ABSTRACT
Indicators are used to determine the equivalence point in acid � base titrations (neutralization titrations). They exhibit sharp color change with respect to change in pH. Popularly used indicators for neutralization titrations are synthetic chemicals. They are found to have hazardous effects in human body. The highly colored pigments obtained from plants are found to exhibit color changes with variation in pH. A study was done to check the indicator action of aqueous extract of flower pigments and compared with that of already existing synthetic indicators. Extraction was done using hot water and a definite volume of extract was added which gave accurate and reliable results for different types of neutralization titrations - strong base against strong acid, strong acid against a weak base, weak base against strong acid and weak acid against weak base. The work proved to be acceptable in introducing flower pigments as a suitable substitute to the synthetic indicators.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of massage combined with abdominal acupoint sticking therapy in the treatment of constipation after thoracolumbar fractures .Methods 50 thoracolumbar fracture patients with constipation were selected as the research subjects .According to the computer random grouping ,all patients were divided into two groups,25 cases in each group.The control group received phenolphthalein tablets .The observation group underwent abdominal acupoint massage and sticking therapy treatment .The two groups were treated for a course of 7 days.The clinical curative effect,defecation feeling,stool,defecation frequency and number of vector gas were compared between the two groups .Results After treatment,the proportions of defecation and carefree ,laborious and soft,dry in the observation group were 76.00%,24.00%,88.00%,12.00%,respectively,compared with the control group,there were statistically significant differences (χ2 =6.65,6.35,all P <0.01).The total improvement rate after treatment in the observation group was 96.00%,which was significantly higher than 72.00% in the control group (χ2 =5.36,P =0.02).After treatment for 48 hours and 72 hours,the frequency of defecation and the number of vector gas times in the observation group were higher than the control group (t =6.22,22.37,10.29,8.97,all P <0.05).Conclusion Abdominal acupoint massage combined with sticking therapy in the treatment of constipation after thoracolumbar fractures has significant clinical effect .
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Objective:To evaluate the capacity and level of melting point determination of chemical drugs in the laboratories par-ticipating in the proficiency testing. Methods:Two test samples were prepared, and the labs volunteered to participate in the proficien-cy testing program ( PTP) . The melting point determination was performed according to the general principle 0612 in part four of Chi-nese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition), and the results were analyzed by robust statistics and the determination proficiency of the laborato-ries were evaluated by Z-score. Results:The analysis showed that two test samples were homogeneous and stable, which met the re-quirements of the PTP. Totally 31 laboratories had satisfactory results, which accounted for 83. 8%. Conclusion:The majority of the participant laboratories can accurately determine the melting points of test samples, and the information is very helpful to the next profi-ciency testing program.
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Objective: To compare the different therapeutic effects of acupuncture and Phenolphthalein for constipation due to intestinal qi stagnation. Methods:A total of 50 patients with constipation due to intestinal qi stagnation were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group by the random digital table, 25 cases in each group. The patients in the acupuncture group were treated by puncturing Gongsun (SP 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Taichong (LR 3), Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Hegu (LI 4), Lieque (LU 7), and Tianshu (ST 25), once every day, and 7 d as one course, for continuous 3 courses; while the patients in the medication group were given Phenolphthalein, 7 d as one course, for continuous 3 courses. Compared the Cleveland clinic constipation score (CCS) between the two groups after one course, 3 courses and 3 months after the treatment, as well as the frequency of defecation within one week. Results:After one week of treatment, CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were significantly changed in both groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were improved more significantly in the patients of the medication group than in those of the acupuncture group (P<0.01). After 3 weeks of treatment, CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were significantly changed in both groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were improved more significant in the patients of the acupuncture group than in those of the medication group (P<0.05). Three months after the end of treatment, CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were significantly changed in both groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were improved more significantly in the patients of the acupuncture group than in those of the medication group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture and medication are effective in the treatment of constipation due to intestinal qi stagnation. Their short-term therapeutic effect is similar, but the long-term therapeutic effect is better in the acupuncture group than in the medication group.
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Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of Maren Soft Capsule (MSC) in the treatment of constipation induced by antipsychotic drugs. Methods: Totally 192 hospitalized psychiatric patients with constipation caused by antipsychotic drugs were randomly divided into three groups, there wer 64 cases in each group. The first group was treated with MSC, the second group was given Sennae Folium, and the third group was given Phenolphthalein Tablets. The exhaust, defecation time, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension were observed after the treatment. Results: The total effect rates of the three drugs were over 80%. There was no significant difference in the effect of three drugs (P > 0.05), but Sennae Folium and Phenolphthalein Tablets had different degrees of side effects such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. Occurrence of adverse reaction rate of MSC was significantly lower than that of Sennae Folium and Phenolphthalein Tablets (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The effect of MSC in the treatment of antipsychotic drugs-induced constipation is significant, and the incidence of adverse reactions is low.
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Synthetic indicators had perpetually been an alternative choice for all types of titration since long time. However price had always been a tangle. Therefore development of an indicator from natural source i.e. from the flower extracts had been the main aim of this present research work. The current work complies data regarding the comparison of Natural indicator and synthetic indicator and whether or not it may be substituted from Synthetic indicator.
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Objective:To determine phenolphthalein illegally added into diet health products by Raman spectroscopy. Methods:Raman spectroscopy was used to determine phenolphthalein added into diet health products. The diet health products were extracted by suitable solvents, and then the extracting solution was measured by Raman spectroscopy. Results: A calibration curve was built and the analysis was performed on the samples with phenolphthalein at different concentrations. The results were accordance with the real added amount. Conclusion:With simple sample preprocessing method, Raman spectroscopy can be used in the fast detection of phe-nolphthalein illegally added into diet health products. The method is fast and simple with low cost, and can provide both qualitative and quantitative results. The detection limit is 1% for phenolphthalein in diet health products.
ABSTRACT
Indicators help to determine the equivalence point in acid – base titrations (neutralization titrations). They show sharp color change with respect to change in pH. Commonly used indicators for neutralization titrations are synthetic in nature. They are found to posses hazardous effects in human body. The highly colored pigments obtained from plants are found to exhibit color changes with variation of pH. A study has been done to investigate the indicator activity of aqueous extract of flower pigments and compared with that of already existing synthetic indicators. Pigments were extracted using hot water and a definite volume was added which gave accurate and reliable results for all the four different types of neutralization titrations - strong acid against strong base, strong acid against a weak base, weak acid against strong base and weak acid against weak base. The work proved to be acceptable in introduc-ing flower pigments as a substitute to the synthetic acid-base indicators.
ABSTRACT
Indicators help to determine the equivalence point in acid – base titrations (neutralization titrations). They show sharp color change with respect to change in pH. Commonly used indicators for neutralization titrations are synthetic in nature. They are found to posses hazardous effects in human body. The highly colored pigments obtained from plants are found to exhibit color changes with variation of pH. A study has been done to investigate the indicator activity of aqueous extract of flower pigments and compared with that of already existing synthetic indicators. Pigments were extracted using hot water and a definite volume was added which gave accurate and reliable results for all the four different types of neutralization titrations - strong acid against strong base, strong acid against a weak base, weak acid against strong base and weak acid against weak base. The work proved to be acceptable in introduc-ing flower pigments as a substitute to the synthetic acid-base indicators.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Hep-A and He p-B on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced breakdown of blood-r etinal barrier. Methods The mice were subcutaneously injected vehicle, Hep-A or Hep-B 10 mg/kg twice a day for 5 days. Then, 1 ?l of 10 -6 mol/L VEGF were intravitreous injected. After 6 hours, 13.7?10 4 Bq /g 3H-mannital were injected intraperitoneally. The mice were sacrificed and the retinas, lungs, kidneys were removed and examined for radioactivity. The result were analyzed using SPSS software to calculate and compare retina/lung and et ina/kidney leakage ratio among groups of different treatment. Result The retina/lung and retina/kidney leakage ratio were 0.38?0.04 an d 0.21?0.03 respectively in normal mice; increased significantly to 1.05?0.11 and 0.46?0.04 respectively in model mice, both P