ABSTRACT
Background: Antibiotics are considered to be commonly used drugs in hospital setting due to higher prevalence of infectious diseases especially in India. So, the present study was conducted to assess the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to antibiotics and analyze for causality of adverse drug events reported.Methods: The present retrospective and observational, study was conducted in BPS GMC for women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana which is a 500 bedded government medical hospital situated in rural area between March 2016 to February 2019 (i.e., 3 years). Patients of either sex or age who developed ADRs by any route were included in the study.Results: 300 (38.65%) cases were reported due to antibiotics out of total 776 ADR cases. 3% cases were serious. Adults (65%) were found to be most commonly affected by ADRs. Among antibiotics, cephalosporins and penicillins (15.98%) were the major culprit to cause adverse events followed by nitroimidazoles (15.2%) and antitubercular drugs and fluoro quinolones (13.16%). The most affected organ system was skin (49.33%) followed by the gastrointestinal system (33%). As per WHO scale of causality assessment, 33.33% and 67.67% reported cases were found to probably and possibly related to adverse events respectively.Conclusions: Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs so its monitoring regarding ADRs may benefit the clinicians in early identification and management of ADRs so that quality of life of patient can be safeguarded at an earliest.
ABSTRACT
Background: The aim of the present study was to monitor the incidence and pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in cardiac care unit at Hakeem Abdul Hameed (HAH) Centenary Hospital. Methods: Study was conducted with the permission of Institutional Ethics Committee. Patients visiting medicine outpatient department, cardiac clinic, medical ward, and emergency departments over a period of 15 months were recruited. ADRs were recorded on the prescribed form. Causality assessment was done using Naranjo probability scale. 223 patients of hypertension and stable coronary artery disease were enrolled of which 48.9% were males and 51.1% females. The most common prescribed drugs were ace-inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blocker, and beta-blockers. Other prescribed drugs were calcium channel blockers, statins, nitrates, and antiplatelets. Results: A total of 44 ADRs were recorded. 26 ADRs were seen in females and 18 in males. Statins were the commonest drug associated with ADRs (29.5%) in our study. The most common organ system associated with ADRs in the present study was central nervous system followed by skin 15.9% each. The incidence of ADRs was about 20% of which 20% ADRs were probable, and 80% were possible. Maximum ADRs occurred in patients prescribed statins followed by beta-blockers and angiotensin receptor blockers. Conclusion: There is a need for conducting such studies in more and more patients to see the pattern of ADRs in cardiac patients. More information will help in reducing the ADR occurrence and making drug use more rational and safe for patients.