ABSTRACT
RESUMEN: El enfoque de la inclusión social y educativa cobra cada vez mayor relevancia en políticas dirigidas a personas en situación de discapacidad, especialmente cuando sus derechos demandan apoyos desde una perspectiva ecológica y multidimensional. De esta forma, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática ha sido analizar la investigación relacionada con programas de intervención socioeducativos para niños, jóvenes y adultos con discapacidad intelectual que han seguido métodos experimentales y/o cuasi experimentales. De acuerdo con los lineamientos de la Declaración PRISMA se han seleccionado 19 estudios utilizando bases de datos internacionales, durante el periodo 1995-2020. Los resultados muestran que la mayor cantidad de programas consideran en su muestra, niños y adolescentes (68%) y en menor porcentaje a jóvenes y adultos (31%). Por otro lado, el 52.6% no identifica diseño y tipo de muestra, y la medida más utilizada corresponde a pre y post test (78.9%). Se discuten hallazgos y conclusiones para la mejora de apoyos a las personas con discapacidad intelectual especialmente frente a la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19.
ABSTRACT: The approach to social and educational inclusion is becoming increasingly relevant in policies aimed at people with disabilities, especially when their rights demand support from an ecological and multidimensional perspective. Tus, the objective of this systematic review has been to analyze the investigations related to socio-educational intervention programs for children, youth and adults with intellectual disabilities that have followed experimental and/or quasi-experimental methods. In accordance with the PRISMA Declaration guidelines, 19 studies were selected using international databases, during the 1995-2020 period. The results show that the largest number of programs consider children and adolescents in their sample (68%) and, to a lesser extent, young people and adults (31%). However, 52.6% do not identify the design and type of sample, and the most used measure corresponds to the pre and post test (78.9%). Findings and conclusions are discussed in order to improve support for people with intellectual disabilities, especially in the face of the health crisis of COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO O trabalho é uma das dimensões que formam a nossa identidade. Diante disso, busco, neste artigo, compreender como as pessoas com deficiência intelectual percebem as suas relações sociais e a sua interação a partir de sua inclusão no mercado formal de trabalho. Para tanto, utilizo as técnicas de entrevista e de observação numa perspectiva etnometodológica com 14 trabalhadores com deficiência intelectual que estão há mais de quatro anos na mesma empresa. A partir da sua inclusão no mundo do trabalho, os resultados apontam um alargamento de seus pontos de contato e a percepção desses sujeitos é de que suas vidas mudaram para melhor.
ABSTRACT Work is one of the dimensions that form our identity. I investigate and try to understand how people with intellectual disabilities acknowledge their social interactions during the process of their inclusion in the world of work. For this purpose, I use interview and observation techniques from an ethnomethodological perspective, with 14 workers with intellectual disability that have been working for over four years in the same company. The results point towards an increase in their interactions during their inclusion in the world of work, and the perception of these subjects is that their lives have changed for the better.