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The tight relationships between microbiome and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)have been widely recognized. New technologies, results, and theories are emerging in the field of microbiomics in recent years with the advances in high-throughput sequencing and multi-omics technologies. Based on the previous research, the present study has proposed the concept of TCM microbiomics(TCMM), which is an interdisciplinary subject aiming at elucidating the functions and applications of microbiome in the areas of herb resources, herb processing, herb storage, and clinical effects by using modern technology of biology, ecology, and informatics. This subject essentially contains the structures, functions, interactions, molecular mechanisms, and application strategies of the microbiome associated with the quality, safety, and efficacy of TCM. Firstly, the development of the TCMM concept was summarized, with the profound understanding of TCMM on the complexity and entirety of microbiome being emphasized. Then, the research contents and applications of TCMM in promoting the sustainable development of herb resources, improving the standardization and diversification of herb fermentation, strengthening the safety of herb storage, and resolving the scientific connotation of theories and clinical efficacy of TCM are reviewed. Finally, the research strategies and methods of TCM microbiomics were elaborated from basic research, application research, and system research. TCMM is expected to promote the integrative development of TCM with frontier science and technology, thereby expanding the depth and scope of TCM study and facilitating TCM modernization.
Subject(s)
Ecology , Fermentation , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Research DesignABSTRACT
Aim To analyze the active ingredients of Chuanxiong, predict its target and signaling pathways in the treatment of tension-type headache, and clarify its therapeutic mechanism based on the principle of network pharmacology.Methods The effective active ingredients in Chuanxiong were retrieved from the Chinese herbal system pharmacology platform(TCMSP), and were performed by the ADME screen to collect the potential targets; the existing tension-type headache-related disease targets were collected through the GeneCards database.The targets corresponding to the active ingredients were intersected to obtain the common target as the key target.Cytoscape was used to construct and analyze the visual "drug-active ingredient-target-disease" network, and the String database was used to construct the PPI protein interaction network; through R language the GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment of common targets in the form of bubble graphs were analyzed.Lastly, molecular docking was used for preliminary verification.Results Finally 7 active ingredients, 105 compound targets and 2 139 tension-type headache-related target genes were obtained.There were 54 nodes in the protein interaction network.GO functional enrichment analysis yielded 215 entries, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis yielded 68 signaling pathways.Molecular docking showed that FA, Chuanxiong quinone, sitosterol, ligustalin had strong affinity with CASP3, MAPK1, MAPK14.Conclusions It is suggested that Chuanxiong may treat tension-type headaches through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytoprotective effects.
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The projects which supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) including General Program, Young Scientist Fund, and Fund for Less Developed Regions, in field of pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine in 2019 were reviewed. Based on these research items, the main contents and characteristics, as well as the main problems from academic and non-academic point of view, were summarized for reference.
Subject(s)
China , Financial Management , Foundations/economics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional/economics , Natural Science DisciplinesABSTRACT
Cultivating students' autonomic learning ability is an important research area . It is very important to build a reasonable evaluation system in the process of cultivating students' autonomic learning ability. Based on the autonomic learning content and teaching methods of pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine, this paper discusses the design and implementation strategies of pluralistic evaluation system including learning in the classroom, expands the learning out of the classroom, experimental operation and final examination, which emphasizes the combination of process evaluation and the participation of teachers and students. It is beneficial to stimulate students'self-learning motivation and improve their self-learning ability and learning effect.
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Cultivating students' autonomic learning ability is an important research area . It is very important to build a reasonable evaluation system in the process of cultivating students' autonomic learning ability. Based on the autonomic learning content and teaching methods of pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine, this paper discusses the design and implementation strategies of pluralistic evaluation system including learning in the classroom, expands the learning out of the classroom, experimental operation and final examination, which emphasizes the combination of process evaluation and the participation of teachers and students. It is beneficial to stimulate students'self-learning motivation and improve their self-learning ability and learning effect.
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Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins(SREBPs),as a major regulator of liposome in vivo,plays an important role in controlling liver lipid synthesis and inducing expression of genes involved in fatty acid,triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis.Part of the traditional Chinese medicine and its derivatives through the SREBP can be tar-get treatment of lipid metabolism related diseases.
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In recent years, network pharmacology has been developed rapidly, and especially, the concept of ″network target″ has brought a new era in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The integrity and systematicness emphasized in network pharmacology comply with the characteristics of holistic view and treatment in Chinese medicine. It can provide deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms of TCM theories, including the illustration on action mechanism of Chinese medicine, selection of pharmacodynamic materials and the combination principles of various Chinese herbs, etc. Therefore, this theory is more suitable for TCM academic characteristics and practical conditions. The key problem in network pharmacology is how to efficiently and quickly identify the interactions between large amounts of drugs and target proteins. As an efficient and high throughput way, drug-target prediction technology can reduce costs, quickly predict the component targets, and provide foundation for the application of TCM network pharmacology. In view of the large amount of compounds and target databases, different prediction methods and technologies have been developed, and used to predict the drug-target interactions. Many virtual screening technologies have been successfully applied to network pharmacology. Based on different prediction principles, drug-target prediction technology can be generally divided into four types： ligand-based prediction, receptor-based prediction, machine learning and combined prediction. In this paper, we are going to review the prediction methods of drug-target interactions and give acomprehensive elaboration of their application in network pharmacology of TCM, hoping to provide beneficial references for various Chinese medicine researchers.
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This paper discussed the different ways on the pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine teaching to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability, promoting independent learning through PBL teaching, enhancing students' ability to think independently and practical operation using heuristic teaching.Survey results showed this student-centered, teacher-led, student-teacher interaction style pharmacology teaching model could improve the quality of teaching of Pharmacology.
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Traditional Chinese medicine Nidus Vespae, also known as hive, is an important and commonly used animal drug. There are related records about its applications in ancient Chinese medicinal literature. It possesses the efficacy of dispelling the wind, relieving pain, counteracting toxic substances and killing insect, and is widely employed as single medicine or an ingredient of compound medicine. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive reference for further development and utilization of Nidus Vespae. Thus, we summarize its chemical constituents, clinical applications, and pharmacological mechanism of action.
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Objective To evaluate the anti-RSV activity of Qingfei Oral Liquid. Method With Ribavirin as the control,the antagonistic effect of Qingfei Oral Liquid and different administration methods on RSV infection were observed by MTT technology. Result Qingfei Oral Liquid had obvious effection of anti-RSV,showing no significant difference compared with Ribavirin. The action mechanism may be that Qingfei Oral Liquid has inhibition effects on adsorption or proliferating of RSV. Conclusion Qingfei Oral Liquid can antagonize RSV through different linkages. It is an effective compound preparation for treating RSV infection.