Caracterización del fotoenvejecimiento en consulta de Dermatología

Introducción: El fotoenvejecimiento es una entidad creciente en la consulta de Dermatología, y su comportamiento aparece en edades tempranas de la vida. Esto trae como consecuencia el surgimiento del cáncer cutáneo de forma precoz. Esta afección resulta de la combinación de los efectos del envejecimiento biológico y las consecuencias a largo plazo de la exposición a la radiación ultravioleta, fenómeno que afecta las zonas de la piel expuestas con numerosos cambios morfofisiológicos. Objetivo: Caracterizar el fotoenvejecimiento en pacientes asistidos en consulta de Dermatología. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo en consulta de Dermatología. El universo quedó constituido por 35 pacientes con diagnóstico de fotoenvejecimiento. Se recolectaron las variables en un modelo para este fin. Los resultados se procesaron en tablas para el análisis y discusión de los mismos. Resultados: La mayor frecuencia estuvo entre los 20-30 años y 31-40, con un 37,14 %. El sexo femenino presentó el 91,43 %. Se mostró prevalencia del fotoenvejecimiento grado II, con un 62,86 %, y fotoexposición todo el año, con un 68,57 %. El 74,28 % de los casos fueron trabajadores. Los pacientes con fototipo grados II y III con fotoenvejecimiento grado II, fueron los de mayor porcentaje, con 61,5 % y 56,2 % respectivamente. El 77,3 % tuvo entre 11 y 20 lesiones, y el melasma fue la de mayor incidencia, con 61,54 %. Conclusiones: Las féminas de edad media con fototipo grado III, fotoenvejecimiento grado II, y fotoexpuestas todo el año, mostraron un promedio entre 11 y 20 lesiones, siendo el melasma la más identificada.

Introduction: Photoaging is a growing entity in the Dermatology consultation, and its behavior appears in early ages of life. This results in the onset of precocious skin cancer. This affection results from the combination of the effects of biological aging and the long-term consequences of exposure to ultraviolet radiation, a phenomenon that affects exposed skin areas with numerous morphophysiological changes. Objective: To characterize photoaging in patients treated in Dermatology consultation. Materials and methods: A descriptive, prospective study was carried out in a Dermatology consultation. The universe consisted of 35 patients with diagnosis of photoaging. The variables were collected in a form for this purpose. The results were processed in tables, for their analysis and discussion. Results: The highest frequency was between 20-30 and 31-40 years, with 37.14%. Female sex accounted for 91.43%. It was shown the prevalence of grade II photoaging, with 62.86%, and photo-exposure throughout the year, with 68.75%. 74.28% of cases were workers. The patients with grade II and III phototypes, with grade II photoaging, were the ones with highest percentage, with 61.5% and 56.2% respectively. 77.3% had between 11 and 20 lesions, and melasma had the highest incidence, with 61.54%. Conclusions: Middle-aged women, with grade III photo-type, grade II photoaging, and photoexposure throughout the year, showed an average of between 11 to 20 lesions, melasma being the most identified.

Factores asociados a dermatoporosis en una muestra de pacientes geriátricos en México / Factors associated with dermatoporosis in a sample of geriatric patients in Mexico

Resumen Introducción: La dermatoporosis es un síndrome crónico de fragilidad cutánea, caracterizado por atrofia, púrpura y pseudocicatrices en piel. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a dermatoporosis en una muestra de sujetos ≥ 60 años. Métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo y analítico de sujetos ≥ 60 años a quienes se realizó historia clínica, exploración física y aplicación de un autocuestionario diagnóstico de dermatoporosis. Para determinar los factores asociados se realizó análisis de regresión logística multivariado. Resultados: En 315 sujetos, la prevalencia de dermatoporosis fue de 29 %; 70 % fue del sexo femenino. Los factores asociados fueron edad > 75 años (p = 0.001), exposición solar prolongada (p = 0.002), ingesta de anticoagulantes/antiplaquetarios (p = 0.004), esteroides orales (p = 0.03) y enfermedad renal crónica (p = 0.03); así como, edad materna > 40 años en el último parto (p = 0.02), lactancia > 7 meses por embarazo y lactancia acumulada > 18 meses (p = 0.01). Se relacionaron con su ausencia, edad < 20 años en el primer embarazo y menopausia después de los 45 años. La correlación entre la autovaloración y el diagnóstico clínico fue muy alta (0.95, p < 0.001). Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgo asociados a dermatoporosis fueron similares a los previamente reportados.

Abstract Introduction: Dermatoporosis is a chronic cutaneous fragility syndrome, characterized by skin atrophy, purpura and pseudo-cicatrices. Objective: To determine factors associated with dermatoporosis in a sample of subjects aged ≥ 60 years. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study of subjects aged ≥ 60 years who underwent history taking, physical examination and application of a self-administered dermatoporosis diagnostic questionnaire. To determine the associated factors, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Results: In 315 evaluated subjects, the prevalence of dermatoporosis was 29%; 70% were females. Associated risk factors were age > 75 years (p = 0.001), prolonged sun exposure (p = 0.002), use of anticoagulants/antiplatelet medications (p = 0.004), oral steroids (p = 0.03) and chronic kidney disease (p = 0.03); as well maternal age > 40 years at last pregnancy (p = 0.02), breastfeeding for > 7 months per pregnancy and > 18 cumulative months (p = 0.01). Age < 20 years at first pregnancy and menopause after 45 years were related to dermatoporosis absence. The correlation between self-assessment and clinical diagnosis was considerably high (0.95, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The risk factors associated with dermatoporosis were similar to those previously reported.

Effect of microneedle radiofrequency combined with supramolecular salicylic acid on facial photoaging / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of microneedle radiofrequency combined with supramolecular salicylic acid in improving facial photoaging.Methods:Thirty patients treated for facial photoaging were randomly divided into the combined treatment group and the microneedle radiofrequency group. All patients were female, aged between 30 and 50 years, with an average age of (39.4±4.1) years. The combined treatment group was treated with microneedle radiofrequency combined with supramolecular salicylic acid, and the Microneedle radiofrequency group was treated with microneedle radiofrequency alone. The patients were followed up 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days and 3 months after treatment. The results of VISIA, skin physiology and patients' satisfaction were used to compare the two groups of patients after treatment.Results:After 3 months of treatment, the skin pores (11.98±2.14 vs. 15.54±1.52), brown spots (12.40±1.85 vs. 15.84±1.42), ultraviolet spots (6.74±0.87 vs. 11.20±1.70), skin physiological status (transepidermal water loss): 11.84±1.80 vs 13.09±1.96 g/(h·m) 2, stratum corneum water content: 84.91±2.86 % vs 80.29±3.58 %, melanin index: 110.07±15.02 vs. 122.30±9.97, erythema index: 220.43±19.69 vs. 236.30±16.55), elasticity (75.98±3.94 vs. 69.89±3.58), epidermal thickness (1401.33±178.43 vs. 1217.13±139.77), skin color improvement (effective rate 86.7% vs. 40.0%) and patients' satisfaction (total satisfaction was 93.3% vs 67.0%) in the combined treatment group were significantly superior than those in the microneedle radiofrequency group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The reaction of moderate and severe erythema (the incidence rate 40.0% vs. 86.7%) and edema (the incidence rate 26.7% vs. 80.0%) in the combined treatment group was also significantly lower than that in the microneedle radiofrequency group ( P<0.05). No adverse pigmentation was reported in both groups after treatment. Conclusions:The combination of microneedle radiofrequency and supramolecular salicylic acid in the treatment of facial photoaging has definite clinical effect and high safety, which is worthy of clinical application.

Rejuvenecimiento facial con plasma rico en plaquetas autólogo / Facial rejuvenation with autologous platelet rich plasma

Introducción: La creciente necesidad de una piel de aspecto juvenil impulsa innovaciones continuas con procedimientos mínimamente invasivos. El plasma rico en plaquetas autólogo representa una terapéutica regenerativa incluida en el novedoso arsenal de intervenciones que buscan este efecto. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de la terapéutica con plasma rico en plaquetas autólogo en pacientes con envejecimiento facial. Métodos: La muestra estuvo constituida por 68 pacientes valorados con la escala para valoración clínica de fotoenvejecimiento cutáneo al inicio del tratamiento. Se sometieron a cuatro sesiones de plasma rico en plaquetas cada 15 días y una sesión adicional a los 3 meses de concluir el tratamiento inicial. Los pacientes fueron seguidos durante 6 meses al cabo de los cuales se volvieron a evaluar con el mismo instrumento. Resultados: Las edades estuvieron comprendidas entre 21 y 73 años con una media de 46,80 años, predominó el sexo femenino (89,9 %). Los resultados significativos en el tratamiento de las arrugas, los surcos, la textura de la piel y las lesiones cutáneas estuvieron relacionados con la mesoterapia con plasma rico en plaquetas. El procedimiento produjo una mejoría valorada a través de la escala para valoración clínica de fotoenvejecimiento cutáneo. Conclusiones: La terapia con plasma rico en plaquetas tiene buenos resultados en el tratamiento de pacientes con envejecimiento facial.

Introduction: The growing need for youthful looking skin drives continued innovations with minimally invasive procedures. Autologous platelet-rich plasma represents a regenerative therapeutic included in the new arsenal of interventions that seek this effect. Objective: Assess the results of platelet-rich plasma therapy in patients with facial aging. Methods: The sample consisted of 68 patients assessed with the scale for the clinical assessment of cutaneous photoaging (SCACPH). They underwent four PRP sessions every 15 days and an additional session 3 months after completing the initial treatment. The patients were followed up for 6 months, after which they were reevaluated which the same instrument. Results: The ages of the patients were between 21 and 73 years with a mean of 46.80 years, the female sex predominated (89.9%). Significant results in the treatment of wrinkles, furrows, and skin texture and skin lesions were related to PRP mesotherapy. The procedure produced an improvement assessed with the SCACPH. Conclusions: Autologous PRP therapy has good results in the treatment of patients with facial aging.

Fotoenvejecimiento cutáneo y su relación con el cáncer de piel: revisión sistemática / Cutaneous photoaging and its association with skin cancer: a systematic review

Introducción. Un factor fundamental en el envejecimiento de la piel es la exposición acumulativa a la luz solar. Al avanzar el proceso de fotoenvejecimiento, el colágeno y las fibras elásticas experimentan mayores daños, generando patologías asociadas a cáncer. Se plantea como objetivo de esta revisión, analizar la evidencia que existe en relación a las diferentes situaciones del fotoenvejecimiento cutáneo y su asociación con el cáncer de piel. Metodología. Se elaboró una revisión sistemática, exploratoria, a través de una búsqueda bibliográfica en gestores de bases de datos en salud. Se seleccionaron 18 artículos completos entre los años 2019 y 2020. Resultados. Se agruparon los hallazgos de los artículos en dos matrices de información, la primera que indica los temas principales del fotoenvejecimiento y la relación con los factores asociados a cáncer de piel, y una segunda matriz que presenta la interrelación de la asociación con la conclusión más relevante del artículo. Conclusiones. El fotoenvejecimiento es un problema que crece día a día impactando en la vida del ser humano, creando repercusiones a nivel físico y mental que afectan la calidad de vida. Es necesario crear conciencia acerca de los mecanismos de fotoprotección, como el uso de bloqueadores solares, antioxidantes, evitar la luz solar y uso de lentes solares, entre otros; y, en los casos que ya exista algún daño por fotoenvejecimiento, elegir la mejor alternativa e individualizar cada paciente según su tipo de piel y enfermedades asociadas con la edad, para un mejor enfoque de tratamiento, y así impactar de manera positiva en el crecimiento exponencial que existe hoy en día en diversos tipos de cáncer de piel y lesiones precancerosas

Introduction. A fundamental factor in skin aging is cumulative exposure to sunlight. As the photoaging process progresses, collagen and elastic fibers experience greater damage, generating pathologies associated with cancer. The aim of this review is to analyze the evidence that exists in relation to the different situations of cutaneous photoaging and its association with skin cancer. Methodology. A systematic, exploratory review was prepared through a bibliographic search in database managers in health. A total of 18 articles were selected between the years 2019 and 2020. Results. The articles information were grouped into two matrix, the first one that indicates the main themes of photoaging and the relationship with the factors associated with skin cancer, and a second matrix that presents the interrelationship of these factors with the most relevant conclusion of the study. Conclusions. Photoaging is a problem that grows day by day impacting on human life, creating repercussions on a physical and mental level affecting the quality of life. It is necessary to raise awareness about photoprotection mechanisms such as the use of sunscreen, antioxidants , avoid sunlight, use of solar lenses, among others; and in cases where there is already some damage caused by photoaging, choose the best alternative and individualize each patient according to their skin type and diseases associated with age, for a better treatment approach, and thus positively impact the exponential growth that exists today in various types of skin cancer and precancerous lesions

The Effect of Equine Placental Extract on Anti-skin Aging Activity / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

In the present study, we assessed the antiaging effect of equine placental extract (ePE) on dermal fibroblasts and found that it markedly suppressed the appearance of β-galactosidase-positive cells among the senescent cells induced by repeated hydrogen peroxide exposure or ultraviolet A irradiation. Moreover, the efficacy of ePE treatment was similar to that of an antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine. Thus, owing to its antioxidant effect, ePE can be used as an antiaging agent, particularly for the dermis.

Protective Mechanism of Total Flavonoids of Lavender Against Skin Photoaging in Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the protective effect of total flavonoids of lavender on skin photoaging induced by ultraviolet B （UVB） in mice and to explore its mechanism from the perspective of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） antioxidant pathway. MethodEighty-four female KM mice were randomly divided into seven groups， namely blank group， model group， solvent group， vitamin E （0.013 g·kg-1） group， as well as low-， middle-， and high-dose （0.25， 1.25， 2.50 g·kg-1） groups of total flavonoids of lavender. The naked skin on the back of mice was irradiated with UVB for inducing optical damage. Thirty minutes before irradiation， the skin was coated with the total flavonoids of lavender. After continuous irradiation for one week， the skin moisture and elasticity on the back of mice were evaluated， and the effects of total flavonoids of lavender on histopathological changes in mouse skin were investigated by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Van Gieson （VG） staining. The levels of malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）， nitric oxide synthase （NOS）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） after skin homogenization were detected by colorimetry， the inflammatory factors interleukin-1 （IL-1）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in skin tissue by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2， Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 （Keap1）， BTB-CNC homology 1 （Bach1）， heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1）， quinone oxidoreductase 1 （NQO1）， and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit （GCLC） by real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group exhibited significantly increased appearance score （P<0.01）， reduced skin moisture and elasticity （P<0.01）， pronounced pathological changes in the skin tissue like epidermal thickening， scabbing， small abscess， and severe injury， elevated MDA， NOS， IL-1， IL-6 and TNF-α （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lowered SOD， T-AOC， Nrf2， Keap1， NQO1 and GCLC mRNA expression （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and up-regulated Bach1 mRNA expression （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the total flavonoids of lavender at the low， middle， and high doses all remarkably reduced the appearance score （P<0.01）， enhanced the skin moisture and elasticity （P<0.01）， diminished the MDA， NOS， IL-1， IL-6， and TNF-α （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased SOD， T-AOC， Nrf2， Keap1， NQO1， HO-1 and GCLC mRNA expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and down-regulated the expression of Bach1 mRNA （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe protective effect of the total flavonoids of lavender against skin photoaging in mice is significant， which may be related to its activation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway， regulation of oxidative stress， and improvement of inflammatory response.

Protective effect of Acronychia pedunculata water extract on photoaging keratinocyte model and its mechanism / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Acronychia pedunculata water extracts on UV-induced light damage of human keratinocytes.Methods:The experiment was conducted from December 2018 to April 2020 in the Guangxi Medical University Laboratory of Genetics. The photoaged keratinocyte model was used, the cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of Acronychia pedunculata water extracts. The cell proliferation rate was detected by CCK-8 method. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of cells were detected by a test kit. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined by ELISA.Results:The proliferation of HaCaT cells was promoted by 0.5 mg/L-2.0 mg/L of the extracts. Compared with control group, the proliferation rate of HaCaT cells in the experimental group was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with control group, the contents of ROS was decreased ( F=214.67, P<0.05), MDA was decreased ( F=811.88, P<0.05), SOD was increased ( F=28.95, P<0.05), CAT was increased ( F=213.31, P<0.05), GPX was increased ( F=65.10, P<0.05), T-AOC was increased ( F=305.58, P<0.05), IL-1β was decreased ( F=15.46, P<0.05), IL-6 was decreased ( F=59.2, P<0.05), and TNF-α was decreased ( F=33.13, P<0.05). Conclusions:The extracts of 0.5-2.0 mg/L of Acronychia pedunculata have protective effects on the photoaging cell model, which may be related to the increase of SOD, CAT, GPX and other antioxidant enzymes and the level of T-AOC in photoaging HaCaT cells, and the decrease of ROS, MDA content and the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

Skin imaging technologies for photoaging / 中华皮肤科杂志

Skin photoaging not only affects the appearance, but also is associated with skin tumors. It is very important to objectively and effectively evaluate photoaging. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis of photoaging, but it can not be used repeatedly because of its invasiveness, and is not suitable for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of photoaging. Skin imaging technologies can realize in vivo, real-time and non-invasive two- or three-dimensional image analysis, which facilitate the visual assessment of skin photoaging. This review summarizes research progress in dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, high-frequency ultrasound and optical coherence tomography in evaluation of photoaging.

Repair of UVB damage in mouse skin by adipose derived stem cells / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) on long-wave UV damage in mouse skin in order to provide ideas for the treatment of skin photodamage.Methods:The inguinal and perirenal adipose tissues of C57BL/6 mice were extracted and processed to obtain mouse ADSCs, and the surface markers, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capabilities were identified. The mouse photoaging model was irradiated with the SS-03AB UV illuminator, the total UVB dose was 9.45 J/cm 2, and the total UVA dose was 94.5 J/cm 2. Experimental mice (72 in total) were divided into normal group, model group, DMEM (medium) group and ADSC group, each with 18 mice. In the normal group and model group, the materials were taken two weeks after the end of irradiation. After irradiation, the ADSC group was given a subcutaneous injection of 200 μl ADSC suspension, and the DMEM group was given 200 μl of serum-free medium for treatment, and the materials were taken for pathological staining after 2 weeks. The experimental data was processed by analysis of variance. This study was carried out from August 2018 to July 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Results:The extracted cells were identified as adipose-derived stem cells. HE staining showed that the inflammatory cell infiltration in the ADSC group was significantly reduced compared with the DMEM group ( t=20.649, P<0.001) and the normal group ( t=16.147, P<0.001), and the thickness of the dermis layer was significantly increased. Masson staining showed collagen fibers were arranged neatly and the density increased significantly after ADSC treatment. Conclusions:Subcutaneous injection of ADSC can reduce inflammation, promote collagen tissue proliferation, increase the thickness of the dermis, effectively resist inflammatory damage and collagen breakdown caused by UVB.

Photoprotection / photostabilizer potential in a quercetin sunscreens: determination of physical-chemical, safety and efficacy properties / Potencial fotoprotetor / fotoestabilizador de filtros solares associados à quercetina: ensaios físico-químicos e pré-clínicos

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is related to the development of skin cancer and photoaging, also produces free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause premature aging. Therefore, sunscreens with extended UV protection capacity have been studied associated with antioxidant compounds. Different components can be incorporated with the purpose of improving, the photoprotection efficiency, as well as other cosmetic attributes, creating a multifunctional product. Among the compounds, there are some to be used from natural origin that are excellent, because it reduces the side effects and toxicity. Flavonoids are good examples of natural agents, because have demonstrated photoprotective antioxidant action in food and it is also promising for topical use. The aim of this work is to develop photoprotective formulations with quercetin, evaluating potential photoprotective and antioxidant of each formulation through tests already established and described in the literature, with emphasis on in vitro testing of potential photoprotective, antioxidant and security (het-cam); ex vivo antioxidant potential (tape-stripping). The results show us the photoprotective and antioxidant capacity of quercetin and the ideal concentration for this potential, thereby contributing to the synthesis of new molecules and development of new products, concerning stable, safe and effective exposure to solar UV radiation, preventing new incidences of skin cancer and reduction of photoaging

A radiação ultravioleta (UV) está relacionada ao desenvolvimento de câncer de pele e fotoenvelhecimento, também produz radicais livres ou espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) que causam o envelhecimento precoce. Portanto, protetores solares com capacidade de proteção UV amplo espectro foram estudados associados a compostos antioxidantes. Diferentes componentes podem ser incorporados com o objetivo de melhorar a eficiência da fotoproteção, assim como outros atributos cosméticos criando um produto multifuncional. Entre os compostos a serem utilizados, de origem natural são excelentes, pois reduzem os efeitos colaterais e a toxicidade. Os flavonóides são bons exemplos de agentes naturais, porque demonstraram ação antioxidante fotoprotetora nos alimentos e também são promissores para uso tópico. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver formulações fotoprotetoras com quercetina, avaliando potenciais fotoprotetores e antioxidantes de cada formulação através de testes já estabelecidos e descritos na literatura com ênfase em ensaios in vitro de potenciais fotoprotetores, antioxidantes e de segurança (het-cam); potencial antioxidante ex vivo (tape-stripping). Os resultados nos mostram a capacidade fotoprotetora e antioxidante da quercetina e a concentração ideal para este potencial, contribuindo para a síntese de novas moléculas e desenvolvimento de novos produtos estáveis, seguros e eficazes em relação à exposição à radiação solar UV, prevenindo novas incidências de câncer de pele e redução do fotoenvelhecimento

Effective Use of Coix-seed Reactive Derivatives (CRD) in Managing Photoaging of the Skin: A Case Report / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

Ultraviolet (UV)-induced wrinkle and pigmentation are very common in clinical practice. In this report, we presented the case of a 58-year-old man who developed wrinkle and pigmentation around right hand, face and neck for ten years. Coix-seed Reactive Derivatives (CRD) was administrated orally 2.1g twice a day for 6 months. These lesions were improved in the third month, and a dramatic response was obtained at the end of 6 months of treatment. Further research is needed to define the optimal dose and duration of CRD intake.

The anti-photoaging effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles on dermal fibroblasts / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the anti-photoaging effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles (hucMSC-EVs) on dermal fibroblasts.@*Methods@#Human fibroblasts were pretreated with hucMSC of different concentrations for 24 hours before ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. Immediately post irradiation, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed using reactive oxygen detection kit. After 72 hours irradiation, cell proliferation was assessed using CCK-8 assay, and the percentage of senescent cells was evaluated by β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining.@*Results@#The UVB irradiation increased intracellular ROS level, decreased the cell proliferation from 100% to(77.33±2.89)%, and increased the percentage of SA-β-gal positive senescent cells from (6.70±0.46)% to (17.67±1.53)%. The hucMSC-EVs pretreatment decreased the intracellular ROS level, stimulated cell proliferation from (77.33±2.89)% to (90.67±2.52)% and( 96.00±5.57)% , and decreased the positive rate of SA-β-gal positive cells from (17.67±1.53)% to (8.38±0.56)% and (7.07±1.10)%.@*Conclusions@#The hucMSC-EVs preconditioning may protect dermal fibroblasts from UVB induced photoaging, by reducing intracellular ROS.

Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Compound in Resisting Skin Photoaging and Application / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Skin photoaging is caused by long-term exposure to sunlight. It is a kind of exogenous aging and one of the important causes of skin aging. The main symptoms include dry skin, roughness, sagging, wrinkles and localized pigmentation. There are diverse and complex mechanisms for causing skin photoaging, mainly involving oxidative stress, apoptosis, the role of matrix metalloproteinases, inflammatory reactions. The prevention and treatment methods of skin photoaging mainly include sunscreens, antioxidants and anti-inflammatory preparations. In recent years, the prevention and improvement of skin photoaging have become hotspots in the world. Therefore, the development of drugs with a defined anti-photoaging effect and clear anti-photoaging mechanism is urgent. Clinically, although retinoic acid and other drugs can alleviate skin photoaging, long-term use can cause side effects on central nervous system, and most of them have a strong irritation and damage to the skin. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has the advantages of natural material, stable action, less toxic and side effects; furthermore, TCM and its compound have a long history in curative application, with a unique effect. This paper explores the anti-skin photoaging mechanism of TCM in recent years, its modern application and study progress, in order to provide some reference for exploring the mechanism and prevention of skin photoaging.

Safety and efficacy of a microneedle fractional radiofrequency for facial photoaging / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective Microneedle fractional radiofrequency (MFR) is a novel method for reju-venation that combines radiofrequency and microneedles .The aim of this study was to evaluate pro-spectively the efficacy and safety of MFR in the treatment of facial photoaging .Methods Between De-cember 2017 and December 2018 ,a total of 24 female subjects with facial photoaging aged 45 to 60 (45 .9 ± 8 .7)years ,the course of 1 to 20 (8 .88 ± 5 .06) years ,were collected from the Department of Dermatology ,Pepole's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region .They received 3 treatments at 4-week intervals .Global scores for photoaging (GSP) were evaluated at baseline ,after 1 treatment and 3 treatments respectively .Facial wrinkles ,skin texture ,pigmentation ,telangiectasia ,and skin tightness were evaluated by the 4-point method after 1 treatment and 3 treatments respectively .Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for self-assessment of pain during treatment .At the third treatment self assessment on the degree of satisfaction with therapeutic effects was conducted in subiects .The adverse reactions were evaluated at every treatment immediately and the third day and seventh day .Results The GSP score of 24 subjects before treatment was (2 .83 ± 0 .92) ,(2 .25 ± 0 .95) after 1 treatment ,and (1 .67 ± 0 .48) after 3 treatments .The difference between before and after 1 treatment was statistically significant (t = 2 .17 , P < 0 .05) ,and between before and after 3 treatments , the difference was statistically significant (t = 5 .52 , P < 0 .05) .There were statistically significant differ-ences in facial wrinkles ,skin texture and skin tightness improvement scores between the first treat-ment and the third treatment (t = 5 .48 ,3 .88 ,5 .46 , P < 0 .05) .There were statistically significant differences in pigmentation and telangiectasia scores between the first treatment and the third treat -ment (t = 2 .46 and 2 .17 ,P < 0 .05) .After the third treatment ,the VAS value was 3 .2 ± 1 .2 ,indica-ting mild to moderate pain .The total satisfactory rate of the 24 subjects was 83 .33％ .The subjects had no adverse reactions .Conclusions MFR can effectively improve the symptoms of facial photoaging without obvious adverse reactions .

Safety and efficacy of picosecond Alexandrite laser with a diffractive lens array for treatment of facial photoaging / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 755 nm picosecond Alexandrite la-ser with a diffractive lens array in the treatment of facial photoaged skin .Methods Twenty-six pa-tients with facial photoaging were recruited and received 3 treatments at 4-week intervals .Laser energy was applied over the entire face at a fixed spot size of 6 mm ,with a fluence of 0 .71 J/cm2 and 5Hz . Blinded clinical assessment was performed by 2 independent dermatologists on a 5-point global pho-toaging scale (GPS) .Patients were also questioned on the extent of improvement of rhytides ,skin tightening ,and complexion with a 4-point global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) and satisfaction . Adverse events were also evaluated .Results Twenty-six patients completed the treatment .Compared with the baseline ,there was a significant improvement in facial photoaged skin after 3 treatments ,and these positive outcomes were maintained up to the 3-month follow-up ,according to the GPS and GAIS scores .Moderate pain and transient erythema were observed as the two main discomforts associated with the treatment .Most patients were satisfied with the treatment .Conclusions This 755 nm pico-second Alexandrite laser with a diffractive lens array optic is effective in the treatment offacial pho -toaged skin ,and the therapy also seems safe and well tolerated .

Effects of IRA and UV alone or in combination on skin photoaging in mice / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To detect the expression of MMP-13 in the skin of mice treated by near-infrared (IRA) and ultraviolet (UV) so as to observe their effects on skin photoaging and their interrelation and explore molecular mechanisms in IRA-induced skin photoaging. Methods: Male ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (without ray exposure), IRA group, UV group, IRA/UV group, and UV/IRA group. The mice in the latter four groups had their dorsal skin exposed to different radiated ray respectively. The levels of MMP-13 protein and mRNA in the exposed skin were detected by HE, immunohistochemical method, Western blot and real-time PCR. Results: Both skin lesions by visual inspection and H&E staining results showed that mice in the other four groups had skin photoaging in the exposed skin area compared with the control group. The levels of MMP-13 protein and mRNA in the exposed skin in IRA/UV and UV/IRA groups were significantly higher than those in the control mice (P<0.05). In addition, mice in IRA/UV group showed higher levels of MMP-13 protein and mRNA than those in UV/IRA group (P<0.05). Conclusion: ① IRA causes skin photoaging in mice. ② UV and IRA interact with each other, up-regulate the expression of MMP-13, and promote each other in the process of photoaging. ③ The effects of IRA and UV in combination on skin photoaging are closely related to order of exposure. Taken together, avoiding IRA exposure and the expression of MMP-13 play an important role in preventing skin wrinkle formation and treatment of photoaging in mice.

Preventive effect and mechanism of ultrafine powder of Dendrobium candidum on photoaging model mice / 中国中药杂志

Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder has become a research hotspot for the addition of cosmetic raw materials. Dendrobium candidum is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Its extract and stem extract are already cosmetic raw materials and its water extract has the effect of preventing photoaging,but D. candidum ultrafine powder has not been accepted as a raw material for cosmetics,and no relevant research on photoaging prevention has been reported. In this experiment,the ultra-fine powder and fine powder of D. candidum to prevent photoaging were observed and compared,and its mechanism of action was discussed to provide a basis for the prevention of skin photoaging products. Seventy-two female ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,solvent group,titanium dioxide(Ti O2) group,isooctyl salicylate(2-ES) group,D. candidum ultrafine powder 1(DP1),ultrafine powder 2(DP2) and fine powder(DP3) groups. The photoaging model was established by ultraviolet irradiation for 8 weeks,and the model was intervened while modeling. The skin wrinkle grade,elastic parameters,skin microcirculation blood flow,skin structure and pathological changes(skin thickness,skin collagen fiber,elastic fiber) were observed,the skin transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),Smad3 levels were determined,and the type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen,matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1),activated protein-1(AP-1),VEGF expression were detected. The results showed that ultrafine powder(DP1,DP2) significantly reduced the wrinkle level and skin blood flow of the model mice(P<0. 05,P<0. 01); DP1,DP2 and DP3 could significantly reduce the thickness of the epidermis(P<0. 001),improve collagen fiber,elastic fiber hyperplasia,and distortion and decrease VEGF expression,and DP1 is better than DP2 and DP3; each group could up-regulate type Ⅰ collagen,down-regulate type Ⅲ collagen,AP-1,MMP-1 protein expression,and DP1 improvement optimal. However,it has no obvious effect on TGF-β1 and Smad3. The ultrafine powder and fine powder of D. candidum have certain preventive effect on photoaging,and the effect of ultrafine powder is better than that of fine powder. Ultrafine powder may down-regulate the expression of type Ⅲ collagen,AP-1 and MMP-1 by up-regulating type Ⅰ collagen. Inhibition of collagen degradation plays a role in preventing photoaging.

Topical or oral treatment of peach flower extract attenuates UV-induced epidermal thickening, matrix metalloproteinase-13 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in hairless mice skin

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a major cause of skin photoaging. Previous studies reported that ethanol extract (PET) of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch flowers (PPF, peach flowers) and its subfractions, particularly the ethylacetate (PEA) and n-butanol extracts (PBT), have potent antioxidant activity and attenuate the UV-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in human skin cells. In this study, we investigated the protective activity of PPF extract against UV-induced photoaging in a mouse model. MATERIALS/METHODS: Hairless mice were treated with PET or a mixture of PEA and PBT either topically or orally along with UV irradiation. Histological changes and biochemical alterations of mouse skin were examined. Major phenolic compounds in PPF extract were analyzed using an ACQUITY UPLC system. RESULTS: The overall effects of topical and oral treatments with PPF extract on the UV-induced skin responses exhibited similar patterns. In both experiments, the mixture of PEA and PBT significantly inhibited the UV-induced skin and epidermal thickening, while PET inhibited only the UV-induced epidermal thickening. Treatment of PET or the mixture of PEA and PBT significantly inhibited the UV-induced MMP-13 expression, but not typeⅠ collagen expression. Topical treatment of the mixture of PEA and PBT with UV irradiation significantly elevated catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) activities in the skin compared to those in the UV irradiated control group, while oral treatment of the mixture of PEA and PBT or PET elevated only catalase and SOD activities, but not GPx. Thirteen phytochemical compounds including 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, cimicifugic acid E and B, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside and kaempferol glycoside derivatives were identified in the PPF extract. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that treatment with PET or the mixture of PEA and PBT, both topically or orally, attenuates UV-induced photoaging via the cooperative interactions of phenolic components having anti-oxidative and collagen-protective activities.

A standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem prevents reduction in heat shock protein 70 expression in ultraviolet-B-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts: an in vitro study

BACKGROUND@#Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) exhibits protective effects against ultraviolet (UV)-induced premature skin aging. A standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem (EAS) is produced as a novel and unique functional food that induces HSP70 cellular expression. To elucidate the anti-photoaging potencies of EAS, we examined its effects on HSP70 expression levels in UV-B-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs).@*METHODS@#NHDFs were treated with 1 mg/mL of EAS or dextrin (vehicle control) prior to UV-B irradiation (20 mJ/cm). After culturing NHDFs for different time periods, HSP70 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively.@*RESULTS@#UV-B-irradiated NHDFs showed reduced HSP70 mRNA levels after 1-6 h of culture, which were recovered after 24 h of culture. Treatment with EAS alone for 24 h increased HSP70 mRNA levels in the NHDFs, but the increase was not reflected in its protein levels. On the other hand, pretreatment with EAS abolished the UV-B irradiation-induced reduction in HSP70 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest that EAS is capable to preserve HSP70 quantity in UV-B-irradiated NHDFs.@*CONCLUSIONS@#EAS exhibits anti-photoaging potencies by preventing the reduction in HSP70 expression in UV-irradiated dermal fibroblasts.