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1.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2021. 67 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1392378

ABSTRACT

Em indivíduos com diabetes mellitus (DM) o reparo tecidual cutâneo atrasado representa um desafio para o sistema de saúde. Evidências recentes mostram o potencial da fotobiomodulação (PBM, do inglês, photobiomodulation) em induzir a diferenciação de células-tronco em múltiplos tecidos. Os pericitos são células-tronco perivasculares com ampla plasticidade, podendo ser considerados alvos potenciais para a PBM durante o reparo tecidual. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito da PBM na modulação de células indiferenciadas em feridas de camundongos em condição sistêmica análoga ao DM tipo-II. Trata-se de um estudo in vivo (CEUA#62/2019) utilizando camundongos transgênicos diabéticos induzidos artificialmente e com marcação endógena para pericitos (NG2+/DsRed+; Nestina+/GFP+ & NG2+/DsRed+) e células mesenquimais indiferenciadas (Nestina+/GFP+). Foram realizadas bilateralmente feridas no dorso dos camundongos, e as mesmas foram submetidas ou não a PBM e avaliadas nos tempos experimentais 1, 3 e 7 dias. O reparo tecidual foi acompanhado por morfometria, avaliação de fluxo sanguíneo, análises histológicas nos tempos 1, 3 e 7 dias, além de identificação dos pericitos por microscopia confocal ao final de 3 e 7 dias. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. As análises morfométricas e histológicas mostraram maior efeito de reparo nas feridas submetidas a PBM, onde a média de área remanescente após 1 de PBM foi 73% da medida de área total inicial no grupo PBM e 86,21% no controle (p=0,0257); aos 3 dias, foram 66,98% e 87,49% respectivamente (p=0,026) e aos 7 dias, 25,54% no grupo PBM e 39,43% no controle (p<0,05). A perfusão sanguínea foi maior nas áreas das feridas quando comparadas a pele íntegra, no entanto, não foram observadas diferenças entre as feridas submetidas ou não a PBM. Por outro lado, foram observadas nestas (PBM), maiores quantidades de células mesenquimais indiferenciadas (Nestina+/GFP+) e de pericitos tipo-I (NG2+/DsRed+) após 7 dias. A utilização de PBM em processos de reparo tecidual em modelo diabético de feridas demostraram resultados significativos tanto clínicos com a nível celular, envolvendo em grande parte as células mesenquimais (nestina+/GFP+) e pericitos (NG2+/DsRed+). Conhecer os mecanismos celulares de ação da PBM em feridas de modelo diabético permite controlar esse processo, além de explorar essa técnica e abrir caminhos para investigação de outras ferramentas e protocolos úteis para o tratamento de feridas nestes indivíduos afetados.


In individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) delayed cutaneous tissue repair represents a challenge for the health system. Recent evidence shows the potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) to induce stem cell differentiation in multiple tissues. Pericytes, in turn, are perivascular stem cells with wide plasticity and can be considered potential targets for PBM during tissue repair. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of PBM in stem cell modulation in wounds of mice under systemic condition analogous to type-II DM. This is an in vivo study (Ethical protocol: CEUA#62/2019) using artificially induced transgenic diabetic mice with endogenous labeling for pericytes (NG2+/DsRed+; Nestin+/GFP+ & NG2+/DsRed+) and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (Nestin+/GFP+). Wounds on the mice's back were bilaterally performed, and then submitted or not to laser therapy and evaluated at experimental times 1, 3 and 7 days. Tissue repair was followed by periodic measurements of wound diameter, blood flow assessment, histological analysis and screening of pericytes by confocal microscopy at the end of each experimental time. The data obtained were submitted to statistical analysis. The histologic and morphometric analysis showed a greater repair effect in wounds submitted to PBM, where the average area remaining after 1 day of laser application was 73% of the initial total area measurement in the PBM group, and 86.21% in the control (p= 0.0257); at 3 days, they were 66.98% and 87.49% respectively (p= 0. 026), and at 7 days, 25.54% in the PBM group and 39.43% in the control (p<0.05). Blood perfusion was greater in wound areas when compared to intact skin, however, no statistical differences were observed between wounds submitted or not to PBM. On the other hand, larger amounts of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (Nestin+/GFP+) and type-I pericytes (NG2+/DsRed+) were observed in these wounds after 7 days. The use of PBM in tissue repair processes in a diabetic wound healing model showed significant clinical and cellular results, involving mostly mesenchymal cells (nestin+/GFP+) and pericytes (NG2+/DsRed+). Knowing the cellular mechanisms of action of PBM in wounds of diabetic, allows better management of the therapy, also it opens paths for the investigation of other tools and protocols useful for the treatment of wounds in DM individuals.


Subject(s)
Wound Healing , Pericytes , Diabetes Mellitus , Lasers
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 31(4): 1430-1438, Dec. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-702329

ABSTRACT

Las células perivasculares tienen un origen común en las células madre embrionarias y en los vasos sanguíneos que proporcionan un nicho para la mantención de su troncalidad. La expresión de marcadores embrionarios y de células indiferenciadas, como también la gran variedad de fenotipos celulares generados desde los pericitos, podrían ser explicados por la capacidad de estas células de ser inducidas a un estado "stemness" cuando son tratadas con factores adecuados. Nuestros resultados describen la expresión de células con OCT-4 citoplasmático en una ubicación anatómica perivascular donde de su nicho se encuentra en la región intima de la aorta en rata. In vitro las células aisladas por el método de explante que promueve el aislamiento de células migratorias desde los tejidos muestran un fenotipo con un citoplasma alargado y que expresan aSMA, PDGFRa y b, siendo estos dos últimos marcadores específicos de pericitos. En estas células se presenta una tranlocación a la variante nuclear de OCT-4 que ha sido descrito como el principal regulador de los procesos de autorrenovación y pluripotencia. La expresión de OCT-4 confirma y amplía aún más las observaciones obtenidas en nuestras investigaciones anteriores y demuestra que células madre se encuentran en los vasos sanguíneos en un microambiente que, probablemente, les permite que sobrevivan y permanezcan en reposo como un tipo de célula troncal quiescente.


Perivascular cells have a common origin from embryonic stem cells and blood vessels provide a niche for the maintenance of their stemness. Embryonic markers expression of undifferentiated cells, as well as, the wide variety of cellular phenotypes generated from pericytes, could be explained by the ability of these cells to be induced to a state of "stemness" when treated with appropriate factors. Our findings describe the expression of cells with cytoplasmic OCT-4 in perivascular anatomical location where their niche region is in the intima of the aorta in rats. In vitro isolated cells by explant method that promotes the isolation of migratory cells from tissues show an elongated cytoplasm phenotype, expressing aSMA, PDGFRa & b where the last two are specific markers of pericytes. These cells present a translocated nuclear variant of OCT-4 that has been described as the master regulator of self-renewal processes and pluripotency. The expression of OCT-4 further confirms and extends the observations obtained in our previous research and proves that stem cells found in the blood vessels in a microenvironment that probably allows them to survive and remain at rest as a type of quiescent stem cell.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Aorta/cytology , Pericytes , Stem Cell Niche , Transcription Factors , Translocation, Genetic , Cells, Cultured , Flow Cytometry , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 29(3): 769-781, Sept. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-608656

ABSTRACT

Las células madre mesenquimales son poblaciones multipotentes de células que tienen amplia capacidad de diferenciación, plasticidad y potencial inmunosupresor, lo que las hace una herramienta de gran importancia en las terapias basadas en células.En función de su potencial, se ha determinado que las células perivasculares poseen características de células madre de gran potencial clínico, no obstante, las propiedades biológicas que llevan a su diferenciación son menos comprendidas. Los últimos avances en la comprensión de la relación entre pericitos y las células madre mesenquimales plantean funciones específicas de tejido, así como, su potencial uso terapéutico en las isquemia, tales como, la cerebro-vascular y un mejor entendimiento de la vascularización patológica tumoral. A pesar de la creciente aceptación que las células perivasculares están relacionada o son células madre mesenquimales, existen escasas pruebas experimentales que muestren la diferenciación de pericitos en diferentes tipos de células (Feng et al., 2010). En esta revisión documentamos los fundamentos biológicos de los pericitos que respaldan su uso en terapia regenerativa.


Mesenchymal stem cells are a multipotent population of cells that have extensive capacity for differentiation, plasticity and immunosuppressive potential, making them an important tool in cell-based therapies. According to their potential, it has been determined that perivascular cells have stem cell characteristics of great clinical potential, however, the biological properties that lead to their differentiation are less understood. Recent advances in understanding the relationship between pericytes and mesenchymal stem cells pose tissue-specific functions, as well as their potential therapeutic use in ischemia, such as cerebro-vascular and a better understanding of the pathological tumor vascularization. Despite the growing acceptance that perivascular cells are related, or that they are mesenchymal stem cells, there is little experimental evidence to show the differentiation of pericytes in different cell types (Feng et al., 2010). In this review we document the biological basis of pericytes that support their use in regenerative therapy.


Subject(s)
Animals , Brain Neoplasms/therapy , Brain Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Pericytes/cytology , Pericytes/pathology , Pericytes/transplantation , Regenerative Medicine/methods
4.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 14(3): 34-36, jul.-sept. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531050

ABSTRACT

El Hemangiopericitoma es un tumor infrecuente del sistema nervioso central que simula ser un Meningioma en apariencia y sintomatología, pero que se comporta con gran agresividad presentando alta tendencia a la recidiva en resecciones quirúrgicas limitadas y a las metástasis dentro y fuera del sistema nervioso. Presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 28 años de edad con un Hemangiopericitoma frontal izquierdo adherido a la falx cerebral, con historia de cefalea intensa de un año de evolución, nauseas y vómitos de instauración progresiva, acompañado de trastornos de la personalidad y sin déficit neurológico focal, quien presenta en estudios imagenológicos LOE sugestivo de meningioma de la Falx cerebri y lóbulo frontal izquierdo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Headache/diagnosis , Gagging , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology , Personality Disorders/diagnosis , Vomiting/diagnosis , Hemangiopericytoma/diagnosis , Hemangiopericytoma/pathology , Meningioma/mortality , Papilledema/physiopathology
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