The study of skeletal muscle relaxant property of pheniramine maleate in acetylcholine induced contractions on isolated frog rectus muscle

Background: A muscle relaxant is a drug which affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasm, pain and hyperreflexia. Skeletal muscle relaxants are heterogeneous group of medications that refer to 2 major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics. This study is carried out to evaluate the skeletal muscle property of Pheniramine maleate in Acetylcholine Induced Contractions on Isolated Frog Rectus Muscle.Methods: There are various screening techniques available to assess the muscle relaxant property of a drug. For initial screening, frog rectus muscle is used. Here frogs are divided into 4 different groups. Each group contains 6 isolated frog rectus muscles. The experiment is carried out by adding 100?g, 200?g, 400?g and 800?g of pheniramine maleate with 80?g of acetylcholine to the organ bath and response is recorded by kymograph.Results: Pheniramine maleate in various doses like 100?g, 200?g, 400?g and 800?g with 80?g of acetylcholine 100?g showed the maximum contractions of frog rectus muscle in kymograph. At all the doses of Pheniramine maleate, it showed a significant effect of skeletal muscle relaxant property.Conclusions: In conclusion with work done by using pheniramine maleate in different doses along with 80?g of acetylcholine. Pheniramine maleate showed the maximum skeletal muscle relaxant property on frog rectus muscle at 800?g dose.

Maculopapular skin rash due to amoxicillin tri-hydrate hypersensitivity reaction: a case report.

Amoxicillin tri-hydrate (AMT) is a commonly used penicillin group of antibacterial agent to combat various bacterial infections. Penicillin group of drugs are known to cause cutaneous drug eruptions as a hypersensitivity reaction. Most of the time, these eruptions are mild in nature, however, sometimes they represent the early manifestation of rare and severe drug-induced cutaneous reactions, such as; Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Here, we report a case of maculopapular skin rash developed due to AMT hypersensitivity reaction in a 48-year-old Indian male patient. Pheniramine maleate, hydrocortisone and skin protecting lotion were prescribed to manage the situation. This case is being reported to emphasize the need for reporting of drug induced complications and their management procedures.

A Case of Pheniramine Maleate - Aggravated Chronic Urticaria / 대한피부과학회지

Pheniramine maleate(avil(R)) is a H1-antagonist that is derived from alkylamine. Skin reactions with parenteral administration of avil(R) are uncommon. A 29-year-old woman visited our department with a 3-year history of relapsing generalized multiple pruritic evanescent erythematous wheals after antihistamine and steroid injection. Intradermal skin test with Avil(R) was positive. We treated with 5 mg of mequitazine administration three times a day for 2 years.

An Experimental Study of the Effect of Histamine on the Rabbit Corpus Cavernosum Tissue / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Penile erection is controlled by adrenergic and nonadrenergic-noncholinergic (NANC) neurotransmission. There are many other substances involved in the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle contraction and relaxation. Among them. histamine is supposed to play an important role to the penile erection mechanisms in both human and animals, but the exact effect and mechanisms are not established. To investigate the effects of histamine on the corpus cavernosum tissue and the intracellular signal transduction mechanisms, we have studied on the rabbit corpus cavernosum using organ bath and the following results were obtained. 1. Corpus cavernosum tissue showed contraction in response to histamine in a dose-dependent manner( ED50 = 2.59 x 0.00001mol). 2. Pheniramine maleate ( 0.00001mol), a H1-receptor antagonist, abolished histamine-induced contraction, but cimetidine(0.00001mol), a H2-receptor antagonist, had no effect on histamine- induced contraction. 3. Histamine-induced contraction was abolished by W-7 (0.0001mol), a calmodulin antagonist, but not affected by staurosporine ( 0.0000001mol), a protein kinase C inhibitor. 4. In the precontracted tissue by phenylephrine histamine produced no relaxation, but pheniramine maleate produced significant relaxation in precontracted tissue It is concluded that in rabbit, histamine induced a dose-dependent contraction mediated by H1- receptors and calcium-calmodulin complex as an intracellular second messenger, but there were few H2-receptors in rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue. By the results of this study, it is supposed that histamine or pheniramine maleate could be used as a drug of intracavernosal injection therapy, but human tissue study, in vivo study and/or in vitro study under electrical stimulation must be preceded.

An Experimental Study of the Effect of Histamine on the Human Corpus Cavernosum Tissue / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Histamine is supposed to play an important role to the penile erection mechanisms. We reported that histamine induced a dose-dependent contraction in rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue but in human the exact effect and mechanisms are not established. To investigate the effects of histamine on the corpus cavernosum tissue and the intracellular signal transduction mechanisms, we have studied on the human corpus cavernosum using organ bath and the following results were obtained. 1. Histamine produced no contraction in human corpus cavernosum tissue. 2. In the precontracted tissue by phenylephrine histamine produced dose-dependent relaxation (ED50=2.70x0.00001mol). 3. Histamine-induced relaxation was not dependent on endothelium 4. Histamine-induced relaxation was not affected by administration of pheniramine maleate(0.00001mol), but abolished by cimetidine(0.00001 mol). 5. In the precontracted tissue by phenylephrine histamine produced no relaxation, but pheniramine maleate produced significant relaxation in precontracted tissue. 6. Histamine-induced relaxation was not affected by methylene blue(0.000 01mol), a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, but in a precontracted strip by phenylephrine.forskolin, an adenylate cyclase activator, produced dose-dependent relaxation (ED50=9.34x0.0000001mol). It is concluded that in human, histamine induced dose-dependent relaxation, independent from endothelium, mediated by H2-receptors and cAMP as an intracellular second messenger. The H1-receptors were supposed to be associated with contraction, but distributed in scanty density. By the results of this study, it is supposed that histamine or pheniramine maleate could be used as a drug of intracavernosal injection therapy, but in vivo study and/or in vitro study under electrical stimulation must be preceded.