Repercussões da pandemia por COVID-19 no perfil de saúde dos acadêmicos de Fisioterapia / Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health profile of Physiotherapy students

A pandemia da doença por coronavírus (COVID-19), teve seus primeiros casos localizados em Wuhan, na China, em dezembro de 2019. Por ser considerada infecciosa e altamente contagiosa causando problemas respiratórias, levou à inúmeras mudanças no calendário letivo das instituições de ensino. O presente estudo tem como objetivos rastrear o perfil dos acadêmicos de Fisioterapia reconhecendo os impactos da pandemia em sua saúde geral, bem como examinar as maiores dificuldades acadêmicas durante esse período. Trata-se de um levantamento de dados de caráter qualitativo, cuja fonte foi o Centro Universitário São Camilo (CUSC) durante os meses de agosto, setembro e outubro de 2021, totalizando 169 respostas. Foi observado que durante a pandemia, 45 (26,6%) dos estudantes apresentaram algum problema de saúde. Quanto às atividades diárias, 111 (65,7%) afirmaram que conseguiram adaptar atividades de lazer em casa, 84 (49,7%) tiveram seus hábitos alimentares piorados e 57 (33,7%) afirmaram ter menos de oito horas de sono. Em relação ao ensino à distância, 68 (40,2%) consideraram seu rendimento acadêmico regular e 156 (92,3%) se sentiram prejudicados de alguma forma. Além disso, 111 (65,7%) consideraram o ensino remoto extremamente estressante, onde a maioria optou pelo retorno presencial, sendo que 77 (45,6%) gostariam de retomar as atividades presenciais de forma completa e 76 (45,0%) optaram pelo retorno gradual. Foi constatado que o perfil dos acadêmicos de fisioterapia do CUSC passou por mudanças significativas em diversos aspectos, como sono, alimentação e principalmente referente à questões psicológicas e acadêmicas, havendo pontos positivos e negativos dessa forma de ensino.

The first case of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was located in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. As it is considered infectious and highly contagious, causing respiratory problems, it has led to numerous changes in the academic calendar of educational institutions. The present study aims to track the profile of physiotherapy students, recognizing the impacts of the pandemic on their overall health, as well as examining the greatest academic difficulties during this period. This is a qualitative data survey, collected from Centro Universitário São Camilo (CUSC) students during the months of August, September, and October 2021, totaling 169 responses. It was observed that during the pandemic, 45 (26.6%) students had some health problems. As for daily activities, 111 (65.7%) stated that they managed to adapt leisure activities at home, 84 (49.7%) worsened their eating habits, and 57 (33.7%) stated that they had less than eight hours of sleep. Regarding online learning, 68 (40.2%) considered their academic performance regular and 156 (92.3%) felt impaired in some way. In addition, 111 (65.7%) considered remote learning extremely stressful, where the majority opted for in-person classes, with 77 (45.6%) wanting to resume in-person activities completely, and 76 (45.0%) opted for a gradual return. It was found that the profile of CUSC physiotherapy students underwent significant changes in several aspects, such as sleep and diet, but mainly psychological and academic issues were referred to, with positive and negative points concerning online learning.

A Study of Knowledge and Attitude about Leprosy among the Physiotherapy Students and Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Study

Physiotherapy adds quality to the life of people. It provides support to people with disability. Leprosy is such a debilitating condition in which people suffer concerning their functionality and emotional parameters even after bacteriological cure. Leprosy is having several types of social stigmas attached to it which could be the reason for the discrimination among this population. Boosting the knowledge and building up a strong and positive attitude among physiotherapy students and practitioners against leprosy will be of help in overcoming the various multiple taboos associated with this condition. This research work aims at evaluating the knowledge and attitude towards leprosy among physiotherapy students and professionals in India. This study involves 300 voluntary participants from the physiotherapy field (students and professionals) above the age of 18 years from any gender from India, with a good hold on the English language. The response of all the participants was descriptively analyzed. Among study participants the mean score for the knowledge was estimated to be 65.47±14.69. Out of 300 participants, only 72 participants have shown a high level of knowledge with a mean score value of 84.54±5.23, and 228 participants showed a low level with a mean score value of 59.44±11.14. The mean score for the attitude related questions was 54.7±26.21. 189 respondents presented a favorable response with a mean of 71.16±16.56 whereas 111 respondents presented an unfavorable attitude with a mean value of 26.67±11.86. The findings of this research work gave us an insight into the “low-level knowledge” and a relatively “favorable behavior” towards the patient affected by leprosy among the physiotherapy students and practitioners in India. However, still, there is a need to enhance the knowledge and improve attitude among the Physiotherapy students and professionals by educating them and including leprosy in sufficient details in physiotherapy curriculum. Properly designed research cum intervention studies are necessary to understand the gaps in knowledge and attitudinal problems and take remedial measures.

Rol del fisioterapeuta en el entorno escolar. Revisión sistemática / Role of the physiotherapist in the school environment. Systematic review

Resumen Introducción: el rol del fisioterapeuta en el entorno escolar, como profesional partícipe en el desarrollo neuromotor del niño y su proceso de aprendizaje, se observa como un campo profesional desde un enfoque no clínico, convirtiéndose en una oportunidad de generación de nuevas alternativas laborales y conocimientos disciplinares. Esta investigación se orienta con el objetivo de analizar el rol del fisioterapeuta en el entorno escolar. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, Lilacs y Google Scholar, desde el inicio de las bases de datos hasta octubre del 2019. Los criterios de selección fueron previamente definidos según la edad de la población y el tema del artículo. Resultados: de los 9 artículos incluidos, las principales actividades encontradas se refieren a la promoción de la actividad física, psicomotricidad, inclusión escolar, rehabilitación en la escuela y asesoría a los docentes. De los roles encontrados, el de mayor frecuencia es el de facilitador de la inclusión escolar, dado que es la actividad más visibilizada. Conclusiones: de las 5 actividades identificadas del fisioterapeuta en la escuela, se destaca, principalmente, la inclusión escolar y la asesoría al docente. Sin embargo, la labor como promotor de la actividad física cobra importancia en la intervención del fisioterapeuta en la salud pública. REGISTRO PROSPERO CRD42020160617.

Summary Introduction: The role of the physiotherapist in the school environment as a professional participates in the neuromotor development of the child and their learning process, it is observed as a professional field from a non-clinical approach, becoming an opportunity to generate new work alternatives and disciplinary knowledge. This research is oriented with the objective of analyzing the role of the physiotherapist in the school environment. Methodology: A systematic search was carried out in the databases PUBMED, Scopus, PeDRO, Lylacs and google scholar, from the beginning until October 2019. The selection criteria were previously defined regarding the age of the population and the subject of the article. Results: Of the 9 articles included, the main activities found refer to the promotion of physical activity, psychomotor skills, school inclusion, rehabilitation at school and advice to teachers. Of the roles found, the one with the highest frequency is that of facilitator of school inclusion, since it is the most visible activity. Conclusions: Of the 5 activities identified by the physiotherapist in the school, school inclusion and teacher counseling stand out mainly. However, the work as a promoter of physical activity becomes important in the intervention of the physiotherapist in public health. REGISTER PROSPERO CRD42020160617.

Mobilização precoce a prática do fisioterapeuta intensivista: intervenções e barreiras / Early mobilization intensivist physiotherapy practice: interventions and barriers

INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) requerem longos períodos de internação, estando submetidos ao imobilismo, que resulta em perda significativa de massa muscular. A mobilização precoce é uma terapêutica realizada no ambiente de UTI e tem como objetivo diminuir o comprometimento funcional decorrente do período de internação. OBJETIVO: Analisar a prática de mobilização precoce realizada pelo fisioterapeuta intensivista, identificar as principais intervenções utilizadas por esses profissionais e descrever as barreiras encontradas que inviabilizam a prática da mobilização precoce, em pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. METODOLOGIA: Estudo de campo, quantitativo e transversal, realizado entre fevereiro e maio de 2020, com fisioterapeutas intensivistas de três hospitais na cidade de Fortaleza, a saber dois deles são da rede pública (um municipal e outro estadual) e o outro de rede privada. Foram inclusos no estudo fisioterapeutas intensivistas atuantes nos hospitais mencionados e que possuam vínculo com a instituição. Foram excluídos os fisioterapeutas na função de residentes, estagiários e preceptores presentes. Para coleta de dados foi utilizado o formulário eletrônico on-line viabilizada por meio do aplicativo Google Forms. Os dados foram analisados e tabulados através do Software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 20.0. A estatística descritiva, com frequências absolutas e relativas foi utilizada para caracterizar o perfil da amostra estudada. Os testes estatísticos aplicados foram o Qui-Quadrado para determinar diferenças nas respostas dos critérios de segurança e barreiras para implementação da mobilização precoce e o tempo de experiência em unidade de terapia intensiva e o Kruskal-Wallis para comparar as intervenções de mobilização precoce entre grupos de Fisioterapeutas dos três hospitais. RESULTADOS: Participaram da pesquisa 68 fisioterapeutas, a maioria (36,8%) com tempo de atuação na terapia intensiva de 6 a 10 anos. O gerenciamento da mobilização precoce é realizado em sua maioria apenas pelo fisioterapeuta. Acerca da utilização de escalas funcionais utilizadas em UTI, a Medical Research Council (MRC) foi a mais citada pelos profissionais com (67,7%). A estratégia de mobilização mais utilizada foi a sedestação (91,2%). O desconforto respiratório foi a situação clínica mais citada para a interrupção da mobilização precoce (83,8%). CONCLUSÃO: As intervenções mais frequentes foram a sedestação, uso do cicloergômetro e transferências leito poltrona. As barreiras relacionadas ao paciente foram a instabilidade hemodinâmica, uso de drogas sedativas e analgésicas.

INTRODUCTION: Patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) require long periods of hospitalization, being subjected to immobilization, which results in significant loss of muscle mass. Early mobilization is a therapy performed in the ICU environment and aims to reduce functional impairment resulting from hospitalization. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the practice of early mobilization performed by the intensive care physiotherapist, identify the main interventions used by these professionals, and describe the barriers found that make early mobilization unfeasible in patients admitted to intensive care units. METHODOLOGY: Field study, quantitative and transversal, carried out between February and May 2020, with intensive care physiotherapists from three hospitals in the city of Fortaleza, namely two of them are from the public network (one municipal and the other state) and the other from the private network. Intensive care physiotherapists working in the mentioned hospitals and who have a link with the institution were included in the study. Physiotherapists in the role of residents, interns, and preceptors present were excluded. For data collection, the online electronic form was made possible through the Google Forms application. The data were analyzed and tabulated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. The chi-square statistical tests were to determine differences in the responses of the safety criteria and barriers to the implementation of early mobilization and the length of experience in the intensive care unit and Kruskal-Wallis to compare early mobilization interventions between groups of physiotherapists from the three hospitals. RESULTS: 68 physiotherapists participated in the research, the majority (36.8%) having worked in intensive care for 6 to 10 years. The management of early mobilization is performed mostly by the physiotherapist. Regarding functional scales used in the ICU, the Medical Research Council (MRC) was the most cited by professionals with (67.7%). The most used mobilization strategy was sedestation (91.2%). Respiratory distress was the most frequently cited clinical situation for interrupting early mobilization (83.8%). CONCLUSION: The most frequent interventions were sedation, the cycle ergometer, and transfers from an armchair bed. The patient-related barriers were hemodynamic instability, use of sedative and analgesic drugs.

Patients Adherence to Physiotherapist Prescribed Self-management Strategies: A Physical Therapist’s Perspective

Background:Few studies have been done in India about factors which can influence patient’s adherence to self-management protocol and a physiotherapist’s view on subject of adherence.Material & Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted via a self-made questionnaire consisting of 20 items. Fifty final BPT and 1styear post graduate students were asked to choosethemost appropriate answer from options given. Descriptive analysis was done using Google Forms.Results:62% strongly agreed that self-management is important. Good self-management strategies should have clarity of instructions (66%), beproper and should be easy to follow (50%). 86% believed proper communication skills, strategy prescription, knowledge, monitoring and follow up by therapist will help patient adhere to strategies. Willingness to exercise (48%), Positive belief in exercise(44%) and Age(56%) were thought to influence patient adherence. Stigma associated with disability (52%), poor inter-professional relation (86%), are barriers. Properly educating the patient about his condition(96%), involving the family members(92%) were believed to be facilitators. 46% therapists agreed that a passive approach should not be used. 54% strongly disagreed they don’t have time to assess patient adherence.Conclusion:Physiotherapists agree that patient’s adherence to physiotherapist prescribed self-management strategies is essential for clinical practice. There is a need to use different approaches to increase patient adherence.

Kinesiólogos frente a la pandemia de COVID-19: ¿Cuál es su rol? / Physiotherapists in COVID-19: what is their role?

Resumen El impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 a nivel social, económico y sanitario no tiene precedentes. Sólo en Chile hasta el mes de julio de 2020, más de 340.000 personas han contraído la enfermedad y alrededor de 9.000 han fallecido por esta causa. Esta crisis sanitaria ha llevado a una adaptación en todo el sistema de salud y toma de medidas extraordinarias para poder cubrir dichas necesidades. El kinesiólogo como profesional de la salud constituye una pieza fundamental en la atención de estos pacientes. Su rol se ha visto reflejado en las distintas etapas de la enfermedad desde la atención primaria y urgencia hasta la atención de pacientes en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y posterior al alta hospitalaria. Además de su rol clínico asistencial, el kinesiólogo es capaz de contribuir en áreas de educación, promoción, gestión en salud e investigación científica, aspectos que podrían ser esenciales en el manejo de la pandemia. Es deber del kinesiólogo considerar esta oportunidad y asumir los múltiples desafíos derivados de la pandemia para comprometerse y otorgar respuestas a las necesidades sanitarias actuales.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social, economic, and health levels is unprecedented. In Chile alone until July 2020, more than 340,000 people have tested positive and around 9,000 have died because of it. This health crisis has led to different adaptations in the health system and extraordinary measures have been taken to meet these needs. The physiotherapist as a health professional constitutes a fundamental piece in the care of these patients. Its role has been reflected in all disease's stages, from the emergency room to the intensive care unit and after hospital discharge. In addition to his clinical-attendance role, the physiotherapist may contribute in different areas such as education, health promotion, health management, and scientific research, aspects that could be essential in managing the pandemic. As physiotherapist responsibility, we should consider this opportunity and assume the multiple challenges derived from the pandemic to commit and provide answers to current health needs.

The Importance of the Physical Therapist’s Performance in the Family Health Support Center

ntroduction: Created from Brazilian social and sanitary movements, the Unified Health System (SUS) has changed the concept of health, its management, and how society should actively participate in this process. Portrait n. 154, dated January 24, 2008, created the Family Health Support Centers (NASF), and with it emerged the need to organize the professional practices of Physical Therapy in all actions of its responsibility, through the Health Strategy ofthe family. Physical Therapy in Basic Health Care is a process under construction that faces challenges since the physiotherapist is trained for rehabilitation.Objective: To demonstrate significantly the importance of the physiotherapist in the Family Health Support Center Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative bibliographic review with an exploratory design, carried out through a bibliographical survey related to the theme The Importance of Physical Therapist Performance in the Family Health Support Center, published since 2006, in the Portuguese language. The descriptors were: Physiotherapist; Family Health; Primary Health Care; Public health for search. The exclusion attributes were: publications inferior to the year 2006 and that flee from the selected theme. The surveys will be carried out in the following databases, Medline, VBS, Lilacs, Scielo, Google Scholar, and Official Sites of the Government of Brazil.Conclusion: The physiotherapist when inserted within the NASF (Family Health Support Nucleus) team is a fundamental piece, fulfilling its role in primary care investing in the promotion and prevention of diseases and their diseases, recovery, rehabilitation and quality improvement of life of the population, with an integral practice that perpasses by the education in health, reception, individual attendance. The literary shortage when the subject is Basic Attention mainly in what concerns the NASF, making difficult the understanding of the importance and the role of preventive Physiotherapy in this context. For physiotherapy to be increasingly recognized, the training of professionals capable of acting in this area should be encouraged.

A Cross Sectional Study To Find Out Quality Of Life Of Urban Professional Physiotherapists

Background: The present study is the survey to gather information regarding quality of life (QOL) and its influencing factors among urban professional physiotherapists. AIM: This study is designed to help us as a community to understand our problems and address them to have better work- life balance. Objective: This study is solely done to highlight problems faced by physiotherapists, which should be tackled as earliest, thereby helping in professional growth. METHOD: Cross sectional study. Result: Average mean score of QOL of urban professional physiotherapists is 52.38 while most urban professional physiotherapists have QOL score (mode) of 53.85 with median of 52.44. Conclusion: This study concludes that QOL scores of urban professional physiotherapists remain mostly on lower side. Item analysis showed that emotional problem domain is severely affected followed by physical health domain.

Characteristic of Physiotherapists Certification in Canada and Implication for China / 中国康复理论与实践

This article researched on the regulator, accreditation institution, basic conditions of physiotherapists' certification, and the main contents of the examination in Canada. It was found that the Canadian physiotherapists' qualification certification has the characteristics of emphasizing professional literacy, emphasizing the assessment of clinical practice ability and strict and impartial assessment process. For certification of physiotherapists' professional qualification in China, it is important to focus on professional literacy, emphasize clinical practice ability, and make process fair and accurate.

Intervenções fisioterapêuticas na função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica / Physiotherapeutic interventions in pulmonary function of patients submitted to bariatric surgery

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi buscar na literatura evidências sobre intervenções utilizadas pela fisioterapia em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos: As buscas foram realizadas nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2018, através do acesso online em bases de dados: Pubmed/Medline, PEDro, Scielo e Lilacs. Utilizou estratégia PICo, onde foram definidos: População (P): Obesidade Mórbida; Interesse (I): Prática baseada em evidências; Contexto (Co): estudos de intervenções. Resultados: Através das estratégias de busca foram encontrados 951 artigos. Após leitura dos resumos, observados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram excluí­dos um total de 901, restando 50 artigos que foram lidos na í­ntegra e, em seguida, elegeram-se 10 estudos. As evidências das intervenções do treinamento muscular respiratório podem ser observadas nos ensaios clí­nicos contendo bom rigor metodológico. O treinamento muscular respiratório pode ser considerado como uma intervenção, juntamente com outras terapêuticas (dois ní­veis de pressão ­ Bilevel) que compõem o tratamento de pacientes submetidos í cirurgia bariátrica, auxiliando na obtenção de resultados satisfatórios. Conclusão: O ní­vel de evidência atualmente disponí­veis do impacto das intervenções fisioterapêuticas, como o treinamento muscular respiratório, na função pulmonar de pacientes submetidos í cirurgia bariátrica se mostrou alto. A análise metodológica realizada neste estudo mostrou poucos números de estudos de ensaios clí­nicos, retratando a real necessidade de novos estudos que possam integrar a pratica clí­nica. (AU)

The objective of this study was to search in the literature for evidence on interventions used by physical therapy in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: The study was performed in January and February 2018, through online access in databases: Pubmed/Medline, PEDro, Scielo and Lilacs. It was used the PICo strategy, and it was defined: Population (P): Morbid Obesity; Interest (I): Evidence-based practice; Context (Co): intervention studies. Results: We found 951 articles. After reading the abstracts and observing inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 901 were excluded, remaining 50 articles that were read in full, and then 10 studies were chosen. Evidence from respiratory muscle training interventions can be observed in clinical trials with good methodological rigor. Respiratory muscular training can be considered as an intervention, along with other therapeutics (two levels of pressure - Bilevel) that make up the treatment of patients undergoing bariatric surgery, helping to obtain satisfactory results. Conclusion: The level of evidence currently available on the impact of physiotherapeutic interventions, like respiratory muscular training, on lung function in patients undergoing bariatric surgery was high. The methodological analysis performed in this study showed few clinical trial studies, showing the real need for new studies that could integrate clinical practice. (AU)

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practice among the post graduate students of dentistry and physiotherapy towards adverse drug reactions reporting and pharmacovigilance at a tertiary care centre at Indore, India

Background: Pharmacovigilance knowledge and training in post graduate student doctors is key factor for proper implementation of PvPI. Often the dentists and physiotherapists who are also one of the main stakeholders for ADR reporting are neglected for training and knowledge regarding pharmacovigilance. This study was planned to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of pharmacovigilance in post graduate students in tertiary care centre in Indore.Methods: It was a single point cross sectional questionnaire-based study conducted in a tertiary care Institute MGM Medical College and M.Y. Hospital in the state of Madhya Pradesh at Indore. It was conducted among post graduate student doctors from dentistry and physiotherapy. Total of 55 questionnaires were distributed, 50 of them were returned back and were analysed.Results: Overall knowledge level was average. 90% knew about ADR while 80% were aware about PVPI. 10% knew about local AMC at Indore while only 04% knew global centre for Pharmacovigilance is at Sweden Uppsala. 88% thought Med watch as global database for ADR against only 12% knew its Vigibase. 90% thought ADR reporting is necessary. 96% thought it should be included in UG curriculum. 98% had not reported any ADR till date while 84% had not seen an ADR form.Conclusions: Post graduate doctors are the prime candidates to impart the importance of pharmacovigilance. The study strongly suggested that there was a great need to create awareness and impart training among the post graduate doctors to improve the reporting of ADRs.

Occupational Status of Physiotherapists in Four Regions in Asia / 中国康复理论与实践

@#After retrieving the databases, as well as the official websites of institutes and administrations of physiotherapists, the qualifications, working conditions and professional development in Chinese Taiwan, Chinese Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan were investigated and analyzed.

Occupational Condition of Physiotherapists in Seven Countries / 中国康复理论与实践

@#After retrieving the databases, as well as the official websites of institutes and administrations of physiotherapists, the qualifications, working conditions and career development in different countries, such as United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, Ireland and South Africa, were investigated and analyzed, which may give some implication for the improvement of physiotherapists system in China.

Ámbito laboral de fisioterapeutas vinculadas a la Red Pública de Atención en Salud, en los hospitales de Bogotá / Workplace of physiotherapists from the Public Health Care Network of hospitals in Bogota

RESUMEN Objetivo Caracterizar el ámbito laboral de los y las fisioterapeutas en el sector público de Salud en Bogotá, Colombia. Material y Métodos Se considera como ámbito laboral el territorio social donde transcurre la vida cotidiana de las personas en la realización de actividades productivas. Se diseñó un estudio de tipo exploratorio cuali-cuantitativo. Se seleccionó una muestra de conveniencia de fisioterapeutas que laboran en la red pública de salud de Bogotá y se aplicó una encuesta previamente estandarizada con las variables pertinentes sobre el ámbito laboral. Resultados Se realizaron 27 encuestas personalizadas. Predomina la contratación por tiempo definido sobre los contratos por tiempo indefinido. La remuneración es baja. Se desempeñan principalmente en áreas de manejo asistencial como consulta externa y hospitalización. La formación posgraduada es escasa. Conclusiones Se describen de manera amplia características específicas del ámbito laboral de fisioterapia, con respecto a otros estudios. Debe conocerse de forma directa las necesidades del talento humano para aportar al mejoramiento de las condiciones que se dan en el ámbito laboral. Es preciso desarrollar las normas laborales del talento humano en fisioterapia, las condiciones de trabajo y la remuneración en las instituciones públicas de salud.(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective To characterize the workplace of physiotherapists in the public health sector in Bogotá, Colombia. Material and Methods The workplace is considered as a social territory where the daily lives of people in productive activities area take place. A qualitative and quantitative exploratory study was designed. A convenience sample of physiotherapists working in the public health system of Bogotá was selected and a previously standardized survey, with relevant variables on the workplace, was applied. Results 27 customized surveys were conducted. Fixed-term contracts outnumbered open-ended contracts. The pay is low. Physiotherapists work mainly in healthcare management areas such as outpatient consultation and hospitalization. Postgraduate training is scarce. Conclusions Specific characteristics of the workplace of physiotherapists are described broadly and are compared to other studies. It is necessary to recognize the needs of human talent to contribute to the improvement of conditions in the workplace. Work standards for human talent in physiotherapy, working conditions and remuneration in public health institutions need to be developed.(AU)

Relevant chemistry topics for the clinical practice of a physiotherapist / Tópicos de química relevantes para la práctica clínica de un fisioterapeuta / Tópicos químicos relevantes para a prática clínica de um fisioterapeuta

Physiotherapist is a discipline whose aim is to preserve, restore, and improve the health status of individuals with motor disturbances or at risk of developing and to improve the quality of life of people and community. The aim of this article was to determine which are the most important topics of general organic and biological chemistry courses within the physiotherapist undergraduate career at the University Bernardo O´Higgins. For this purpose we followed a model of qualitative study, applied in two different groups of people: educators of the physiotherapist career (PE) and clinical physiotherapist (CP), who were asked about the importance of topics related to chemistry courses, general, organic and biological (GOB courses). Each participant must choose a category for each topic: "important", "relevant" or "not important" for a physiotherapist clinical activity. Results show that the more frequently topics considered as "important" in both groups were from biological chemical course: proteins and its metabolism. Secondly, none of the interviewed subjects considered any of the topics of the course of organic chemistry as "important" for the clinical activity of a physiotherapist. Thus, the aim of the study is widely fulfilled and it might be concluded that future studies are required involving a larger sample size in these and other universities that will generate results for a good curricular articulation.

La fisioterapia es una disciplina cuyo objetivo es conservar, restaurar y mejorar la salud de los individuos que presentan o tienen riesgo de tener alteraciones motoras. El objetivo de este artículo fue determinar cuáles son los tópicos más importantes de química general, orgánica y biológica para la práctica clínica en la carrera de fisioterapia en la Universidad Bernardo O´Higgins. Para lo anterior se siguió un modelo de estudio cualitativo aplicado en dos grupos de personas: educadores de la carrera de fisioterapia (PE) y fisioterapistas clínicos (CP) que fueron encuestados en relación a los tópicos de los cursos de química general, orgánica y biológica, denominados cursos GOB. Cada participante debía elegir una categoría: "importante", "relevante" y "no importante" de acuerdo a la práctica clínica para cada uno de los tópicos preguntados. Los tópicos que presentaron mayor frecuencia como "importante" en ambos grupos entrevistados fueron tópicos del curso de química biológica: proteínas y su metabolismo. Además, ninguno de los encuestados consideró ninguno de los tópicos del curso de química orgánica como "importante" para la actividad clínica de los fisioterapistas. El objetivo del estudio se cumplió completamente y se puede concluir que son necesarios estudios a futuro que involucren mayor cantidad de encuestados de esta y otras universidades, de este modo se generarán más resultados para una buena articulación curricular.

A terapia física é uma disciplina cujo objetivo é conservar, restaurar e melhorar a saúde dos indivíduos que têm um estado de risco de comprometimento motor. O objetivo deste artigo foi determinar quais são os temas mais importantes da química geral, orgânica e biológica para a prática clínica na carreira de fisioterapia na Universidade Bernardo O'Higgins. Para o anterior efetuo-se um estudo qualitativo aplicado a dois grupos de pessoas: educadores da carreira de fisioterapia (PE) e fisioterapeutas clínicos (CP). Eles foram entrevistados em relação aos temas dos cursos de química geral, orgânica e biológica, chamados cursos GOB. Cada participante devia escolher uma categoria: "importante", "relevante" e "sem importância" de acordo com a prática clínica para cada um dos temas questionados. Os temas mais frequentemente apresentados como "importante" em ambos grupos entrevistados foram os temas do curso de química biológica: proteínas e metabolismo. Além disso, nenhum dos inquiridos considerou qualquer dos tópicos do curso em química orgânica como "importante" para a atividade clínica dos fisioterapeutas. O objetivo do estudo foi completamente cumprido, e pode-se concluir que são necessários estudos futuros envolvendo um maior número de entrevistados nesta e em outras universidades, desse jeito se gerarão mais resultados para uma boa articulação curricular.

Efficacy of Physiotherapist after Total Knee Arthroplasty

PURPOSE: The range of motion (ROM) of the knee and the satisfaction rate after total knee arthroplasty are the most important factors when evaluating the result of an operation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the ROM and the functional outcome of these patients increase after joint exercise that is performed by special physiotherapists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 200 cases of 120 patients, who underwent total knee replacement arthroplasty for osteoarthritis between August 2006 and May 2008, were enrolled in this study. These cases were randomly divided into 3 groups. Only CPM (continuous passive movement) and MSE (muscle strengthening exercise) were performed after KTA in the first group. In the second group, pROME was performed by physical therapists in our rehabilitation institution during the hospital stay, as well as CPM and MSE. CPM, MSE and pROME were performed by special physiotherapists during the hospital stay and also in the outpatient department after being discharged from the hospital in the third group. We compared the results of these groups. RESULTS: The range of motion was not increased among the groups. On the other hand, the third group showed a significantly higher functional outcome, as compared to that of the first and second groups. Conclusion: Although the range of motion of the knee joint was not increased enough to achieve statistical significance, the functional outcome showed significant increases with the pROME performed by physiotherapists. This result demonstrates that the knee exercises performed by special physiotherapists are useful and they can yield good outcomes in patients who underwent TKA.

Poliomielite, filantropia e fisioterapia: o nascimento da profissão de fisioterapeuta no Rio de Janeiro dos anos 1950 / Poliomyelitis, philanthropy and physiotherapy: the birth of the career of physiotherapist in Rio de Janeiro in the 1950s

As epidemias de poliomielite no país e especialmente no Rio de Janeiro deixaram centenas de crianças com seqüelas durante os anos 1950. O clamor social diante da epidemia de poliomielite, as matérias na imprensa e a associação de médicos experientes a empresários, industriais, banqueiros e familiares das vítimas de poliomielite criaram as condições para o surgimento de uma entidade filantrópica de luta contra a paralisia infantil. A Associação Brasileira Beneficente de Reabilitação (ABBR) foi fundada em 1954 e, dois anos depois, criou a Escola de Reabilitação do Rio de Janeiro (ERRJ), a primeira instituição a formar fisioterapeutas em nível superior no país. Este artigo realiza uma análise sociohistórica da profissionalização da fisioterapia no Rio de Janeiro, ao longo do processo de criação e reconhecimento da ERRJ. Ao final, conclui-se que a epidemia de poliomielite teve papel central na criação da Escola de Reabilitação e que esta instituição, por sua vez, influenciou fortemente no reconhecimento e na profissionalização da fisioterapia no país.

The polio epidemics in the country and especially in Rio de Janeiro left hundreds of children with sequels in the 1950s. The public outcry over the polio epidemic, the reports in the press and the association of experienced physicians with businessmen, bankers and relatives of victims created the conditions for the emergence of a philanthropic entity to combat infantile paralysis. The Brazilian Beneficent Association of Rehabilitation (BBAR) was founded in 1954, and two years later the association created the School of Rehabilitation of Rio de Janeiro (SRRJ), the first institution to graduate physiotherapists in the country. This article presents a socio-historical analysis of the establishment of physiotherapy as a profession in Rio de Janeiro in the course of the creation and accreditation of the School of Rehabilitation. It is concluded that the polio epidemics played a central role in the creation of the School of Rehabilitation and that conversely this institution had a strong influence in the recognition of physiotherapy as a health profession in the country.

La relación terapeuta-paciente en la práctica fisioterapéutica / Therapist-Patient Relationship in Physiotherapy Practice

El estudio de la relación fisioterapeuta-paciente es de gran interés, pues a diferencia de otros profesionales de la salud, el fisioterapeuta tiene un contacto corporal directo con el paciente, lo que no es usual en los servicios de atención en salud. Así que identificar y analizar los mecanismos que hacen posible esta relación, permite avanzar en la comprensión de los mecanismos de interacción, de los elementos de poder presentes y de las posiciones relativas de cada actor, producto del bagaje social y cultural de cada uno de ellos. Se busca propiciar una mirada crítica a la manera de interactuar en la sesión de tratamiento, para redimensionar la práctica profesional del fisioterapeuta desde referentes sociales y culturales. En esta primera fase emergen categorías de estudio alrededor del lenguaje corporal, la comunicación verbal y los factores del ambiente que afectan la relación, como los ejes de análisis para el proceso de interpretación de la segunda fase.

The study of the patient-physiotherapist relationship is of great interest, because unlike another health-care professional, the physio therapist is supposed to have a closer corporal contact than the others. Through the analysis and identification of the process involved in this relationship, is possible to get a better comprehension about the relative positions and the elements of power used in each role assumed, associated with their social and cultural background. The proposal is having a critical view of the interactions during a treatment session in order to give new dimensions and possibilities to the professional practice, having in account social and cultural references. In this paper is presented the first study phase, with the emerging conceptual categories, related to body language, verbal communication, surrounding and cultural factors. The influences in the therapist-patient relationship are discussed for being analyzed and interpreted in the second phase.