Tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad pilonidal sacrocoxígea. Experiencia de un centro en los últimos 4 años

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados a largo plazo en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad pilonidal sacrocoxígea (EPS), comparando las diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas utilizadas, complicaciones, tiempo de cicatrización y recidiva. Material y Método: Estudio trasversal retrospectivo. Se revisaron las fichas de los pacientes intervenidos por EPS entre enero 2017 hasta agosto 2021. Para el seguimiento se obtuvo la información desde los registros de los controles periódicos en nuestro centro y aquellos que no continuaron con estos controles se contactaron telefónicamente. Resultados: Se recopilaron 309 casos, con una media de seguimiento de 15,6 meses. Las técnicas más utilizadas para la fase crónica de EPS fueron marsupialización y Karydakis, con tiempo de cicatrización completa de 54,5 y 18,2 días, respectivamente. La presencia de complicaciones prolongó el tiempo de cicatrización en 46,5 días en Karydakis, con mínimo impacto en marsupialización. La tasa de recidiva fue menor en Karydakis y en etapa aguda cuando se realiza destechamiento y legrado. La profilaxis antibiótica no afectó el riesgo de complicaciones postoperatorias. Discusión: El desarrollo de complicaciones postoperatorias tiene mayor impacto en la cicatrización de la técnica cerrada que en la abierta, siendo esta última más tolerante en cuanto a la cicatrización frente a complicaciones. Conclusión: La intervención con técnica de Karydakis logra la cicatrización de la herida operatorio en menor tiempo que la marsupialización, sin embargo, al desarrollar complicaciones, este tiempo aumenta 3,5 veces más. La recurrencia fue menor en Karydakis. En absceso se recomienda el desteche y legrado por sobre el drenaje exclusivo

Aim: To evaluate long-term results in the surgical treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (SPD) comparing the different surgical techniques used, complications, healing time and recurrence. Material and Method: Retrospective cross-sectional study. The files of the patients operated on for EPS between January 2017 and August 2021 were reviewed. For follow-up, information was obtained from the records of the periodic controls in our center; those who did not continue with these controls were contacted by telephone. Results: 309 cases were collected, with a mean follow-up of 15.6 months. The most used techniques for the chronic phase of EPS were marsupialization and Karydakis, achieving complete wound healing in 54.5 and 18.2 days, respectively. The presence of complications prolonged the healing time by 46.5 days in Karydakis, with minimal impact on marsupialization. The recurrence rate was lower in Karydakis and in the acute stage when unroofing and curettage were performed. Antibiotic prophylaxis did not increase the risk of postoperative complications. Discussion: The development of postoperative complications has a greater impact on the healing of the closed technique than in the open technique, the last one seems to be more tolerant in terms of healing in the presence of complications. Conclusion: The intervention with the Karydakis technique achieves healing of the surgical wound in less time than marsupialization, however, when complications develop, this time increases 3.5 times more. Recurrence was lower in Karydakis. In abscess weaning and curettage is recommended over the exclusive drainage.

Quiste pilonidal. Preferencias en su manejo de los cirujanos/as colorrectales de Latinoamérica

Objetivo: Caracterizar las preferencias y frecuencia de las técnicas quirúrgicas para la resolución de la enfermedad pilonidal (EPS) en los cirujanos/as colorrectales de Latinoamérica. Material y Método: Estudio transversal descriptivo analítico mediante encuesta electrónica validada por pares expertos. Distribuida entre los cirujanos/as colorrectales de Latinoamérica. Fueron excluidos los cirujanos/as no subespecialistas en cirugía colorrectal. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 372 respuestas de 15 países latinoamericanos, con media de 18,9 ± 12,5 años como subespecialistas. El 66,7% utiliza técnicas abiertas para EPS crónica, las técnicas más usadas son marsupialización (31,5%), destechamiento (27,7%) y resección con técnica de Karydakis (17,7%), colgajo de Limberg (6,1%), Bascom (5,4%), plastias en Z o V-Y (4%), McFee (3,8%) y Epsit (3,8%). La intervención más utilizada para la resolución de la EPS aguda es el drenaje bajo anestesia formal con curetaje y/o marsupialización (51,1%). El 45,3% de los cirujanos/as cambia de técnica durante su carrera. Discusión: Gracias a la amplia distribución y representatividad de los encuestados se logró plasmar la preferencia de manera realista acerca de las inclinaciones en el manejo de la EPS por parte de los subespecialistas del continente, aportando información de la que no se tiene precedente. Conclusión: Las técnicas abiertas son las preferidas para la resolución de la EPS crónica, las técnicas más utilizadas son marsupialización, destechamiento y Karydakis. Es frecuente el cambio de técnica quirúrgica preferente dentro de los subespecialistas, existiendo una relación entre escoger técnicas abiertas en la medida que los cirujanos/as tienen más años de experiencia.

Aim: To characterize the preferences and frequency of surgical techniques for the resolution of pilonidal disease (PSD) in colorectal surgeons of Latin America. Materials and Method: Cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study using an electronic survey validated by expert peers. Distributed among colorectal surgeons in Latin America. Surgeons who were not subspecialists in colorectal surgery were excluded. Results: 372 responses were obtained from subspecialist surgeons in colorectal surgery from 15 Latin American countries, with a mean of 18.9 ± 12.5 years as subspecialists. 66.7% use open techniques for chronic PSD, the most used techniques: marsupialization (31.5%), unroofing (27.7%) and resection with the Karydakis technique (17.7%), Limberg flap (6, 1%), Bascom (5.4%), Z or VY plasties (4%), McFee (3.8%) and Epsit (3.8%). The most used intervention for the resolution of acute PSD is drainage under formal anesthesia with curettage and/or marsupialization (51.1%). 45.3% of surgeons change techniques during their career. Discussion: Due to the wide distribution and representativeness of the respondents, it was possible to capture the preference in a realistic way about the management of the PSD by the subspecialists of the continent, contributing with information with which there is no precedent. Conclusion: Open techniques are preferred for the resolution of chronic PSD, marsupialization, unroofing and Karydakis were used the most. The change of surgical technique within subspecialists is frequent, there is a relationship between preferring open techniques to the extent that surgeons have more years of experience.

Comparative outcome study between simple closure and flap technique in Pilonidal sinus disease

Introduction:Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a disease of natal cleft in sacrococcygeal region. The main goal of treatment is low recurrence rate, short hospital stays, early return to work and decrease post-operative work. Present study was undertaken to compare and find clinical outcome between simple closure and flap techniques. Methodology:30 patients of Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) which were fit to undergo surgery were included. 15 patients undergone simple closure and 15 undergone flap technique (Limberg). Result: Wound Infection, Post-operative discharge and Recurrence rate was found higher in group I patients (20 %, 23.33 %, 30 % and 26.66 % respectively) compared to Group II cases. Difference is statistically significant (p Value 0.03, 0.04, 0.008 and 0.02 respectively). Discussion:Recurrence of the sinus probably depend mainly on the ability of the procedure to obliterate the depth of natal cleft. In the present study we found flap procedures superior in combating the disease recurrence than excision with simple closure. Conclusion: It is recommended that Limberg flap method should be used in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease over other modalities

Comparison of Limberg Flap and Karydakis Flap Surgery for the Treatment of Patients With Pilonidal Sinus Disease: A Single-Blinded Parallel Randomized Study

PURPOSE: Pilonidal sinus disease is a common condition, which mostly affects young men. While various surgical techniques have been introduced for treating intergluteal pilonidal disease (IPD), controversies still exist regarding the best surgical approach. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency and the short-term outcomes of Limberg flap and Karydakis flap surgeries for the treatments of patients with IPD.METHODS: A total of 80 patients with IPD who had underwent either Karydakis flap (KF group: n = 37) or Limberg flap (LF group: n = 27) surgery between January 2015 and January 2016 at Imam Khomeini Hospital of Sari in the North of Iran were recruited for inclusion in this randomized, single-blind study.RESULTS: Compared to the KF group, the LF group showed faster complete wound healing, longer duration of surgery and hospital stay, larger wound size, and shorter period of incapacity for work. The overall patient satisfaction in the LF group was significantly higher than that in the KF group. The visual analogue scale score of pain was lower in the LF group than in the KF group. Also, the overall frequency of postoperative complications was higher in the KF group than in the LF group. Recurrence was reported in one patient from the KF group.CONCLUSION: Given the lower rate of postoperative complications and greater cosmetic satisfaction of patients, the Limberg flap procedure should be selected, instead of the Karydakis flap procedure, as the standard technique for treating patients with IPD.

Obesidad e hirsutismo como factores predisponentes de la enfermedad pilonidal sacrococcígea / Obesity and hirsutism as risk factors for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease

Antecedentes: La enfermedad pilonidal sacrococcígea (EPSC) se ha asociado con la obesidad y el hirsutismo. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar la relevancia de estas dos características como factores de riesgo de una EPSC. Material y Método: Estudio prospectivo que incluye todos los pacientes intervenidos por una EPSC en forma consecutiva en forma electiva. Se usó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) para medir el grado de obesidad y se comparó el IMC, la morbilidad y la recidiva con un grupo control de pacientes operados por patología benigna distinta de la obesidad. El hirsutismo se define como la presencia de pelo abundante y grueso en la región lumbar y espalda. Resultados: Se trata de 74 pacientes (51% varones) con una edad promedio de 22,6 años para las mujeres y 27,8 para los hombres (p=0,02). El IMC promedio fue 28,6 para los varones versus 26,4 para las mujeres (p=0,03). Los pacientes con sobrepeso y obesidad tuvieron un promedio de edad superior que los pacientes con IMC normal (p<0,0001). El 54% de los pacientes fue catalogado como hirsutos, sin diferencias en el promedio de edad ni del IMC. El grado de hirsutismo fue significativamente mayor en los varones que en la mujeres (p=0,014). Al comparar con el grupo control (n=62), no hubo diferencias en cuanto al promedio del IMC (p=0,31) ni el grado de hirsutismo (p=0,56) entre ambos grupos. Tampoco hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a la morbilidad postoperatoria y la recidiva de la enfermedad en pacientes con obesidad y/o hirsutismo. Conclusión: La obesidad y el hirsutismo no son factores de riesgo de desarrollar una EPSC, no aumentan la morbilidad postoperatoria ni la recidiva.

Background: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease may be associated to obesity and hirsutism. Aim: To study the association between sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease and obesity and hirsutism. Material and Methods: Prospective study that includes 38 males aged 28 ± 12 years and 36 women aged 23 ± 11 years, subjected to elective surgery for a sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease. Body mass index was used to define obesity. Hirsutism was defined as abundant and tick hair in the back and lumbar region. Results: Mean body mass index was 28.6 ± 5.3 and 26.4 ± 4.6 kg/m² in men and women, respectively (p= 0.03). Overweight and obese patients were significantly older than those with a normal body mass index. Fifty four percent was defined as hirsute, without differences in age or body mass index between hirsute and non hirsute subjects. The degree of hirsutism was higher among males. No differences in the rate of complications or disease relapse was observed between obese or hirsute patients. Conclusions: In this series, obesity and hirsutism were not a risk factor for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease and did not increase the risk of complications or relapse.