Pediatric endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (PEPSiT): technical description and initial experience / Tratamento endoscópico pediátrico do seio pilonidal (PePSiT, em inglês): Descrição técnica e experiência inicial

Pilonidal sinus is an acquired condition characterized by lesions at the median or paramedic intergluteal crease resulting form in grown hair at the subcutaneous, deep sacrococcygeal issue. Multiple surgicalmethods havebeen described, the optimal pilonidal sinus treatment remains controversial. The preset retrospective study reports outcome form pediatric endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment in patient under 18 years old. (AU)

O seio pilonidal é uma condição adquirida caracterizada por lesões na prega interglútea mediana ou paramédica, resultando em cabelo crescido na área subcutânea e profunda do sacrococcígeo. Vários métodos cirúrgicos foram descritos, o tratamento ideal do seio pilonidal permanece controverso. O estudo retrospectivo predefinido relata os resultados do tratamento endoscópico do seio pilonidal pediátrico em pacientes com menos de 18 anos de idade. (AU)

Modified endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSiT): personal experience / Tratamento endoscópico do cisto pilonidal modificado (EPSiT): experiência pessoal

Abstract Pilonidal disease is common problem in the sacrococcygeal region, especially among young adults. The optimal surgical approach is debatable. Herein, we present our experience in management of recurrent pilonidal disease using the endoscopic approach.

Resumo A doença pilonidal é um problema comum na região sacrococcígea, principalmente em adultos jovens. A literatura ainda não apresenta consenso quanto à abordagem cirúrgica ideal. Aqui, os autores apresentam sua experiência no tratamento de doença pilonidal recorrente usando a abordagem endoscópica.

Surgical treatment of pilonidal disease / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To study the surgical treatment of the pilonidal disease.Methods The clinical data of 33 cases of the pilonidal disease were retrospectively analyzed from Jul 2007 to Feb 2014.18 cases were treated with Excision and Marsupialization,and 15 cases were treated with Rhomboid excision and Limberg flap.Results All 18 cases in the excision and marsupialization group,were cured by surgery.all 15 cases in the rhomboid excision and Limberg flap group were cured,five of these cases were delayed healing dehiscence or necrosis,all this cases were healed after dressing drainage.The average healing time of the Limberg flap group was shorter than that of the Marsupialization group[(19 ±7) d vs.(37 ± 12) d,t =6.556,P ＜ 0.01].Postoperative recurrence of the Marsupialization group was 1 case,the recurrence rate was 5.6％,and there was no recurrence after Limberg flap transfer.The recurrence rate of the 2 groups was statistically insignificant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The excision and marsupialization and the rhomboid excision and Limberg flap are effective in the treatment of the pilonidal disease,and the Limberg flap transfer is recommended in complicated and recurrence cases.

Operación de Bascom para el tratamiento de la enfermedad pilonidal sacrococcígea abscedada: experiencia inicial / Bascom operation for the treatment of abscessed pilonidal sacrococcygeal disease: initial experience

Resumen Introducción: Una de las formas de presentación de la enfermedad pilonidal sacrococcígea (EPSC) es el absceso, para el que existen distintas alternativas de tratamiento. Objetivo: Presentar nuestra experiencia con la técnica de Bascom para el tratamiento de la EPSC abscedada. Material y Método: Serie prospectiva, consecutiva y no aleatoria. Incluye todos los pacientes mayores de 15 años que presentan un absceso o supuración masiva al momento de la cirugía. Resultados: La serie corresponde a 10 pacientes, 7 de género masculino. No se encuentran los factores de riesgo reconocidos por la literatura como riesgo de EPSC. Ocho pacientes mejoran completamente en un período máximo de 18 días y 2 presentan supuración persistente, por lo que se considera fracaso del tratamiento. Estos son sometidos a una segunda cirugía con otra técnica, con curación de la enfermedad. Conclusión: La técnica de Bascom es sencilla, segura y ofrece una curación de un 80% en un período corto de cicatrización.

Introduction: One of the form of presentation of the sacral coccygeal pilonidal disease is the abscess, for this cases there are various treatment alternatives. Objective: We present our experience with Bascom technique for the treatment of pilonidal abscess. Material and Method: Prospective, consecutive, non-randomized series. It includes all patients older than 15 years who have an abscess or mass discharge at the time of surgery. Results: The series consists of 10 patients, 7 males. They are not risk factors recognized in the literature as risk of pilonidal disease. Eight patients completely better within a maximum period of 18 days and two with persistent discharge by what is considered treatment failure. They were subjected to a second surgery treatment with another technique with good results. Conclusion: Bascom's technique is simple, safe and offers a 80% cure in a short period of healing.

Pilonidal Abscess Associated With Primary Actinomycosis

Pilonidal disease in the sacrococcygeal region usually presents as abscesses, recurrent inflammation, cellulitis or fistula tracks. However, few reports on actinomycosis affecting pilonidal sinuses have been published. We report a case of a 25-year-old woman who presented with a pilonidal abscess who underwent surgical drainage and debridement. Pus from the pilonidal abscess was sent for microbiology, which grew actinomyces turicensis associated with prevotella bivia and peptostreptococci. She was treated with oral amoxicillin-clavulanate after surgical drainage for one week and recovered well. Actinomycosis associated with pilonidal abscesses, though uncommon, should be recognized and can be satisfactorily treated with a combination of surgical drainage and antibiotics.

Tratamiento de la enfermedad pilonidal crónica. Comparación de 3 técnicas quirúrgicas / Treatment of chronic pilonidal disease. Comparison of 3 surgical techniques

Introducción: actualmente no existe una técnica “gold standard” para el tratamiento definitivo de la enfermedad pilonidal crónica. Las técnicas empleadas en nuestro servicio son la técnica de Karydakis, Colgajo Romboidal y una variante de la técnica de Soll y col. a la que denominamos “Técnica de preservación cutánea”. Objetivo: evaluar y comparar la eficacia de las técnicas de Karydakis (TK), Colgajo de Limberg (CL) y de Preservación cutánea (PC) en el tratamiento de la enfermedad pilonidal crónica. Material y Métodos: estudio retrospectivo sobre 136 pacientes operados por enfermedad pilonidal crónica en el Sanatorio Allende, entre Enero del 2006 y Septiembre del 2013, basado en revisión de historias clínicas y entrevista telefónica. Se incluyeron 125 pacientes, 38 operados mediante CL, 50 con TK, y 37 con PC. Se excluyeron 11 pacientes por enfermedad pilonidal supurada. Las variables de evaluación primarias fueron el tiempo operatorio, complicaciones postoperatorias, tasa de recidiva; y las secundarias fueron el tiempo de reincorporación a actividades normales y deportivas, y el grado de satisfacción del paciente. Los test estadísticos empleados fueron el análisis de varianza, el postest de Tukey y Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: el tiempo quirúrgico fue menor en el grupo TK (37 min) en comparación con el grupo CL (53 min) (p0.05) aunque la reincorporación a actividades deportivas fue más prolongada en el grupo TK (43 días) respecto de los otros dos grupos (32 días) (p=0,042)...

Introduction: actually, there is no consensus as to the optimal surgical operation for sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease. The techniques used in our institution are Karydakis flap reconstruction, Limberg flap transposition, and a modified Soll et al procedure, which includes sinusectomy with primary closure called “Cutaneous preservation technique”. Objectives: to evaluate and to compare the efficacy and morbidity of Karydakis flap reconstruction (KF), Limberg flap transposition (LF) and Cutaneous preservation technique (CP) in the treatment of chronic pilonidal sinus disease. Patients and methods: a retrospective study was performed in 136 consecutive patients operated for chronic pilonidal sinus disease at Sanatorio Allende between January 2006 and September 2013, using KF, LF and CP procedures. Eleven patients were excluded for presenting suppurated pilonidal disease. One hundred and twenty five patients were included, 50 in the KF, 38 in LF and 37 in the CP group. Primary endpoints included operation time, complications and recurrence rates. Secondary end-points were healing time, return to normal and sports activities and degree of patient’s satisfaction. Data was obtained via a revision of digital clinical history and a standardized telephone interview. Statistical tests used were Anova with Tukeypost test and Chi-square test. Results: operating time was shorter in the KT group (37 min) compared with LF group (53min) (p0.05). However, return to sports activities was delayed in KF group (43 days), compared with LF and PC group (32 days) (p=0,042)...

Quiste pilonidal abscedado: tratamiento definitivo en un solo tiempo durante el episodio agudo, resultados a corto plazo / Pilonidal cyst abscess: definitive treatment in a single time during the acute, short-term results

Sacrococcigeal Pilonidal disease (EPSC) is a chronic inflammatory disease with intercurrent periods of abscess formation. Habitual behavior is the management in two stages, characterized by drainage and delayed management using different techniques. Objective: To show the treatment in a single time (definitive) of the EPSC abscessed with the technique of Mc Fee. Materials and Methods: Prospective study. 20 patients with abscessed EPSC were admitted in the Hospital of Los Angeles, between april 2009 - april 2010, who underwent Mc Fee technique as definitive treatment. Average follow up of 197 days. Results: Of 20 patients, 11 were females. Average age 28.2 years. BMI 27.5. The average hospital stay was 1.7 days. The average time walk without pain was of 6.6 days. Postoperative pain was low in most subjects. The total healing time was 34.9 days on average. The satisfaction with the scar was high in 90 percent. Discussion and Conclusion: In this study the technique of Mc Fee is presented as an alternative for definitive treatment in a single time. Success in all areas, such pain, postoperative recovery, complications and cosmetic out come. The follow up must be longer to determine the existence of long term recurrences.

La enfermedad pilonidal sacrococcigea (EPSC) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que cursa con períodos intercurrentes de abscedación. La conducta habitual es el manejo en dos tiempos, caracterizado por drenaje y manejo diferido mediante distintas técnicas. Objetivo: Mostrar los resultados del tratamiento definitivo en un tiempo en la EPSC abscedada mediante la técnica de Mc Fee. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal con recolección prospectiva de datos. 20 pacientes con EPSC abscedada en el Hospital de Los Ángeles, entre abril de 2009 - abril de 2010, sometidos a técnica de Mc Fee como tratamiento definitivo. Seguimiento promedio de 197 días. Resultados: Total 20 pacientes, 11 de sexo femenino. Edad promedio 28,2 años. IMC 27,5. La hospitalización promedio fue de 1,7 días. El tiempo promedio de caminata sin dolor 6,6 días. El dolor postoperatorio fue bajo en la mayoría de los sujetos. El tiempo de curación total 34,9 días promedio. La satisfacción con la cicatriz, alta en 90 por ciento. Discusión y Conclusión: En este trabajo la técnica de Mc Fee se presenta como una alternativa para el tratamiento definitivo en un solo tiempo mostrando resultados satisfactorios en todos los ámbitos, como son dolor, recuperación posoperatoria, complicaciones y resultado estético. El seguimiento debe prolongarse para determinar la existencia de recidivas.

Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease: analysis of previously proposed risk factors

PURPOSE: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease is a source of one of the most common surgical problems among young adults. While male gender, obesity, occupations requiring sitting, deep natal clefts, excessive body hair, poor body hygiene and excessive sweating are described as the main risk factors for this disease, most of these need to be verified with a clinical trial. The present study aimed to evaluate the value and effect of these factors on pilonidal disease. METHOD: Previously proposed main risk factors were evaluated in a prospective case control study that included 587 patients with pilonidal disease and 2,780 healthy control patients. RESULTS: Stiffness of body hair, number of baths and time spent seated per day were the three most predictive risk factors. Adjusted odds ratios were 9.23, 6.33 and 4.03, respectively (p<0.001). With an adjusted odds ratio of 1.3 (p<.001), body mass index was another risk factor. Family history was not statistically different between the groups and there was no specific occupation associated with the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Hairy people who sit down for more than six hours a day and those who take a bath two or less times per week are at a 219-fold increased risk for sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease than those without these risk factors. For people with a great deal of hair, there is a greater need for them to clean their intergluteal sulcus. People who engage in work that requires sitting in a seat for long periods of time should choose more comfortable seats and should also try to stand whenever possible.

Tratamento cirúrgico da doença pilonidal sacrococcígea: estudo comparativo entre as técnicas de marsupialização e de incisão e curetagem / Surgical treatment of sacrococcigeal pilonidal disease: a comparative study between marsupialization and incision plus curettage techniques

OBJETIVO: Comparar duas técnicas cirúrgicas empregadas, no tratamento da doença pilonidal, a de marsupialização e da incisão e curetagem, analisando seus resultados imediatos, e tardios. MÉTODO: A casuística de 52 pacientes que apresentaram doença pilonidal sacrococcígea em suas diferentes fases, divididos em dois grupos. Grupo A, com 23 doentes submetidos à técnica de marsupialização, e grupo B, formado por 29 doentes operados pela técnica de incisão e curetagem. Todos tiveram seguimento pós-operatório de um a três anos, no período de 1981 a 1999 pelo Serviço de Gastroenterologia Cirúrgica do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual "Francisco Morato de Oliveira" de São Paulo. A média de idade do grupo A foi de 25,39 ± 8,92 anos e a do grupo B foi de 25,52 ± 9,98 anos. A distribuição por sexo foi de 28 mulheres e 24 homens. Segundo a raça, foram 42 brancos e 10 negros. RESULTADOS: A média de tempo de duração de cirurgia, para o grupo A, submetido à marsupialização, foi de 38,91 ± 19,77 minutos, e para o grupo B, doentes submetidos à incisão e curetagem, foi de 47,34 ± 14,34 minutos. A média do tempo de internação para o grupo A foi de 3,26 dias e para o grupo B 1,28 dia. Quanto ao uso de antibiótico, em ambos grupos não foi observada diferença estatística (p>0,05). O tempo médio de cicatrização da ferida operatória nos doentes submetidos à técnica de marsupialização foi de 29,30 ±13,24 dias e para os doentes submetidos a incisão e curetagem foi de 40,76 ± 26,56 dias. A dor pós-operatória incidiu com 72,4 por cento dos doentes do grupo B, e de 17,4 por cento do grupo A, observando-se significância estatística (p=0,0001). O grupo de doentes submetidos à marsupialização não apresentou sangramento, enquanto no grupo da incisão e curetagem 20,7 por cento dos enfermos tiveram sangramento (p=0,2829). A incidência de infecção pós-operatória não diferiu em ambos grupos (4,4 por cento e 3,5 por cento, respectivamente). O grupo B apresentou maiores ...

OBJECTIVE: Results of two surgical techniques for treatment of pilonidal disease, marsupialization and incision and curettage were compared. METHOD: Fifty-two patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease were divided into two groups: Group A consisted of 23 patients treated with marsupialization technique, and group B was composed of 29 patients submitted to incision and curettage. Postoperative follow-up varied between one and three years, from 1981 to 1999. Mean age for group A was 25.39 ± 8.92 years and for group B 25.52 ± 9.98 years. There were 28 females and 24 males. RESULTS: The average duration of the surgery for group A was 38.91 ± 19.77 minutes and for group B 47.34 ± 14.34 minutes. The mean in-ward duration time was 3,26 days for group A and 1.28 day for group B. Regarding antibiotic use, no statistical difference was observed between groups (p>0.05). Average wound healing time associated with marsupialization was 29.30 ±13.24 days, and for incision and curettage 40.76 ± 26.56 days. Postoperative pain occurred in 72.4 percent of the patients in group B and 17,4 percent of group A (p = 0,0001). Wound bleeding was absent in patients of group A but occurred in 29.7 percent of patients of group B (p=0,02829). The incidence of postoperative infection did not differ between the two groups (4.4 percent and 3.5 percent respectively). Group B presented a higher reccurring rate (27.6 percent) compared to group A (4.3 percent)(p=0,03364). CONCLUSIONS: Healing appears to be more efficient in patients undergoing marsupialization technique. Incision and curettage technique presents greater number of complications, with pain and bleeding occuring more often than with the marsupialization technique. The incision and curettage technique has a higher recurring rate than the marsupialization technique.