ABSTRACT
Objective:To estimate the mental health status and personality traits of the nuclear radiation emergency rescuers, allowing to provide reference basis for improving their mental health.Methods:Totally 52 nuclear radiation emergency rescuers were selected as the subjects. The symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Cattell′s 16 personality factor scale (16PF) were used to assess their mental health status and personality traits. The results obtained from the survey of these rescuers were compared with those obtained using Students′ t-test, One-Way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:The average scores of multiple factors and positive items of the SCL-90 were significantly lower in the rescuers than in the norm ( t=-4.77 to -2.04, P<0.05), and the positive rate was 21.15%. The symptom checklist 90 subscales such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive and depression were found in the rescuers. Rescuers received high scores in the following components among the 16 factors of Cattell: less intelligent-more intelligent, emotionally stable. Rescuers also received low scores in the following components among the 16 factors of Cattell: tough-minded-tender-minded, trusting-suspicious. Life satisfaction, educational degree and Cattell′s 16 PF were significantly associated with the factors of SCL-90( r=-0.569 to 0.627, P<0.05). Conclusions:The rescuers are better than ordinary Chinese people in psychological health. Mental health-related factors such as literacy, life satisfaction, and personality traits should be taken into account when selecting team members and conducting psychological interventions.
ABSTRACT
La investigación tuvo como objetivo, determinar los rasgos y dimensiones de personalidad dominantes en estudiantes de diferentes carreras pertenecientes a la Universidad Nacional Chimborazo (UNACH). Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa descriptiva, el análisis de datos fue con el paquete de datos estadísticos SPSS versión 23IBM. El instrumento empleado para medir las variables fue el Cuestionario 16PF-5 de Cattell (1993), con el cual se obtuvieron los rasgos y dimensiones globales de personalidad. Para el análisis se prefirió la teoría de los rasgos de la personalidad, incorporando las dimensiones globales: neuroticismo, apertura, afabilidad, extroversión y rectitud. Dentro de los resultados del estudio, se desprende que existen ciertos rasgos dominantes en la muestra como son la inestabilidad emocional y el rasgo de despreocu-pado. En cuanto a las dimensiones, el principal hallazgo fue la ansiedad alta. Estos tres aspectos de la individualidad que se destacan en el estudio por sus características pueden influir en el desempeño integral de los estudiantes.
This research aimed to determine the dominant personality traits and dimensions in students of different schools belonging to the National University Chimborazo (UNACH). A descriptive quantitative methodology was used. The data analysis was carried out using the statistical program SPSS version 23IBM. The Questionnaire 16PF-5 of Cattell (1993) was the instrument applied to measure the variables in order to get the global personality traits and dimensions. The theory of personality traits was preferred for analysis, incorporating the global dimensions: neuroticism, openness, affability, extroversion and rectitude. The results showed that there were certain dominant features in the sample such as: emotional instability and carefree trait. The main finding was high anxiety talking about the dimensions. These three aspects of individuality that are highlighted in the study by their characteristics may influence the overall performance of students.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Personality , Personality Tests , Psychological Theory , Psychological Phenomena , Behavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesABSTRACT
Objective To understand the personality characteristics of excellent and generalnurses, extract personality characteristics from excellent nurses, and to establish Personality Characteristics Questionnaire and post personality model of nurses, and explore influencing factors of nurses personality characteristicsfor providing a theoretical reference in selection and training of nurses. Methods A total of 523 staff nurses from one class 3-A hospital general hospitalsin Shandong province were investigated with Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire(16PF). Results Excellent nurses possessed higher dominance, rule-consciousness, social boldness, shrewdness, perfectionism and lower apprehension than general nurses (t=-2.54-2.92, P<0.05), then six personality characteristics were extracted from excellent nurses to establish Personality Characteristics Questionnaire and post personality model of nurses; The difference was statistically significant in perfectionism with different age, work experience, and professional title in excellent of nurses (F=4.04-7.36, P < 0.05). Conclusions 16PF is suitable for evaluating personality characteristics of nurses, the personality characteristics questionnaire and post personality model can be used as selection criteria for new nurses.
ABSTRACT
To observe the differences in psychological status between Bell's palsy (BP) patients and healthy subjects,and to examine the relationship between psychological factors and the severity of BP,we conducted a case-control,multi-center clinical investigation.A total of 695 subjects were assigned to the case group (n=355) and the control group (n=340).House-Brackmann grading system and Facial Disability Index (FDI) were adopted to assess the BP patients; Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and 16 Personality Factor (16PF) scale were employed to evaluate the psychological distress and personality profiles of all subjects.Two independent samples t test was used to compare the differences between cases and controls,and to compare the differences among different BP patients.Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between psychological factors and severity of facial paralysis.The results showed that psychological distress (K1 0) in case group (27.09±5.80) was significantly higher than that in control group (13.43±3.02) (t-37.219,P0.000).The scores of personality factor Warmth (A),Openness to Change (Q1),Self-Reliance (Q2) were lower in cases than in the controls (P＜0.01,P＜0.05,P＜0.05,respectively),whereas the scores of Sensitivity (I),Vigilance (L),Apprehension (O),and Tension (Q4) were significantly higher in cases than in the controls (P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.01,P＜0.01,respectively).In addition,the psychological distress was significantly higher in female patients,severe (HB score Ⅳ-Ⅵ) patients,and subacute (onset time 72-168 h) patients compared with that in male patients,mild (HB score Ⅰ -Ⅲ) patients,and acute (onset time≤72 h) patients (P＜0.05).The scores of personality factor in female patients,severe patients,and subacute patients were also significantly different from male patients,mild patients,and acute patients (P＜0.05).The result of Pearson correlation analysis showed that psychological factors (K10,personality A,F,L,N,O,Q4) were closely related to HB scores.We are led to conclude that the psychological status between BP patients and healthy people are different; psychological distress and personality factors are closely associated with severity of facial paralysis.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To adapt the Body Shape Questionnaire for use in the Brazilian population; to study the internal validity and the dimensionality of the scale when used in a non- clinical Brazilian population. METHOD: A cross- sectional study was accomplished comprising 164 students in the first 3 years of the School of Medicine conveniently selected at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo. The 34- item Body Shape Questionnaire version and a questionnaire to assess demographic and anthropometric information were used. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the Body Shape Questionnaire measured by Cronbach's alpha was 0.97, indicating that the questions of the scale converge to the same construct. The factor analysis of the scale resulted in a four- dimension solution accounting for 66.4 percent of the total data variability. Regarding the final score of Body Shape Questionnaire, the mean score was 58.7 ± 25.1 for men and 89.7 ± 31.3 for women. DISCUSSION: We found statistically significant gender differences in the means of the Body Shape Questionnaire scores. Women showed higher dissatisfaction than did men as to their appearance as measured by the Body Shape Questionnaire. The adapted version of the scale seems to maintain the characteristics of the original scale.
OBJETIVO: Adaptar a escala Body Shape Questionnaire para uso no Brasil; estudar a validade interna e a dimensionalidade da escala quando usada em uma população não clínica brasileira. MÉTODO: Um estudo de corte transversal foi realizado envolvendo uma população selecionada por conveniência de 164 estudantes dos três primeiros anos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Foram usados a versão de 34 itens do Body Shape Questionnaire e um questionário adicional para informação demográfica e antropométrica. RESULTADOS: A consistência interna do Body Shape Questionnaire, medida através do alfa de Cronbach, foi de 0,97, o que indica que as questões da escala convergem para um mesmo construto. A análise fatorial da escala resultou em uma solução de quatro dimensões que responde por 66,4 por cento da variabilidade total dos dados. Em relação aos escores Body Shape Questionnaire, sua média foi de 58,7 ± 25,1 para os homens e 89,7 ± 31,3 para as mulheres. DISCUSSÃO: Encontramos uma diferença estatisticamente significante entre os gêneros na média dos escores do Body Shape Questionnaire. As alterações de imagem corporal, medidas pelo Body Shape Questionnaire, mostram uma grande insatisfação com a aparência em mulheres quando comparadas aos homens. A versão adaptada da escala parece manter as características da escala original.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Body Image , Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Students, Medical/psychology , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Psychometrics , Self Concept , Sex Factors , Translating , Translations , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of personality factor and defense mechanism and to compare the difference between non-offensive and offensive types of social phobia patients. METHODS: Study subjects consisted of 28 social phobia patients diagnosed with the criteria of DSM-IV. Data were collected through Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire and Ehwa Diagnostic Test of Defense Mechanism. We employed was the independent sample t-test for the analysis. RESULT: Among the personality factor, the shyness/boldness factor scored lower than normal in social phobia patients. Humor drfense scored lower than normal among defense mechanisms. There was no significant correlation between non-offensive and offensive types of social phobia in personality factors and defense mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: Social phobia patients were shier and less frequently used humor defense than the ordinary people. There was no significant correlation between non-offensive and offensive types of social phobia patients in personality factors and defense mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Humans , Defense Mechanisms , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Phobic Disorders , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of personality factor and defense mechanism and relationship with depression and social disability. METHODS: Study subjects consisted of 35 panic disorder patients diagnosed with the criteria of DSM-IV. Data were collected through Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, Ehwa Diagnostic Test of Defense Mechanism, Beck Depression Inventory and Sheehan Disability Scale. Statistics employed for the analyses were Pearson correlation and independent sample t-test. RESULTS: In personality factors and defense mechanisms, there were no definitely abnormal range of scores. But, among personality factors, tension/anxiety factor scored high and unstableness/stableness, shyness/boldness and praxernia/atunia were in low range of score. In defense mechanism, somaticzation and acting-out scored high and humor, suppression, altruism, avoidance and rationalization scored low. The mean BDI score was 18.25+/-9.97. The mean score of SDS were 4.88+/-3.11 in work category and 4.57+/-2.92 in social/leasure category. Male patients were significantly correlated with guit-proneness and atuia in personality factor and passive- aggressiveness, projection, denial and show-off in defense mechanism, compared with female patients (p<0.05). The patients' age was correlated with low intelligence in persolity factor and dissociation and anticipation in defense mechanism. It was negatively correlated with show-off (p<0.05). The BDI score was correlated with low intelligence, superego, unstableness, self-conflict, high superego and atunia in personality factor and dissociation and somatization in defense mechanism (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship between BDI score and SDS work category (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Panic disorder patients show high score of tension/anxiety factor and they frequently use neurotic defense style like somatization. The depressive symptom, which depends on symptom severity, appears to have influence on work category and to cause social disability.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Altruism , Defense Mechanisms , Denial, Psychological , Depression , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Intelligence , Panic Disorder , Panic , Surveys and Questionnaires , Rationalization , SuperegoABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of parental rearing attitude between incarcerated delinqent adolescents and adolescents attending school, in order to identifying the relationships between delinquent behavior and personality factors. METHODS: The subjects were composed of 94 incarcerated delinqent adolescents and 112 adolescents attending school. Subjects were required to complete self-report questionnare including PBI and 16 PF. RESULTS: In incarcerated delinqent adolescents, maternal care(MC) was significantly lower than in adolescents attending school and paternal overprotection(PO) was significantly higher than in adolescents attending school. Of the scores of 16 PF, incarcerated delinqent adolescents showed lower scores in intelligence(B), guilt-proneness(O), liberalism(Q1), self-control(Q3), tension(Q4), anxiety(ANX), superego(SUP) and creativity(CRE) than adolescents attending school. Of the correlation between the scores of PBI and 16PF in incarerated delinqent adolescents, each of superego(G), liberalism(Q1), and supergo(SUP) was negatively correlated with maternal overprotection. Liberalism(Q1) was negatively correlated with paternal overprotection. Stableness(C) was positively correlated with paternal care. Each of gulit-proneness(O), liberalism(Q1), self sufficiency(Q2), tension(Q4), and anxiety(ANX) was negatively correlated with paternal care. In adolescents attending school, groups classified by parental bonding pattern indicated that optimal bonding group(Group l) was correlated with more positive aspects of personality factors, and the affectionless control(Group lV) was correlated with more negative aspects of personality factors. In delinquent adolescents, however, results didn't match the above findings. CONCLUSION: The parent-child bonding patterns of incarcerated delinqent adolescents were related to multiple personality factors. In parental rearing of incarcerated delinqent adolescents, maternal care(MC) was lower and paternal overprotection(PO) was higher than in adolescents attending school. We suggest that personality factors of incarcerated delinqent adolescents are correlated with delinquent behaviors. However, early parent-child bonding patterns do not seem to be correlated with later personality development.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Dissociative Identity Disorder , Parents , Personality DevelopmentABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: It is very important to understand the personality characteristics of chronic insomniacs far diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice. The authors investigated the personality factors and the ways of coping to define the personality characteristics which underly the development of insomnia. METHODS: The authors used the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Sleep Disorders to diagnose chronic insomnia, and performed 16 Personality Factors(PF) test and the Ways of Coping Checklist to both chronic insomniacs and normal controls. The diagnosis of chronic insomnia included psychophysiologic insomnia, poor sleep hygiene, and hypnotics dependent insomnia. The subjects were 21 chronic insomniacs and 26 normal controls. RESULTS: The chronic insomniacs showed significantly lower stableness(C factor ; 4.57 +/-1.89 VS 7.38+/-1.83), intelligence(B factor ; 3.76+/-2.23 VS 6.54+/-1.96), motivation distorsion(B factor ; 3.76+/-2.23 VS 6.54+/-1.96) factor scores, and higher guilt-proneness(O factor ; 6.67+/-2.11 VS 3.81+/-1.65), tension and anxiety(Q4, factor ; 7.57+/-2.29 VS 3.46+/-1.88) factor scores than controls in 16 PF. The chronic insomniacs had significantly higher emotional-focused coping(30.30+/-9.53 VS 24.52+/-5.71) and passive coping pattern scores(50.75+/-13.76 VS 43.26+/-8.73) than controls in the Ways of Coping Checklist. CONCLUSION: The authors suggest that chronic insomniacs are characterized by depressive mood and anxiety-proneness from low ego strength, high levels of anxiety and guilty feelings, and passive and emotion-concentrated coping pattern. This traits are supposed to be factors contributing the state of emotional arousal and resultant physiological activation that has developed and maintained the insomnia.