm×10.0 cm in size.Multiple-paddled anterolateral thigh flap was divided into 3 types based on the anatomical variation, including: (1) lateral descending branch type; (2) descending branch + oblique branch type; (3) lateral and medial descending branch type; different methods were applied according to the different types.@*Results@#All the 20 flaps survived totally, including 13 cases of type 1, 5 cases of type 2, and 2 cases of type 3. In all of the 20 cases, the flaps survived well and the donor sites were closed directly.All wounds healed primarily. The follow-up period was 9 to 28 months (13.6 months on average). All patients were satisfied with their facial appearance. Mouth opening ranged from 3 to 5 cm. All patients had normal deglutition and normal oral competence and intelligible speech, although linear scar was left in the donor site. 6 patients received post-operative radiotherapy. 2 patients died of recurrence and all other patients were alive without disease.@*Conclusions@#The multiple-paddled anterolateral thigh flap is suitable for the through-and-through cheek defect reconstruction following oral cancer removal. Satisfying outcome can be achieved. This method is worthy of being popularized. Since the anatomical variation forms exist, flexible strategies for flap harvest and reconstruction are needed.

A shark attack treated in a tertiary care centre: Case report and review of the literature

Although uncommon, shark attacks can lead to devastating outcomes for victims. Surgeons also face unique challenges during operative management such as exsanguination, shock, specific injury patterns and infections. This case report presents the management of a 39-year-old previously healthy female attacked by a shark while on vacation in Mexico. The patient sustained severe injuries to her left arm and her left thigh. She was transferred to a Canadian institution after ambiguous operative management in Mexico and presented with no clear antibiotic coverage and a Volkman's contracture of the left upper extremity. In total, the patient underwent four washouts of wounds, two split-thickness skin grafts, one free anterolateral thigh flap, and one free transverse rectus abdominus myocutaneous flap for the reconstruction and salvage of the left lower extremity. This article highlights the specifics of this case and describes important points in managing these devastating injuries.

Repairment of skin defects of penetrating palm wound by application of free string-type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome of the feasible method of the free string type dor salis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap in the repairement of skin defects caused by penetrating wound of palm.Methods From May,2011 to January,2017,the anterior combined ankle flap of the ankle were used to repair skin defects of 16 cases who sutained penetrating wounds of palm.Results All 32 flaps in the 16 cases survived.Follow-up were done from 2 months to 2 years after operation.Bone healing was achieved in all cases.Two-point discrimination recovered to 6-8mm.Total active range of motion of the fingers reached 75 ％ of the normal side.Both appearance and texture of the flaps were good.Both the appearances of the repaired palms and the functional recovery were satisfactory.The function assessment of the hand was excellent in 8 cases,good in 5 cases,fine in 2 cases and poor in 1 case.The eligible rate was 81.25 ％.Conclusion The anatomy of the dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap is rare variant,which facilitate the dissection of the flaps during operation.The repairement of skin defects at two sides,both the palm and the back of hand,can be achieved via one operation.Therefore,the free string type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flaps offer an ideal procedure to repair skin defects secondary to penetrating wound of palm.

Vertebral Artery Dissect Injury with Brown-Sequard Syndrome by a Neural Foramen Penetrated Electric Screw Driver Bit : A Case Report

There are few reports in the literature of complete obstruction of the vertebral artery (VA) due to an electric screw driver bit penetration through the neural foramen into the spinal canal with Brown-Sequard syndrome (BSS). A 25-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with a penetrated neck injury by an electric screw driver bit after a struggle. The patient presented the clinical features of BSS. Computed tomography scan revealed that the electric screw driver bit penetrated through the right neural foramen at the level of C3-4, and it caused an injury to the right half of the spinal cord. Emergent angiography revealed VA dissection, which was managed by immediate coil embolization at both proximal and distal ends of the injury site. After occlusion of the VA, the electric screw driver bit was extracted under general anesthesia. Bleeding was minimal and controlled without difficulties. No postoperative complications, such as wound dehiscence, CSF leakage, or infection, were noted. Endovascular approaches for occlusion of vertebral artery lesions are safe and effective methods of treatment.

Manejo del traumatismo ocular a globo abierto / Management of the ocular open-globe injuries

Se realizó una revisión de las principales tendencias en el manejo de los traumatismos oculares a globo abierto según la clasificación internacional de Birmingham. Se mencionan los elementos que pueden influir en el pronóstico visual. Se enfatiza en los criterios diagnósticos, cuadro clínico y terapéutica clínico-quirúrgica a instaurar por el médico en el servicio de urgencias. Se presenta un algoritmo al efecto.

The main tendencies in the management of the ocular open-globe injuries, according to Birmingham’s international classification, were reviewed. Those aspects that might have an effect on the visual outcomes were stated. Emphasis was made on the diagnostic criteria, the clinical picture and the surgical and therapeutic treatments that a physician may resort to in the emergency room; for this purpose, an algorithm to manage this visual problem was submitted.

Penetrating Carotid Artery Injuries Treated by an Urgent Endovascular Stent Technique: Report of Two Cases / 전남의대학술지

Penetrating neck injuries are potentially dangerous and require emergent management because of the presence of vital structures in the neck. Penetrating vascular trauma to zone I and III of the neck is potentially life-threatening. An accurate diagnosis and adequate surgical intervention are critical to the successful outcome of penetrating trauma in the neck. We experienced some cases with externally penetrating injuries in neck zone II in which the patients were confirmed to have the presence of large vessel injuries in neck zones I and III. Here we report on the endovascular stent techniques used in two cases to address penetrating carotid artery injuries and review the literature.

Penetrating Carotid Artery Injuries Treated by an Urgent Endovascular Stent Technique: Report of Two Cases / 전남의대학술지

Penetrating neck injuries are potentially dangerous and require emergent management because of the presence of vital structures in the neck. Penetrating vascular trauma to zone I and III of the neck is potentially life-threatening. An accurate diagnosis and adequate surgical intervention are critical to the successful outcome of penetrating trauma in the neck. We experienced some cases with externally penetrating injuries in neck zone II in which the patients were confirmed to have the presence of large vessel injuries in neck zones I and III. Here we report on the endovascular stent techniques used in two cases to address penetrating carotid artery injuries and review the literature.

Resultados de la sutura primaria de colon en lesiones penetrantes de abdomen / Results of the colonic primary suture of penetrating abdominal lesions

INTRODUCCIÓN. La mortalidad por heridas de colon debidas a traumatismos penetrantes del abdomen ha disminuido, pero en algunos centros sanitarios se mantiene una controversia en relación con efectuar o no la sutura primaria de dichas heridas. En este trabajo se buscó presentar los resultados del uso de la sutura primaria de colon en heridas penetrantes de abdomen en pacientes atendidos por un grupo básico de trabajo de cirugía del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Joaquín Albarrán Domínguez (La Habana). METODOS. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de todos los pacientes con heridas penetrantes de abdomen y lesión de colon a los cuales se les realizó sutura primaria de colon, que fueron atendidos por nuestro grupo básico de trabajo entre enero de 2005 y mayo de 2008. Los criterios de exclusión comprendieron solamente el estado de choque hipovolémico, la demora de más de 6 h entre el momento de la lesión y la cirugía y la contaminación fecal grave. RESULTADOS. En el período citado fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente de urgencia 17 pacientes: 94 por ciento de ellos del sexo masculino, rango de edad de entre 16 y 43 años, el 76,4 por ciento de ellos con lesiones intraabdominales asociadas. El agente causal de la herida fue un arma blanca en el 100 por ciento de los casos. El colon izquierdo fue el sitio más afectado (53 por ciento). El 100 por ciento de los pacientes recibieron antibióticos, y los más empleados fueron las cefalosporinas de tercera generación asociadas siempre con metronidazol. Hubo 3 reintervenciones, ninguna por dehiscencia de suturas. No hubo muertes y la estadía promedio fue de 6,9 días. CONCLUSIONES. La sutura primaria de las heridas de colon producidas por arma blanca es segura, aun cuando éstas se localicen en el colon izquierdo y existan lesiones asociadas en otros órganos(AU)

INTRODUCTION. Mortality due to colon due to penetrating abdominal traumata has decreased but in some health centers there is a controversy related to primary stitch or not such wounds. In present paper authors showed the results of colonic primary suture in penetrating abdominal wounds in patients seen by a surgery working basic team from the Joaquín Albarrán Domínguez Clinical Surgical Hospital (La Habana). METHODS. A prospective study was performed in all patients presenting with abdominal penetrating wounds and colonic lesions who underwent colon primary suture seen by our working basic team between January, 2005 and May, 2008. The exclusion criteria included only the hypovolemic shock status, delay for more than 6 hours from the moment of lesion and surgery as well as the severe fecal contamination. RESULTS. During the above period 17 male patients aged 16 and 43 were operated on the 76,4 percent with associated intra-abdominal lesions. The causal agent of wound was a steel in the 100 percent of cases. Left colon was the more involved site (53 percent). The 100 percent of patients received antibiotics and the more used were third-generation cephalosporins associated always with the Metrodinazole. There were re-surgical interventions without dehiscence suture. No death occurred and man stay was of 6,9 days. CONCLUSIONS.The suture of colonic wounds produced by steel safe even though these be located in the left colon and there are lesions associated with other organs(AU)

Repairment of skin defects secondary to penetrating wound of palm with the application of free string-type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome of the feasible method of the free string type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap in the repairement of skin defects caused by penetrating wound of palm. Methods From May 2004 to July 2009, the free string-type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap were used to repair skin defects of 16 cases who sutained penetrating wounds of palm.Results All 32 flaps in the 16 cases were all survived. Follow-ups were done from 6 months to 2 years after operation. Both the appearances of the repaired palms and the functional recovery were satisfactory. The function assessment of the hand was excellent in 8 cases, good in 5 cases, fine in 2 cases and poor in 1 case.The eligible rate was 81.25%. Conclusion The anatomy of the dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap is rare variant, which facilitate the dissection of the flaps during operation. The repairement of skin defects at two sides, both the palm and the back of hand, can be achieved via one operation. Therefore, the free string type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flaps offer an ideal procedure to repair skin defects secondary to penetrating wound of palm.

Difference in Management Between Native Koreans and Foreigners with Penetrating Wounds In the Emergency Room

PURPOSE: With the increasing numbers of foreign residents in Korea, the need for an emergency medical care system for foreign patients seems to be growing. Sometimes, a foreigner admitted to an emergency room is not treated sufficiently due to the absence of insurance, facility in the Korean language, and a guardian. The management of a foreigner with trauma in the ER is difficult due to various problems such as social and economic status. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current management status of foreigners with penetrating wounds in the emergency room. METHODS: This study is an analysis of 580 patients that were diagnosed with penetrating wounds in one teaching Hospital from Jan. 1, 2008 to Dec. 31, 2008. We analyzed results according to nationality, alcohol ingestion, intentional or accidental trauma, trauma mechanism, injury severity, management time in the ER, and outcome in the ER. RESULTS: Of the total 580 patients, 486 patients (83.8%) were native Koreans and 94 patients (16.2%) were foreigners. According to the Revised Trauma Score, the average score of native Korean patients was 7.808, and the average score of foreign patients was 7.638. Of native Korean patients, 22.6% had knife wounds while 38.3% of foreign patients did. Of native Korean patients, 17.3% experienced intentional trauma while 33.0% of the foreign patients did. Of native Korean patients, 22.5% had ingested alcohol while 49.4% of the foreigners had. Of native Korean patients, 10.5% were admitted while 7.6% of the foreign patients were. Of native Korean patients, 14.2% were discharged against medical advice (DAMA), while 18.5% of foreign patients were. Of native Korean patients, 1.2% ran away while 8.7% of the foreign patients did. CONCLUSION: Stabbing was the most common cause of penetrating wounds in foreigner patients in this study. Intentional trauma was more common in foreigners with penetrating wounds than in native Koreans. The severity was higher in foreigners with penetrating wounds than it was in native Koreans, and patients who ran away or were discharged against medical advice were more commonly foreigners with penetrating wounds. Social insurance or policy is needed for the management of foreigners with penetrating wounds.

A Case of Arteriovenous Fistula between Common Carotid Artery and Internal Jugular Vein / 대한이비인후과학회지

Traumatic arteriovenous fistula between common carotid artery and internal jugular vein is extremely rare. Major cervical vascular injury may present as vigorous external bleeding, an expanding or stable cervical hematoma, or a hemispheric neurologic deficit. A rapidly expanding hematoma is immediate to the patient's airway and severe ongoing hemorrhage may lead to exanguination. The authors have experienced a case of traumatic pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula between common carotid artery and internal jugular vein. We treated this case successfully with exploration and vascular autograft, and so, we report it with a review of the literature.

Penetrating Zone II Neck Injuries

The management of penetrating injuries of zone II of the neck presents a difficult problem. The difficulties are due to the close anatomical relationships between the many vital structures in the neck and to the insidious nature in which some of the injuries may present themselves, for example, esophageal lacerations. If a significant injury is overlooked, the consequences may be dire with severe complication and mortality. Two management strategies have been developed for coping with these difficult injuries : (1) mandatory exploration of all injuries penetrating the platysma, and (2) a selective approach with neck exploration being performed based on clinical and investigative findings. The aim of this study was to review the clinical characteristics of and the various treatment protocols for II penetrating injuries of the neck. We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 38 patients who were admitted to and treated at Yongdong Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, due to penetraing injuries of the neck from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 1996. Twenty-three of the 38 patients (60.5%) underwent immediate operative exploration. In 13 of these patients, the exploration produced positive findings (56.5%), and in 10, the exploration produced negative findings (43.5%). Following neck exploration, 13 patients presenting acutely were found to have 21 injuries. The predominant injuries were vascular followed by neurologic and then respiratory. Eight of the 11 patients (73%) with positive clinical findings were found to have injuries at exploration, and 5 of the 12 patients (42%) with no clinical signs were found to have injuries (p=0.0432). Three of 4 patients (75%) with positive CT scan findings were found to have injuries at exploration and 4 of the 8 patients (50%) with no CT scan findings were found to have injuries (p=0.0455). The complication rate and the performance rate of CT scan were not statistically different between patients with a negative neck exploration and patients with conservative management. The duration of hospitalization was an average of 6.2 days for those patients with a negative neck exploration and 4.1 days for those patients with conservative management (p=0.0022). There was no mortality. In conclusion, it is possible, by careful physical examination and CT scan, it will be possible to reduce the rate of negative neck exploration without risk to those patients who need immediate surgery.