Comparison of the upper extremity physical performance tests between asymptomatic adults with and without scapular dyskinesis

Abstract Introduction Physical performance tests (PPTs) are screening tools widely available, easy to apply, and that can be performed in different environments and contexts. Scapular dyskinesis can be related to changes in glenohumeral angulation, acromioclavicular joint strain, subacromial space dimension, shoulder muscle strength/activation and humeral position/motion. Few studies were developed to understand the influence of aspects such as strength, stability mobility, and scapular dyskinesis on the scores of the upper extremity PPTs. Objective To compare the performance in the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST), Seated Medicine Ball Throw Test (SMBT) and Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT) between asymptomatic adults with and without scapular dyskinesis. Methods Cross-sectional study with 20 asymptomatic individuals: 10 with scapular dyskinesis and 10 without scapular dyskinesis. The average number of touches, number of touches normalized by height, and power score in the CKCUEST, distance covered by the ball in the SMBT, reach in the medial, inferolateral, and superolateral directions, total excursion and composite score of the UQYBT were compared between both groups. Results No significant differences were found for all variables (p > 0.05). Small to moderate effect sizes were found for the scores of the CKCUEST (d = 0.16-0.78), a small effect size was found for the distance in the SBMT (d = 0.12), and small to moderate effect sizes were found for the scores of the UQYBT (d = 0.02-0.43). The scapular dyskinesis group presented better performance in all tests. Conclusion The presence of scapular dyskinesis in asymptomatic individuals is not a factor related to worse scores in upper extremity physical performance tests.

Resumo Introdução Os testes de desempenho físico (PPTs) são instrumentos de triagem amplamente disponíveis, de fácil aplicação e que podem ser realizados em diferentes ambientes e contextos. A discinesia escapular pode estar relacionada a alterações na angulação glenoumeral, tensão na articulação acromioclavicular, dimensão do espaço subacromial, força/ativação muscular do ombro e posição/movimento umeral. Poucos estudos foram desenvolvidos para entender a influência de aspectos como força, estabilidade, mobilidade e discinese escapular nos escores dos PPTs de membros superiores. Objetivo Comparar o desempenho no Teste de Estabilidade de Extremidade Superior de Cadeia Cinética Fechada (CKCUEST), Teste de Arremesso de Medicine Ball Sentada (SMBT) e Teste de Equilíbrio em Y do Quarto Superior (UQYBT) entre adultos assintomáticos com e sem discinesia escapular. Métodos Estudo transversal com amostra de 20 indivíduos assintomáticos: 10 com discinesia escapular e 10 sem discinesia escapular. Comparou-se o número médio de toques, número de toques normalizados pela altura e pontuação de potência no CKCUEST, distância percorrida pela bola no SMBT, alcance nas direções medial, inferolateral e superolateral, excursão total e escore composto do UQYBT entre ambos os grupos. Resultados Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas para todas as variáveis (p > 0,05). Tamanho de efeito pequeno a moderado foi encontrado para os escores do CKCUEST (d = 0,16-0,78), tamanho de efeito pequeno foi encontrado para a distância no SBMT (d = 0,12) e tamanho de efeito pequeno a moderado foi encontrado para as pontuações do UQYBT (d = 0,02-0,43). O grupo com discinesia escapular apresentou melhor desempenho em todos os testes. Conclusão A pre-sença de discinesia escapular em indivíduos assintomáticos não é um fator relacionado a piores escores em testes de desempenho físico de membros superiores.

Relationship between physical fitness and game-related statistics in elite professional basketball players: Regular season vs. playoffs

AIMS This study aimed to verify th erelation ship between of anthropometric and physical performance variables with game-related statistics in professional elite basketball players during a competition. METHODS Eleven male basketball players were evaluated during 10 weeks in two distinct moments (regular season and playoffs). Overall, 11 variables of physical fitness and 13 variables of game-related statistics were analysed. RESULTS The following significant Pearson's correlations were found in regular season: percentage of fat mass with assists (r = -0.62) and steals (r = -0.63); height (r = 0.68), lean mass (r = 0.64), and maximum strength (r = 0.67) with blocks; squat jump with steals (r = 0.63); and time in the T-test with success ful two-point field-goals (r = -0.65), success ful free-throws (r = -0.61), and steals (r = -0.62). However, in playoffs, only stature and lean mass maintained these correlations (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The anthropometric and physical characteristics of the players showed few correlations with the game-related statistics in regular season, and these correlations are even lower in the playoff games of a professional elite Champion ship, wherefore, not being good predictors of technical performance.(AU)

Relação entre antropometria, desempenho físico e estatística de jogo em jogadores jovens de elite de basquetebol / Relationship between anthropometrics, physical performance and game statistics in young elite basketball players

Diagnosticar as características antropométricas e de desempenho físico da seleção brasileira de basquetebol sub19, e associar essas variáveis ao desempenho técnico de jogo durante o campeonato mundial. Doze jogadores de elite de basquetebol, com idade de 18,6 ± 0,7 anos, massa corporal de 91,3 ± 8,7kg, estatura de 195,2 ± 10,2cm e percentual de gordura de 11,4 ± 1,51 % participaram do estudo. Os testes de desempenho físico foram: corrida 20m (C20), corrida T40m (T40) e Yo-yo Intermittent Recovery I (Yo-yo RI). Por meio das estatísticas de jogo, foram analisados os indicadores de desempenho técnico de jogo. A análise estatística utilizada foi à estatística descritiva pelos valores médios, desvio padrão, valores máximo e mínimo. Foi utilizada a correlação linear de Pearson entre os valores antropométricos, de desempenho físico e o desempenho técnico dos jogos. O nível de significância da correlação foi de p<0,05. Os resultados foram expressos em média, desvio padrão, máximo e mínimo, sendo C20 = 2,97 ± 0,14s, 3,23s e 2,79s, T40 = 8,67 ± 0,41s, 9,72s e 8,29s e Yo-yo RI = 1173 ± 291,1m, 1760m e 800m. Foram identificadas correlações positivas e significantes da C20 com massa corporal (r= 0,72), estatura (r= 0,79), porcentagem de gordura (r= 0,79) e massa gorda (r= 0,81); e do T40 com estatura (r= 0,72) e porcentagem de gordura (r= 0,72). Não foram identificadas correlações significantes entre os testes de desempenho físico e os indicadores de desempenho técnico de jogo. Os achados do presente estudo sugerem que acertos / erros técnicos num campeonato de curta duração estão aparentemente associados à capacidade técnico-tática e tomada de decisão dos jogadores do que ao nível de desempenho físico.(AU)

To diagnose anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of the Brazilian national basketball U19, and link these variables to the set of technical performance during the world championship. Twelve elite basketball players, aged 18.6 ± 0.7 years, body mass 91.3 ± 8.7 kg, height of 195.2 ± 10.2 cm and fat percentage of 11.4 ± 1.51% in the study. Physical performance tests were run 20m (C20), running T40m (T40) and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery I (Yo-yo RI). Through the game statistics, the technical performance indicators set were analyzed. The statistical analysis was descriptive statistics as the mean value, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values. We used the Pearson correlation coefficients between anthropometric values, physical performance and the technical performance of games. The correlation level of significance was p <0.05. The results were expressed as mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum, being C20 = 2.97 ± 0,14s, 3,23s and 2,79s, T40 = 8.67 ± 0,41s, 9,72s and 8,29s and Yo-yo RI = 1173 ± 291,1m, 1760m and 800m. Positive and significant correlations with body mass of the C20 were identified (r = 0.72), height (r = 0.79), percentage of fat (r = 0.79) and fat mass (r = 0.81); and T40 with height (r = 0.72) and percentage fat (r = 0.72). We found no significant correlations between the physical performance tests and technical performance indicators game. The findings of this study suggest that the success and unsuccess technical performance in a short championship are apparently associated with the technical and tactical ability and decision making of the players than the level of physical performance.(AU)