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Introducción. La población de personas mayores (PM) en Chile presenta un incremento sostenido con importantes tasas de fragilidad y riesgo de caídas (RC). El desempeño de marcha permite valorarlo mediante parámetros mecánicos y fisiológicos. Nos preguntamos, ¿cuáles podrían ser los más relevantes para estimar RC en condiciones de marcha confortable (MC) y máxima (MM)? Objetivo. Identificar los principales parámetros de marcha que podrían explicar RC en PM autovalentes de la comunidad. Métodos. Estudio observacional y transversal en el cual participaron 53 PM autovalentes de la comuna de Talca, Chile (edad 71±7años; IMC 29,1±3,4 kg/m2). Se solicitó a los participantes la ejecución de MC (n=53) y posteriormente MM (n=36). Ambas modalidades fueron desarrolladas en un circuito elíptico de 40m durante 3min. El RC se categorizó como: "sin riesgo", "riesgo dinámico" según prueba timed up and go (TUG) positiva, "riesgo estático" según estación unipodal (EUP) positiva y "riesgo mixto" con ambas pruebas positivas. Para la visualización de la variación gráfica en el morfoespacio de los individuos según RC, se realizó un análisis de componentes principales (ACP) mediante el Programa RStudio, utilizando 6 variables cinemáticas: i) velocidad promedio de marcha (VPM), ii) cadencia, iii) máximo despeje del pie (MDP), iv) coeficiente de variación (%CV) del MDP, v) longitud de zancada (LZ) y vi) %CV de la LZ. Además de 2 variables fisiológicas: i) % frecuencia cardiaca de reserva utilizada (%FCRu) y ii) el índice de costo fisiológico según la relación entre FC y VM (latidos/metros). Resultados. Para MC las dimensiones del ACP explican el 56% de la variabilidad de los datos, siendo los indicadores de seguridad de RC la VM, cadencia, LZ y MDP. La variabilidad de marcha explica RC mixto y el ICF junto al %FCRu se asocian a RC dinámico. En condiciones de MM, el ACP explica 60% de la variabilidad de datos, donde las PM sin RC se asocian con VM, LZ y MDP. Por su parte, la variabilidad del MDP se vincula con RC dinámico y las variables fisiológicas con el RC mixto. Conclusiones. Los parámetros de marcha que mejor explican una marcha segura y eficiente son cinemáticos de la fase de balanceo, mientras que la variabilidad y el costo fisiológico se asocian como indicadores de RC dinámico y mixto.
Background. Introduction: The elderly population (EP) in Chile is experiencing a sustained increase with significant rates of frailty and risk of falls (RF). Gait performance can be assessed using mechanical and physiological parameters. We wonder, which ones could be the most relevant to estimate RF in self-selected walking speed (SSWS) and maximum walking speed (MWS) conditions? Objective. Identify the main gait parameters that could explain RF in self-sufficient elderly individuals from the community. Methods. This observational and cross-sectional study included 53 self-sufficient elderly individuals from the commune of Talca, Chile (age 71±7 years; BMI 29.1±3.4 kg/m2). Participants were asked to perform SSWS (n=53) and subsequently MWS (n=36). Both modalities were conducted on a 40m elliptical circuit for 3 minutes. RF was categorized as: "no risk," "dynamic risk" based on a positive timed up and go test, "static risk" based on a positive one-legged stance test, and "mixed risk" with both tests positive. To visualize the graphical variation in the morphospace of individuals according to RF, a principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted using RStudio, utilizing 6 kinematic variables: i) walking speed (WS), ii) cadence, iii) maximum foot clearance (MFC), iv) coefficient of variation (%CV) of MFC, v) stride length (SL), and vi) %CV of SL. In addition to 2 physiological variables: i) % of reserve heart rate used (%RHRu) and ii) the physiological cost index based on the relationship between heart rate and WS (heartbeats/meters). Results. For SSWS, the PCA dimensions explained 56% of the data variability, with gait safety indicators such as WS, cadence, SL, and MFC explaining RF. Gait variability explains mixed RF, while the physiological cost index and %RHRu are associated with dynamic RF. In MWS conditions, PCA explains 60% of the data variability, where the elderly persons without RF are associated with WS, SL, and MFC. On the other hand, MFC variability is related to dynamic RF, and physiological variables are associated with mixed RF. Conclusions. The gait parameters that best explain safe and efficient walking are kinematic parameters of the swing phase, while variability and physiological cost are indicators of dynamic and mixed RF.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of curcumin on skin wound healing and angiogenesis in rats and its possible mechanism.Methods:Rats with full-thickness dermal defect were prepared and randomly divided into model group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups of curcumin, with 10 rats in each group. Curcumin was injected intraperitoneally. The low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups of curcumin were given 5, 15, 45 mg/(kg·d) curcumin respectively. The rats in the model group were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose for 14 days. The wound healing rate of rats in each group was measured; The wound tissue was stained with haematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson and immunohistochemistry; The levels of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the wound tissue of rats in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); The relative expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) mRNA in wound tissue was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR); Western blot was used to detect the expression of VEGFA, VEGFR-2, Notch1, Jagged1, Hes1 protein in the wound tissue.Results:The wound healing rate, the vascular density and the level of Ang-1 and bFGF, the mRNA of VEGFA and VEGFR-2, the relative expression of Notch1, Jagged1, Hes1, VEGFA and VEGFR-2 protein in wound tissue of rats in low, medium and high dose groups of curcumin were higher than those in the model group (all P<0.05). Histological staining results showed that the reepithelialization of the wound tissue was not obvious in the model group, with severe infiltration of inflammatory cells and less collagen deposition; the reepithelialization of the wound tissue in the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups of curcumin was gradually obvious, with thickened epidermis, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and increased collagen deposition. The effect of curcumin on skin wounds in rats was enhanced in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Curcumin could promote wound healing and angiogenesis in rats, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of Notch signaling pathway.
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Developmental changes in children can affect drug disposition and clinical effects. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model is a mathematical model that can be used to predict blood drug concentrations in children and gain insight into age-dependent physiological differences in drug disposition impact. Pediatric PBPK (P-PBPK) models have attracted attention over the past decade. With the concerted efforts of academia, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory agencies, there are more and more examples of pediatric clinical studies using PBPK models. Nevertheless, the number of P-PBPK models and their predictive performance still lag behind adult models. By referring to the literature, we study the process of children adapting to adult absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters and analyze the general principles of P-PBPK model establishment. In addition, we summarize the functions and application examples of commonly used P-PBPK modeling software to provide a basis for the rational application of modeling software.
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Introduction: Magnesium is the second most common intracellular cation found in the body that is required as cofactor in numerous enzymatic reactions, smooth functioning of cardiac and neurological systems. Magnesium deficiency is often overlooked in critically ill patients and is linked with risk of electrolyte imbalance, difficulty weaning off ventilator, sudden cardiac deaths and poorer outcome. Objective- To assess prevalence of magnesium deficiency in critically ill patients admitted to Medical ICU and its association with requirement & duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, APACHE-II & mortality. Methods- Prospective descriptive study was conducted on 69 critically ill patients admitted in medical ICU. After taking informed consent serum magnesium level of patients were collected and entered in spreadsheet and final analysis was done with help of Open EPI and SPSS software. Results-It was concluded that patients having hypomagnesemia were at increased risk of electrolyte abnormalities, longer ventilatory support, longer hospital and ultimately poorer outcome stay as compared to patients with normal magnesium levels. Conclusion- Magnesium remains an important but often side-lined cation in critically ill patients. However, Hypomagnesemia is a repeated finding seen in critically ill patients and is significantly associated with a higher mortality rate and frequent need for mechanical ventilation.
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Physiological parameter monitoring is essential to medical staff to evaluate, diagnose and treat patients in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Monitoring in NICU includes basic vital signal monitoring and functional monitoring. Basic vital signal monitoring (including ECG, respiration, SpO2, blood pressure, temperature) is advanced and focus on study of usability, continuity and anti-interference. Functional monitoring (including respiratory function, circulatory function, cerebral function) still focus on study of monitoring precision and reliability. Meanwhile, video monitoring and artifact intelligence have presented well performance on improving monitoring precision and anti-interference. In this article, the main parameters and relevant measurement technology for monitoring critical neonates were described.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Monitoring, Physiologic , Reproducibility of Results , Respiration , Technology , Vital SignsABSTRACT
Objective@#To compare the physiologic status of infants before and after receiving kangaroo mother care (KMC) through assessment of their heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, oxygen saturation, and pain scores. @*Methods@#We conducted a retrospective study by chart review of all low-birth weight (LBW) infants enrolled in the KMC program of a tertiary medical center. Significance is defined by lower HR, RR, PIPP score and FLACC scale, and significant increase in temperature and oxygen saturation (within normal range) after 4 hours after each KMC session. @*Results@#Out of the 46 LBW weight infants enrolled in the KMC program, only 23 infants had complete chart entries. A total of 99 KMC sessions were analyzed. There was no significant difference in the HR (p = 0.331), RR (p = 0.453), oxygen saturation (p = 0.839), and PIPP (p = 0.387)/FLACC (p = 0.13) scores among the LBW infants before and after the KMC session. However, there was a significantly higher axillary temperature (within normal range) four hours after KMC (p = 0.044). @*Conclusions@#KMC is associated with better thermoregulation even at four hours after the KMC session compared to four hours before. Other physiologic parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and pain scores were similar four hours before and after the KMC session.
Subject(s)
Kangaroo-Mother Care Method , Body Temperature RegulationABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the myocardial protective effect of goal-directed circulation management guided by cardiac index (CI) monitored by pressure recording analytical method (PRAM) in infants undergoing pediatric liver transplantation.Methods:A total of 120 pediatric patients, aged 5-15 months, weighing 5.5-10.0 kg, scheduled for elective living donor liver transplantation (all diagnosed with congenital biliary atresia) were selected and divided into 2 groups ( n=60 each) using a random number table method: routine group (group R) and goal-directed management guided by CI group (group CI-G). Patients in group R received routine hemodynamic monitoring according to central venous pressure (CVP), continuous invasive arterial pressure, blood gas analysis and other monitoring methods to guide intraoperative circulation management.Patients in CI-G group received intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring through radial artery using PRAM/Mostcare, and related treatments were guided by PRAM hemodynamic monitoring indicators.The intraoperative volume of fluid intake, highest and lowest values of parameters of hemodynamics such as heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and CVP, the maximum fluctuations (△ RHR, △ RMAP and △ RCVP) and the development of reperfusion syndrome within 5 min of reperfusion were recorded.At the beginning of anesthesia (T 0), at 5 min before reperfusion (T 1), at 30 min of neohepatic phase (T 2), at 3 h of neohepatic phase (T 3) and at 12 h after operation (T 4), concentrations of serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), N-terminal plasma brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-pro-BNP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) were determined.Mechanical ventilation time, duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, the development of heart failure and pulmonary infection, length of hospital stay were recorded. Results:Compared with group R, the intraoperative volume of fluid intake, highest value of CVP, △ RHR, △ RMAP and the incidence of reperfusion syndrome were significantly decreased, lowest value of MAP was increased, concentrations of serum cTnI, NT-pro-BNP, IL-6, TNF-α and HMGB1 was decreased, mechanical ventilation time and duration of ICU were shortened, and the incidence of heart failure during ICU stay were decreased in group CI-G( P<0.05). Conclusion:The goal-directed circulation management guided by CI monitored by PRAM can accurately guide the use of volume and vasoactive drugs, stabilize circulation, which can produce myocardial protective effect to some extent in infants undergoing pediatric liver transplantation.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-26a mediated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway on angiogenesis in rats with cerebral ischemia.Methods:A total of 100 male SD rats were divided into sham operation group, model group, miR-NC group, and miR-26a group according to the random number table method. The miR-NC group and the miR-26a group were injected with 5 μl miR-26a simulant negative control and miR-26a simulant into the lateral ventricle respectively. The sham operation group and the model group were injected with the same amount of normal saline respectively. The middle cerebral artery occlusion model was induced by the modified intraluminal suture method. In the sham operation group, the thread was only inserted without ligation. Five rats in each group were injected intraperitoneally with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) daily for 7 days. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) cultured and transfected in vitro were divided into control group, oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) group, miR-NC group, and miR-26a group. The dual luciferase experiment verified the regulatory effect of miR-26a on the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN). Longa score was used to detecte the neurological damage of rats. The volume of cerebral infarction was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) staining, annexin Ⅴ fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining and tubule formation experiment were used to detect the proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis of BMECs, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the miR-26a expression of ischemic brain tissue and BMECs. Immunofluorescence double labeling method (BrdU/von Willebrand factor [vWF]) was used to detect the proliferation of rat vascular endothelial cells. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), PTEN, PI3K and Akt protein in ischemic brain tissue.Results:Bioinformatics and dual luciferase experiments verified the targeted regulation of PTEN by miR-26a. Compared with the sham operation group, the expression of miR-26a, VEGF, bFGF, Ang-2, PI3K, AKT and the number of BrdU + /VWF + cells in ischemic brain tissue in the model group and miR-NC group increased, while the expression of PTEN decreased (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the effect of various indexes in the miR-26a group was more significant (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the proliferation and angiogenesis of BMECs in the OGD group and the miR-NC group were significantly increased, and the apoptosis was significantly reduced (all P<0.05). Compared with the OGD group, the effect of various indexes in the miR-26a group was more significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion:miR-26a can mediate the targeted inhibition of PTEN expression, up-regulate angiogenesis related factors (VEGF, bFGF and Ang-2), and promote vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in rats with cerebral infarction by activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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@#The aim of this mixed method systematic review was to assess maternal satisfaction with normal vaginal delivery and its influencing factors in Iranian population. All quantitative and qualitative studies about the factors related to women’s satisfaction with normal vaginal delivery were searched. Data extraction was performed using the data extraction form adapted from the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. The quality of all studies was assessed by two researchers independently using the risk assessment checklist by Cochrane Collaboration. Studies that were conducted on pregnant women older than 18 years old who were in the first post-partum year and assessed satisfaction were included in this review. The current study revealed that the level of satisfaction about normal vaginal delivery was moderate in Iranian women. Fear of pain, vaginal delivery complication and sexual dysfunction were the most common factors that affected satisfaction about vaginal delivery.
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A perda óssea dentária e a formação de lesões periapicais surgem como uma consequênc ia do desequilíbrio da homeostase óssea. Os osteoblastos, juntamente com os osteoclastos e osteócitos, atuam na formação e na reabsorção óssea. Vários marcadores de formação óssea são produzidos por osteoblastos ativos e refletem diferentes aspectos da dif erenciação osteoblástica e da remodelação óssea. Com isso, muitos autores têm explorado o uso de fitoterápicos, visando obter novos compostos que apresentem propriedades terapêuticas, como os flavonoides, e que estimulem a neoformação óssea e o reparo da r egião periapical. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro a citotoxicidade e efeito indutor de mineralização de flavonoides sobre células osteoblásticas humanas. Para isso, células osteoblásticas da linhagem Saos expostas aos seguintes flavono2 foram ides: quercetina, miricetina e seus derivados taxifolina, isoquercitrina, rutina, ampelopsina e EGCG, além de pinocembrina, crisina e canferol, de forma isolada e combinada. Foi avaliado o efeito citotóxico, a atividade de fosfatase alcalina e indução de n mé todo de Shapiroódulos de mineralização. Os resultados foram analisados p elo Wilk, e as variáveis foram submetidas à análise de ANOVA seguida pelo teste de Tukey para comparar entre os grupos e/ou concentrações ou teste de Dunnett para comparar entre cada grupo e o controle, com nível de significância de 5%. A viabilidade da cultura de osteoblastos não teve uma redução estatisticamente significativa na presença da maioria dos compostos, exceto crisina a 100µM. Taxifolina, isoquercitrina, rutina, ampelopsina e EGCG foram os compostos que estimularam significativamente a atividade da fosfatase alcalina, juntamente com as combinações taxifolina+isoquercitrina, taxifolina+ampelopsina e taxifolina+rutina a 25/25 µM. Quanto a formação de nódulos de mine ralização, ampelopsina, isoquercitrina, rutina, pinocembrina e miricetina isolados e taxifolina+isoquercitrina, taxifolina+ampelopsina e taxifolina+rutina combinados obtiveram os melhores resultados, variando de acordo com as concentrações. Concluise que a taxifolina, isoquercitrina, rutina e ampelopsina e combinações de taxifolina com esses flavonoides são citocompatíveis e apresentam efeito indutor de mineralização em osteoblastos Saos-2(AU)
Dental bone loss and the formation of periapical lesions arise as a consequence of imbalance of bone homeostasis. Osteoblasts, together with osteoclasts and osteocytes, act in bone formation and resorption. Several markers of bone formation are produced by active osteoblasts and reflect different aspects of osteoblastic differentiation and bone remodeling. Thus, many authors have explored the use of phytotherapics in order to obtain new compounds with therapeutic properties, such as flavonoids, and also stimulate bone neoformation and periapical region repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity and inducing effect of flavonoid mineralization on human osteoblastic cells. For this, osteoblastic cells of the Saos-2 lineage were exposed to the following flavonoids: quercetin, myricetin and its derivatives taxifoline, isoquercitrin, rutin, ampelopsin and EGCG, in addition to pinocembrin, chrysin and kaempferol, in an isolated and combined manner. The cytotoxic effect, the activity of alkaline phosphatase and the induction of mineralization nodules were evaluated. The results were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk method, and the variables were submitted to ANOVA analysis followed by the Tukey test to compare between groups and/or concentrations or Dunnett's test to compare between each group and the control, with a level of 5% significance. The viability of the osteoblast culture did not have a statistically significant reduction in the presence of most compounds, except 100 µM chrysin. Taxifoline, isoquercitrin, rutin, ampelopsin and EGCG were the compounds that significantly stimulated the activity of alkaline phosphatase, together with the combinations taxifoline+isoquercitrin, taxifoline+ampelopsin and taxifoline+rutin at 25/25 µM. As for the formation of mineralization nodules, ampelopsin, isoquercitrin, rutin, pinocembrin and myricetin alone and taxifoline+isoquercitrin, taxifoline+ampelopsin and taxifoline+rutin combined obtained the best results, varying according to the concentrations. It is concluded that taxifoline, isoquercitrin, rutin and ampelopsin and combinations of taxifolin with these flavonoids are cytocompatible and have a mineralization-inducing effect on Saos-2 osteoblasts(AU)
Subject(s)
Osteoblasts , Periapical Periodontitis , Flavonoids , Bone Resorption , Osteoclasts , Osteocytes , Quercetin , Rutin , Flavonoids/toxicity , Flavonoids/therapeutic use , Bone and Bones , Calcification, Physiologic , Bone Remodeling , Flavanones , HomeostasisABSTRACT
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare entity, presenting mostly as an incidental finding. This disease has an autosomal recessive inheritance with inactivating mutations in the gene "solute carrier family 34 member 2". The present study was conducted to bring attention to this rare though preventable disease. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted at the Department of Pathology, of a tertiary care hospital in New Dehli-India. PAMs were incidentally seen in two patients diagnosed with micronodular hepatic cirrhosis leading to reanalysis of 212 autopsies, retrospectively. Statistical analysis was done using Stata 14.0. We observed three forms (Type A, B and C) of round hyaline bodies measuring in diameter with thin delicate, radiating fibrils. These bodies were PAS positive, showed black discolouration of the pigment with von Kossa stain and birefringence on polarized microscopy using Congo red stain, however the refringence was light green as compared to apple green birefringence seen with amyloid deposition. PAM has a slow progressive course leading to a high rate of incidental detection. Drugs known to inhibit the micro-crystal growth of hydroxyapatite may slow the disease progression. The family members of patients with PAM may also be kept on follow up with regular imaging. Key messages: It is important to bring out the incidental finding as, seemingly innocuous observations may provide valuable insight into incurable diseases, especially rare diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Incidental Findings , Lung Diseases/pathology , Autopsy , Calcification, Physiologic , Rare DiseasesABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of calcified triticeous cartilage (CTC)-compatible images on digital panoramic radiographs of a significant Brazilian population sample. Methods: In this retrospective study, 2500 digital panoramic radiographs were analyzed by a trained examiner using contrast and brightness adjustments of the Adobe® Photoshop® CC 2015 software. Data were collected and exported for statistical analysis (p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant). Results: The prevalence of CTC-compatible images was 4.5% (61.1% in women and 38.9% in men). The most prevalent age ranged between 51 and 60 years (32.7%), and bilateral occurrence had a higher prevalence (46.9%). Women between the ages of 61 and 70 years showed a significantly higher prevalence of CTC-compatible images (p=0.027). Conclusion: This study showed a low prevalence of CTC-compatible images, which mainly occurred in women close to 70 years of age.
Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de imagens compatíveis com calcificação da cartilagem tritícea (CCT) em radiografias panorâmicas digitais de uma significante amostra populacional brasileira. Métodos: Neste estudo retrospectivo, 2500 radiografias panorâmicas digitais foram analisadas por um examinador treinado utilizando ajustes de contraste e brilho através do software Adobe® Photoshop® CC 2015. Os dados foram coletados e exportados para análise estatística (p<0,05 foi considerado como valor estatisticamente significante). Resultados: A prevalência de imagens compatíveis com CCT foi de 4,5% (61.1% em mulheres e 38.9% em homens). A idade mais prevalente variou entre 51 e 60 anos (32,7%), sendo a ocorrência bilateral a mais comum (46,9%). Mulheres com idade entre 61 e 70 anos apresentaram prevalência significativamente maior de imagens compatíveis com CCT (p=0,027). Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou uma baixa prevalência de imagens compatíveis com CCT, que ocorreram, principalmente, em mulheres com idade próxima aos 70 anos.
Subject(s)
Calcification, Physiologic , Cartilage , Population , Thyroid Cartilage , Women , Radiography, Panoramic , Prevalence , MenABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the value of targeted contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) using anti-Mullerian canal hormone (AMH) targeted nanobubbles (AMH-NB) for in vivo quantitative evaluation on ovarian neovascular density after ovarian auto-transplantation in SD rats. Methods: The nanobubbles carrying anti-AMH antibody were prepared, and their basic physical properties were examined. Then ovarian auto-transplantation rat models were established. The targeted (AMH-NB), non-targeted (N-NB) contrast agents and SonoVue were administered on the 7th day after transplantation to obtain peak intensity (PI) and time to peak (TTP). The microvascular density (MVD) was measured using immunohistochemistry, and the correlation of PI, TTP and MVD were analyzed. Results: The particle size of AMH-NB uniformly distributed, ranged (622.67±33.65)nm, and the concentration of AMH-NB was (2.90±0.26)×108/ml. PI of ovarian angiography with AMH-NB was (7.93±0.65)dB and TTP was (42.53±1.74)s, with N-NB was (6.14±0.44)dB and (54.35±1.73)s, with Sonovue was (4.15±0.83)dB and (28.71±1.18)s, respectively (all P<0.05).Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the microvascular density was (61.20±6.84)/HP, histological analysis indicated that AMH-NB were able to penetrate blood vessels to the interstitial space and combine with AMH. PI, TTP of AMH-NB were highly both correlated with MVD (r=0.84, r=-0.84, both P<0.05). Conclusion: AMH-NB can be used to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the angiogenesis in transplanted ovarian of rats in vivo with CEUS.
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El análisis de la interfase entre función orgánica y física tiene una raíz histórica de larga data por parte de los especialistas en morfología humana en el campo de la salud y ciencias del deporte. En la actualidad cuando en décadas recientes se ha incrementado el descenso de la edad de los participantes en los eventos de alta competencia, se hace necesario explorar las particularidades sobre la dinámica del crecimiento y la maduración biológica que podrían condicionar el desempeño atlético. Desde esta perspectiva, la presente revisión se enfoca en la maduración biológica y su posible impacto en las diferencias inter individuales, las cuales están correlacionadas con los cambios que se experimentan en la velocidad del crecimiento. Así mismo se destaca la importancia del momento cuando se alcanza el punto máximo de velocidad lineal, la relevancia de la proporcionalidad corporal asociada a especialidades deportivas e inclusive diferencias encontradas de acuerdo a la posición de juego. Se reporta por otra parte, la importancia de los componentes cardiovasculares y fisiológicos asociados al estado de maduración que marcan su huella en el desempeño atlético. Así mismo se pone de relieve el rol potencial de la participación en deportes de alta competencia asociado a riesgos y beneficios en el crecimiento y maduración del joven atleta. Finalmente y dada la complejidad del tema, se sugiere la intervención de un equipo multidisciplinario en capacidad de analizar el impacto del crecimiento, maduración y entrenamiento en el desempeño del joven atleta(AU)
Relationship between organic morphology and athletic performance has been the concern long time ago for health and sport science. However in recent decades due to the young participation in organized sport, the swift has turned to highlight the kinetics of growth and the potential role of sport participation that influence growth and maturation. The aim of this brief article, review biological maturation (sexual, skeletal and somatic), inter-individual differences, the adolescent growth spurt, peak height velocity , as well as, cardiovascular and physiological related items, allowing for variation changes in size, body composition and proportionality that could influence performance. Keys findings for the review are consistent in showing the relevance of these factors along the process of growth and maturation. Some of the observations reported the potential role of sport participation that influence growth and maturation in terms of risk and or benefic. Attention has been given to the need of understanding the impact of growth, maturation along with training in performance. Finally it is suggested that this issue has to be focuses from an auxological approach given its complexity and to avoid the decline in youth participation. On the other hand, the need for the official support for the welfare of children involved in sport participation is requested(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Exercise , Athletic Performance , Sports Nutritional Sciences , Physical Functional Performance , Anthropometry , Growth and Development , AthletesABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: As mudanças físicas e psicológicas que a mulher enfrenta durante o climatério, podem prejudicar a sexualidade devido às alterações hormonais do período. OBJETIVOS: Com isso, o objetivo desta revisão é de investigar os possíveis recursos fisioterapêuticos usados sob um prisma cinesiológico funcional para minimizar os efeitos deste período. MÉTODOS: Uma busca eletrônica das seguintes bases de dados foi realizada: PubMed, Lilacs e Google Scholar. A pesquisa foi executada do ano de 2010 até o ano de 2018, utilizando as seguintes combinações de palavras: disfunção sexual feminina AND menopausa AND fisioterapia, com os termos em português e inglês. RESULTADOS: Durante o climatério ocorre uma atrofia vaginal, e essa condição pode levar a dores durante o intercurso sexual que, por sua vez, podem gerar contratura no músculo do assoalho pélvico (MAP). Uma vez instaurada esta contratura a dor tende a aumentar, assim originando um ciclo vicioso de dor. A MAP durante o climatério também sofrem uma queda da sua função muscular, podendo gerar disfunções pélvicas como a incontinência urinária, os prolapsos de órgãos pélvicos e prejudicar a função sexual da mulher. CONCLUSÕES: A fisioterapia tem um grande arsenal de recursos terapêuticos que podem incrementar a musculatura pélvica e melhorar a qualidade de vida nesse período de declínio hormonal. Apesar de se necessitar de mais estudos a esse respeito, as técnicas fisioterapêuticas que obtiveram maior eficácia no tratamento da dispareunia em mulheres no climatério, descritas nesta revisão, foram a termoterapia na MAP, liberação manual dos ponto-gatilhos miofasciais da MAP e treinamento dessa musculatura. Sendo assim, a fisioterapia pélvica deve ser uma linha terapêutica a ser prescrita no climatério.
INTRODUCTION: The physical and psychological changes that the woman faces during the climacteric can damage sexuality due to the hormonal changes of the period. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, the objective of this review is to investigate the possible physiotherapeutic resources used under a functional kinesiological prism to minimize the effects of this period. METHODS: An electronic search of the following databases was performed: PubMed, Lilacs and Google Scholar. The research was performed from the year 2010 to the year 2018, using the following combinations of words: female sexual dysfunction AND menopause AND physiotherapy, with the terms in Portuguese and English. RESULTS: During climacteric vaginal atrophy occurs, and this condition can lead to pain during sexual intercourse which, in turn, may lead to contractures in the pelvic floor muscles (PFM), once this contracture is established, the pain tends to increase, thus giving rise to a vicious cycle of pain. PFMs during the climacteric also suffer a decrease of their muscular function, being able to generate pelvic dysfunctions, such as urinary incontinence, prolapses of pelvic organs and also to impair the sexual function of the woman. CONCLUSIONS: With this, physiotherapy has a great arsenal of therapeutic resources that can boost pelvic floor muscles and improve the quality of life in this period of hormonal decline. Despite the need for further studies in this regard, the physiotherapeutic techniques that were most effective in the treatment of dyspareunia in menopausal women, described in this review, were the thermotherapy in PFM, manual release of PFM myofascial trigger points and training of this musculature. Therefore, pelvic physiotherapy should be a therapeutic line to be prescribed in climacteric.
Subject(s)
Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological , Menopause , Physical Therapy SpecialtyABSTRACT
There is a very peculiar role of “Kshar Karma” (an Anushastra), in the management of Arsha, as described by Sushrutacharya.Acharyas have mentioned Kadali as suitable for the Kshara formulation. Patients suffering from AbhyantaraArsha are subjected to KadaliPratisaraneeyaKshar and efficacy ofKadaliKsharPratisaran and inj. Setrol is compared in the management of AbhyantarArsha. In Clinical study an Open randomized controlled clinical trial is conducted of trial group A and control group B for 30 patients in each group.In observations a detailed explanation is given aboutdistribution of patients according to age, sex, occupation.The results of the study are analyzed statistically compared and are presented in tables and graphs form. By highlighting the outcome of the study along with limitations and scope of further improvement it is concluded that KadaliKsharpratisarana gives potent effects in AbhyantarArsha.
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The use of technology has increased tremendously, by means of more reliable, smaller, more accessible and specially more user-friendly devices, which provide a wider range of features, and promote significant benefits for the population and health professionals. It is in this context that monitors and apps for heart rate (HR) measurement have emerged. HR is a clinical vital sign of diagnostic and prognostic importance. In response to body movement, HR tends to increase, in a direct relationship with the intensity of exercise. HR was primarily measured by the count of arterial pulse, and recently, HR can be precisely measured by monitors, bracelets and smartphone apps capable to perform real-time measurements and storage of data. This paper aimed to make a brief and updated review on the theme, providing a broader view of advantages and limitations of these resources for HR measurement in exercise. HR monitors and apps use basically two types of technology, optical sensor (photoplethysmography) and electrical signal from the heart. In general, these devices have shown good accuracy in measuring HR and HR variability at rest, but there are differences between brands and models considering the type, mode and intensity of exercise. HR measurements by monitors and smartphone apps are simple, accessible and may help cardiologists in the monitoring of the intensity of aerobic exercise, focusing on health promotion and on primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Palpation/methods , Exercise , Fitness Trackers , Heart Rate , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Prognosis , Sports , Cardiac Output , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Biomedical Technology , Exercise Test/methodsABSTRACT
There is a paucity of experience regarding His bundle pacing (HBP) at laboratories initially attempting the procedure, especially in the Indian scenario. Patient who underwent HBP were selected for pacing therapy or in lieu of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) at a single center. Among 22 patients attempted, 19 patients underwent successful implant, achieving selective HBP in 14 patients. There was a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (49.3 ± 9.3 vs. 36.7 ± 9.2) in the LV dysfunction subgroup (n = 6). Over a follow-up of 15 ± 6.5 months, thresholds were stable in all except one patient, and there was no requirement of lead revision. In summary, we found that HBP is a feasible option for achieving physiological pacing.
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Background: Electronic monitoring of physiologic variables has gained widespread support over the past decade for critical patients in the intensive care setting. Specifically, anesthesiologists have increased the emphasis and practice of hemodynamic control through monitoring cardiac output (CO). However, these physicians are presented with several options in terms of how they wish to study the trend of this physiologic parameter. Materials and Methods: A survey was distributed to 250 general and subspecialty-trained anesthesiologists. A series of questions were presented in terms of preference of patient monitoring methods requiring yes or no answers. Anesthesiologists were asked about subspecialty training, years since residency graduation, and preferences toward specific hemodynamic monitoring tools. Nonparametric statistical analysis and Chi-squared tests were used to analyze both normal and nonnormally distributed data. Results: CO monitoring devices were implemented by 106 out of 133 anesthesiologists, with 98 of these physicians utilizing CO monitoring for fluid and vasopressors response. Of the physicians implementing a monitoring device, 48 out of 107 physicians preferred pulmonary artery catheter, while pulse contour analysis was preferred by 17 anesthesiologists. An echocardiography unit was available to the department for 90 anesthesiologists, and 77 anesthesiologists were trained to use this technology for monitoring cardiac function. Conclusion: Many anesthesiologists have placed emphasis on the importance of CO monitoring within the intensive care setting. However, physicians are still faced with multiple options in terms of how they wish to specifically monitor this hemodynamic variable. Factors that influence such decisions include the time of physician's residency training along with patient and clinical case characteristics.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of red propolis and L-lysine on angiogenesis and tumor growth in a new model of hamster cheek pouch inoculated with Walker 256 tumor cells. Methods: The study consisted of two experiments with four groups each (total: 57 hamsters). In the experiment 1, the animals were inoculated with Walker tumor cells, followed by administration of test substances (red propolis 200mg/5mL/kg or L-lysine 150mg/kg) or control substances (gum arabic 5mL/kg or water 5mL/kg) for 10 days. The animals in the experiment 2 received red propolis, L-lysine, gum arabic or water at the same doses, for 33 days prior to inoculation of Walker tumor cells, followed by 10 days of treatment with the same substances. Based on single-plane images, angiogenesis was quantified (mean vascular area), in percentage, and tumor area (mm2) and perimeter (mm). Results: In the experiment 1, compared to animals receiving water, the mean vascular area expressed in percentage was significantly smaller in animal treated with propolis (p<0.05) and L-lysine (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both red propolis and L-lysine inhibited tumor angiogenesis in the new hamster cheek pouch model when administered after tumor inoculation.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da própolis vermelha e da L-lisina na angiogênese e no crescimento tumoral em novo modelo de bolsa jugal de hamster inoculada com células de tumor de Walker 256. Métodos: O estudo consistiu em dois experimentos com quatro grupos cada (total: 57 hamsters). No experimento 1, os animais foram inoculados com células de tumor de Walker, tendo em seguida administradas as substâncias teste (própolis vermelha 200mg/5mL/kg ou L-lisina 150mg/kg) ou controle (goma arábica 5mL/kg ou água 5mL/kg) por 10 dias. Os animais do experimento 2 receberam própolis vermelha, L-lisina, goma arábica ou água nas mesmas doses, por 33 dias antes do inóculo das células de tumor de Walker, seguido por 10 dias de tratamento com as mesmas substâncias. Baseado em imagens em plano único, foram quantificados a angiogênese (área vascular média), em termos percentuais, e a área (mm2) e o perímetro (mm) do tumor. Resultados: Comparada aos animais que receberam água, a área vascular média, expressa em percentagem, foi significativamente menor nos animais tratados com própolis (p<0,05) e com L-lisina (p<0,001). Conclusão: Tanto a própolis vermelha quanto a L-lisina inibiram a angiogênese no novo modelo de bolsa jugal de hamsters, quando administradas após a inoculação do tumor.